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Major events in 1974 include the aftermath of the
1973 oil crisis In October 1973, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) announced that it was implementing a total oil embargo against countries that had supported Israel at any point during the 1973 Yom Kippur War, which began after Eg ...
and the resignation of
United States President The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed For ...
Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 until Resignation of Richard Nixon, his resignation in 1974. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican ...
following the
Watergate scandal The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal in the United States involving the Presidency of Richard Nixon, administration of President Richard Nixon. The scandal began in 1972 and ultimately led to Resignation of Richard Nixon, Nix ...
. In the Middle East, the aftermath of the 1973
Yom Kippur War The Yom Kippur War, also known as the Ramadan War, the October War, the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, or the Fourth Arab–Israeli War, was fought from 6 to 25 October 1973 between Israel and a coalition of Arab world, Arab states led by Egypt and S ...
determined politics; following
Israeli Prime Minister The prime minister of Israel (, Hebrew abbreviation: ; , ''Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma'') is the head of government and chief executive of the State of Israel. Israel is a parliamentary republic with a president as the head of state. The presiden ...
Golda Meir Golda Meir (; 3 May 1898 – 8 December 1978) was the prime minister of Israel, serving from 1969 to 1974. She was Israel's first and only female head of government. Born into a Jewish family in Kyiv, Kiev, Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine) ...
's resignation in response to high Israeli casualties, she was succeeded by
Yitzhak Rabin Yitzhak Rabin (; , ; 1 March 1922 – 4 November 1995) was an Israeli politician, statesman and general. He was the prime minister of Israel, serving two terms in office, 1974–1977, and from 1992 until Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin, his ass ...
. In Europe, the invasion and occupation of northern Cyprus by Turkish troops initiated the
Cyprus dispute The Cyprus problem, also known as the Cyprus conflict, Cyprus issue, Cyprus dispute, or Cyprus question, is an ongoing dispute between the Greek Cypriot and the Turkish Cypriot community in the north of the island of Cyprus, where troops of t ...
, the
Carnation Revolution The Carnation Revolution (), code-named Operation Historic Turn (), also known as the 25 April (), was a military coup by military officers that overthrew the Estado Novo government on 25 April 1974 in Portugal. The coup produced major socia ...
took place in
Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it share ...
, the
Greek junta The Greek junta or Regime of the Colonels was a Right-wing politics, right-wing military junta that ruled Greece from 1967 to 1974. On 21 April 1967, a group of colonels with CIA backing 1967 Greek coup d'état, overthrew the caretaker gove ...
's collapse paves the way for the establishment of a
parliamentary republic A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the Executive (government), executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament). ...
and Chancellor of West Germany
Willy Brandt Willy Brandt (; born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992) was a German politician and statesman who was leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and concurrently served as the Chancellor ...
resigned following an espionage scandal surrounding his secretary Günter Guillaume. In sports, the year was primarily dominated by the
FIFA World Cup The FIFA World Cup, often called the World Cup, is an international association football competition among the senior List of men's national association football teams, men's national teams of the members of the FIFA, Fédération Internatio ...
in
West Germany West Germany was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) from its formation on 23 May 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with East Germany on 3 October 1990. It is sometimes known as the Bonn Republi ...
, in which the
hosts A host is a person responsible for guests at an event or for providing hospitality during it. Host may also refer to: Places * Host, Pennsylvania, a village in Berks County * Host Island, in the Wilhelm Archipelago, Antarctica People * ...
won the championship title, as well as ''
The Rumble in the Jungle George Foreman vs. Muhammad Ali, billed as ''The Rumble in the Jungle'', was a heavyweight championship boxing match on October 30, 1974, at the 20th of May Stadium in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo), between undefeated ...
'', a boxing match between
Muhammad Ali Muhammad Ali (; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and social activist. A global cultural icon, widely known by the nickname "The Greatest", he is often regarded as the gr ...
and
George Foreman George Edward Foreman (January 10, 1949 – March 21, 2025) was an American professional boxer, businessman, minister, and author. In boxing, he competed between 1967 and 1997, and was nicknamed "Big George". He was a two-time world heavyweig ...
in
Zaire Zaire, officially the Republic of Zaire, was the name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1971 to 18 May 1997. Located in Central Africa, it was, by area, the third-largest country in Africa after Sudan and Algeria, and the 11th-la ...
.


Events


January–February

*
January 25 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman emperor by the Senate. * 750 – In the Battle of the Zab, the Abbasid rebels defeat the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to the overthrow of the dyn ...
Bülent Ecevit Mustafa Bülent Ecevit (; 28 May 1925 – 5 November 2006) was a Turkish politician, statesman, poet, writer, scholar, and journalist. He served as the Prime Minister of Turkey four times between 1974 and 2002. He served as prime minister in 197 ...
of CHP forms the new government of
Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...
(37th government, partner MSP). *
January 31 Events Pre-1600 * 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades. * 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on th ...
**The South Vietnamese government and the
Viet Cong The Viet Cong (VC) was an epithet and umbrella term to refer to the communist-driven armed movement and united front organization in South Vietnam. It was formally organized as and led by the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam, and ...
announced that they would resume
prisoner of war A prisoner of war (POW) is a person held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict. The earliest recorded usage of the phrase "prisoner of war" dates back to 1610. Belligerents hold prisoners of war for a ...
exchanges on February 8, after a suspension of seven months. **Two members of the
Japanese Red Army The was a militant communist organization active from 1971 to 2001. It was designated a terrorist organization by Japan and the United States. The JRA was founded by Fusako Shigenobu and Tsuyoshi Okudaira in February 1971, and was most acti ...
(JRA) and two members of the
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP; ) is a secular Palestinian Marxist–Leninist organization founded in 1967 by George Habash. It has consistently been the second-largest of the groups forming the Palestine Liberation ...
(PFLP) made a failed attempt to blow up oil tanks at the
Shell Shell may refer to: Architecture and design * Shell (structure), a thin structure ** Concrete shell, a thin shell of concrete, usually with no interior columns or exterior buttresses Science Biology * Seashell, a hard outer layer of a marine ani ...
oil refinery An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial processes, industrial process Factory, plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refining, refined into products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, Bitumen, asphalt base, ...
complex on Pulau Bukom at
Singapore Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in Southeast Asia. The country's territory comprises one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet. It is about one degree ...
. The terrorists then hijacked the ferry ''Laju'' and took its five crew members hostage. **The
People's Republic of China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...
released Gerald Emil Kosh, a U.S. civilian captured during the
Battle of the Paracel Islands The Battle of the Paracel Islands (Chinese: 西沙海战 (pinyin Xisha haizhan);Vietnamese: Hải chiến Hoàng Sa) was an engagement between the Chinese and South Vietnamese navies near the Paracel Islands on January 19, 1974. The battle ...
. *
February 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer. * 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), ...
**
Fire Fire is the rapid oxidation of a fuel in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction Product (chemistry), products. Flames, the most visible portion of the fire, are produced in the combustion re ...
breaks out in the Joelma Building in
São Paulo São Paulo (; ; Portuguese for 'Paul the Apostle, Saint Paul') is the capital of the São Paulo (state), state of São Paulo, as well as the List of cities in Brazil by population, most populous city in Brazil, the List of largest cities in the ...
, Brazil; 177 die, 293 are injured, 11 die later of their injuries. **
Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur (KL), officially the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, is the capital city and a Federal Territories of Malaysia, federal territory of Malaysia. It is the largest city in the country, covering an area of with a census population ...
, the capital of
Malaysia Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and thre ...
, is declared a Federal Territory. *
February 8 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Constantius III becomes co-emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir. * 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of ...
– After a record 84 days in
orbit In celestial mechanics, an orbit (also known as orbital revolution) is the curved trajectory of an object such as the trajectory of a planet around a star, or of a natural satellite around a planet, or of an artificial satellite around an ...
, the crew of ''
Skylab 4 Skylab 4 (also SL-4 and SLM-3) was the third crewed Skylab mission and placed the third and final human spaceflight, crew aboard the first American space station. The mission began on November 16, 1973, with the launch of Gerald P. Carr, Edwar ...
'' returns to Earth. *
February 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau. * 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons ...
Zamalek disaster A Crowd collapses and crushes, crowd crush occurred on 17 February 1974 when fans were crushed before the kick-off of a association football, football Exhibition game, friendly match at the Helmy Zamora Stadium, Zamalek Stadium in Cairo between Z ...
: A
soccer Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 Football player, players who almost exclusively use their feet to propel a Ball (association football), ball around a rectangular f ...
stampede occurs in
Cairo Cairo ( ; , ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, being home to more than 10 million people. It is also part of the List of urban agglomerations in Africa, largest urban agglomeration in Africa, L ...
, killing 49. *
February 28 Events Pre-1600 *202 BC – Emperor Gaozu of Han, Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty. * 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople (Roman Catholic), Fourth Council of Co ...
– The British election ended in a
hung parliament A hung parliament is a term used in legislatures primarily under the Westminster system (typically employing Majoritarian representation, majoritarian electoral systems) to describe a situation in which no single political party or pre-existing ...
after the
Jeremy Thorpe John Jeremy Thorpe (29 April 1929 – 4 December 2014) was a British politician who served as the Member of Parliament for North Devon from 1959 to 1979 and as leader of the Liberal Party from 1967 to 1976. In May 1979 he was tried at the Old ...
-led
Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. For example, while the political systems ...
achieves its biggest vote.


March–April

*
March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. * 1575 ...
Turkish Airlines Flight 981 Turkish Airlines Flight 981 (TK981/THY981) was a scheduled flight from Istanbul Yeşilköy Airport to London Heathrow Airport, with an intermediate stop at Orly Airport in Paris. On 3 March 1974, the McDonnell Douglas DC-10 operating the fl ...
, travelling from
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
to
London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...
, crashes in the woods near Paris, killing all 346 aboard. This was the deadliest aircraft accident in history up to this time, and remains the deadliest single aircraft accident with no survivors. *
March 4 Events Pre-1600 * AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 581 – Yang Jian declares himself Emperor ...
– Following a
hung parliament A hung parliament is a term used in legislatures primarily under the Westminster system (typically employing Majoritarian representation, majoritarian electoral systems) to describe a situation in which no single political party or pre-existing ...
in the
United Kingdom general election United Kingdom general elections (elections for the House of Commons) have occurred in the United Kingdom since the first in 1802. The members of the 1801–1802 Parliament had been elected to the former Parliament of Great Britain and Parliame ...
,
Conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, customs, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civiliza ...
prime minister
Edward Heath Sir Edward Richard George Heath (9 July 1916 – 17 July 2005) was a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1974 and Leader of the Conservative Party (UK), Leader of the Conservative Party from 1965 ...
resigns and is succeeded by Labour's
Harold Wilson James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx (11 March 1916 – 23 May 1995) was a British statesman and Labour Party (UK), Labour Party politician who twice served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, from 1964 to 1970 and again from 197 ...
, who previously led the country from
1964 Events January * January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved. * January 5 – In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patria ...
to
1970 Events January * January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC. * January 5 – The 7.1 1970 Tonghai earthquake, Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli ...
. *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ar ...
** In West Germany, the Bundestag passes the Bundes-Immissionsschutzgesetz ("Federal Emission Control Act"). ** End of five-month
oil An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is composed primarily of hydrocarbons and is hydrophobic (does not mix with water) and lipophilic (mixes with other oils). Oils are usually flammable and surface active. Most oils are unsaturate ...
embargo Economic sanctions or embargoes are commercial and financial penalties applied by states or institutions against states, groups, or individuals. Economic sanctions are a form of coercion that attempts to get an actor to change its behavior throu ...
by most
OPEC The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC ) is an organization enabling the co-operation of leading oil-producing and oil-dependent countries in order to collectively influence the global oil market and maximize Profit (eco ...
nations against the United States, Europe, and Japan which had caused the
1973 oil crisis In October 1973, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) announced that it was implementing a total oil embargo against countries that had supported Israel at any point during the 1973 Yom Kippur War, which began after Eg ...
. *
March 26 Events Pre-1600 * 590 – Emperor Maurice proclaims his son Theodosius as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. * 624 – First Eid al-Fitr celebration. * 1021 – The death of the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, kept secret ...
– A group of peasant women in
Chamoli district Chamoli district is a district of the Uttarakhand state of India. It is bounded by China's Xizang Autonomous Region to the north, and by the Uttarakhand districts of Pithoragarh district, Pithoragarh and Bageshwar district, Bageshwar to the eas ...
,
Uttarakhand Uttarakhand (, ), also known as Uttaranchal ( ; List of renamed places in India, the official name until 2007), is a States and union territories of India, state in North India, northern India. The state is bordered by Himachal Pradesh to the n ...
, India, use their bodies to surround trees to prevent loggers from felling them, giving rise to the
Chipko movement The Chipko movement () is a forest conservation movement in India. Opposed to commercial logging and the government's policies on deforestation, protesters in the 1970s engaged in tree hugging, wrapping their arms around trees so that they coul ...
. *
March 29 Events Pre-1600 * 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of Venice. * 1461 – Battle of Towton: Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Edward IV of England, bringing a ...
** The
Terracotta Army The Terracotta Army is a collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China. It is a form of funerary art buried with the emperor in 210–209 BCE with the purpose of protecting him in his aft ...
of
Qin Shi Huang Qin Shi Huang (, ; February 25912 July 210 BC), born Ying Zheng () or Zhao Zheng (), was the founder of the Qin dynasty and the first emperor of China. He is widely regarded as the first ever supreme leader of a unitary state, unitary d ...
is discovered at
Xi'an Xi'an is the list of capitals in China, capital of the Chinese province of Shaanxi. A sub-provincial city on the Guanzhong plain, the city is the third-most populous city in Western China after Chongqing and Chengdu, as well as the most populou ...
, China. ** Launch of the
Volkswagen Golf The Volkswagen Golf () is a compact car/ small family car ( C-segment) produced by the German automotive manufacturer Volkswagen since 1974, marketed worldwide across eight generations, in various body configurations and under various nameplate ...
in
West Germany West Germany was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) from its formation on 23 May 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with East Germany on 3 October 1990. It is sometimes known as the Bonn Republi ...
, a modern front-wheel drive hatchback which is expected to replace the iconic
Volkswagen Beetle The Volkswagen Beetle, officially the Volkswagen Type 1, is a small family car produced by the German company Volkswagen from 1938 to 2003. One of the most iconic cars in automotive history, the Beetle is noted for its distinctive shape. Its pr ...
, holder of the world record for the car with the most units produced. *
April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. * 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. * 1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created. ...
4 – An enormous
tornado outbreak A tornado outbreak is the occurrence of multiple tornadoes spawned by the same Synoptic scale meteorology, synoptic scale weather system. The number of tornadoes required to qualify as an outbreak typically are at least six to ten, with at least ...
strikes the central parts of the United States, killing around 319 and injuring about 5,484. *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The Fatimid invasion of Egypt (919–921), second Fatimid invasion of Medieval Egypt, Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, Al-Qa'im (Fa ...
– '' Carrie'', the debut novel by
Stephen King Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author. Dubbed the "King of Horror", he is widely known for his horror novels and has also explored other genres, among them Thriller (genre), suspense, crime fiction, crime, scienc ...
, is published. *
April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. * ...
Swedish pop group
ABBA ABBA ( ) were a Swedish pop group formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad. They are one of the most popular and successful musical groups of all time, and are one of the List ...
's song "Waterloo (ABBA song), Waterloo" wins the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest in Brighton, England, UK. *
April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. * ...
– The first California Jam festival takes place at the Ontario Motor Speedway in Ontario, California. Co-headlined by Deep Purple and Emerson, Lake & Palmer. The festival set what were then records for the loudest amplification system ever installed, the highest paid attendance, and highest gross in history. * April 8 – In Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium, Hank Aaron, Henry "Hank" Aaron hits his 715th home run, surpassing Babe Ruth as the all-time home run king. * April 11 – The Kiryat Shmona massacre takes place in Israel. * April 24 – ''Guillaume Affair'': exposure of an East Germany, East German spy Günter Guillaume within the West Germany, West German government, leading to the resignation of West German Chancellor
Willy Brandt Willy Brandt (; born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992) was a German politician and statesman who was leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and concurrently served as the Chancellor ...
. * April 25 – ''
Carnation Revolution The Carnation Revolution (), code-named Operation Historic Turn (), also known as the 25 April (), was a military coup by military officers that overthrew the Estado Novo government on 25 April 1974 in Portugal. The coup produced major socia ...
'': A left-wing military coup d'état, coup in Portugal restores democracy, ending 41 years of the Estado Novo (Portugal), Estado Novo dictatorship in the country. Prime Minister of Portugal, Portuguese Prime Minister Marcelo Caetano flees to Brazilian military government, Brazil and is granted political asylum by President of Brazil, Brazilian President Ernesto Geisel.


May–June

* May 4 ** An all-female Japanese team summits Manaslu in Kingdom of Nepal, Nepal, becoming the first women to climb an peak. ** The Expo '74 world's fair opens in Spokane, Washington. * May 7 –
Willy Brandt Willy Brandt (; born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992) was a German politician and statesman who was leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and concurrently served as the Chancellor ...
, West Germany's chancellor, resigns. * May 11 – A violent 1974 Zhaotong earthquake, 7.1 earthquake shakes the Chinese city of Zhaotong causing between 1,600 and 20,000 deaths. * May 16 – Helmut Schmidt becomes the new Chancellor of West Germany. * May 17 – The Troubles: The Dublin and Monaghan bombings are carried out by the Ulster Volunteer Force, when they explode four car bombs in counties Dublin and Monaghan in the Republic of Ireland. The attacks kill 33 civilians and wound almost 300, the highest number of casualties in any single event during the conflict. * May 18 ** 1974 Australian federal election: Gough Whitlam's Australian Labor Party, Labor Whitlam government, government is re-elected with a reduced majority, defeating the Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal/National Party of Australia, Country Coalition (Australia), Coalition led by Billy Snedden. Whitlam consequently becomes the first Labor Prime Minister of Australia, Prime Minister to be re-elected in his own right. The Democratic Labor Party (Australia, 1955), Democratic Labor Party meanwhile loses all five of their Australian Senate, Senate seats, effectively wiping them out as a political force. ** Nuclear weapons testing: Under Project Smiling Buddha, India successfully detonates its first nuclear weapon, becoming the 6th nation to do so. * June 1 - In an informal article in a medical journal, Henry Heimlich introduced the concept of abdominal thrusts, commonly known as the Heimlich maneuver, to treat victims of choking. * June 13 – The 1974 FIFA World Cup Association football tournament began in West Germany. * June 17 – A bomb explodes in Westminster Hall, the oldest part of the British Houses of Parliament. The hall's annex, housing offices, and a canteen are destroyed by the bombing, attributed by police to the Provisional wing of the Irish Republican Army. * June 29 – Isabel Perón is sworn in as the first female President of Argentina, replacing her sick husband Juan Perón, who dies 2 days later.


July–August

* July 7 – Germany national football team, West Germany beats Netherlands national football team, the Netherlands 2–1 to win the 1974 FIFA World Cup. The West German football team is awarded the new FIFA World Cup Trophy. * July 15 – The Greek military junta of 1967–1974, Greek military junta sponsors a 1974 Cypriot coup d'état, coup d'état in Cyprus, replacing President Makarios III with Nikos Sampson. * July 19 – Railcar explosion in Decatur, Illinois. A tanker car collides with a Norfolk and Western Railway, Norfolk & Western boxcar. Seven people are killed, 349 are injured and $18 million in property damage. * July 20 – The Turkish invasion of Cyprus occurs. * July 23 – The Greek military junta of 1967–74, Greek military junta is replaced by a civilian government, the ''metapolitefsi''. * August 4 – Italicus Express bombing 1974, A bomb explodes in a train between Italy and West Germany, killing twelve and wounding 48. *
Watergate scandal The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal in the United States involving the Presidency of Richard Nixon, administration of President Richard Nixon. The scandal began in 1972 and ultimately led to Resignation of Richard Nixon, Nix ...
: ** August 8 – U.S. President
Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 until Resignation of Richard Nixon, his resignation in 1974. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican ...
Richard Nixon's resignation speech, announces his resignation on August 8, effective at noon on August 9. ** August 9 – Vice President Gerald Ford becomes the 38th president of the United States upon Nixon's resignation. President Gerald Ford is Inauguration of Gerald Ford, sworn in at the White House. * August 14 **
Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...
Turkish invasion of Cyprus, invades Cyprus for the second time, occupying 37% of the island's territory. ** Greece withdraws its forces from NATO's military command structure, as a result of the Turkish invasion of Cyprus. * August 30 ** An express train bound for Germany from Belgrade Zagreb train disaster, derails in Zagreb, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia (now Croatia), killing more than 150 passengers. ** The 1974 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries bombing, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries building in Tokyo is bombed by radical far-left terrorists, killing 8 and wounding more than 376.


September–October

* September 8 **TWA Flight 841 (1974), TWA Flight 841 crashes into the Ionian Sea 18 minutes after takeoff from Athens on an Israel–New York flight after a bomb explodes in the cargo hold, and kills 88 people. ** President Gerald Ford signs Pardon of Richard Nixon, Proclamation 4311, granting a full and unconditional pardon to
Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 until Resignation of Richard Nixon, his resignation in 1974. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican ...
, his predecessor. * September 10 – The Portuguese military junta grants independence to Guinea-Bissau. * September 12 ** Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia is deposed by the Derg, bringing an end to the Solomonic dynasty's rule since 1270. The Ethiopian Civil War begins. ** African Youth Amílcar Cabral is founded in Guinea-Bissau. * September 13 –
Japanese Red Army The was a militant communist organization active from 1971 to 2001. It was designated a terrorist organization by Japan and the United States. The JRA was founded by Fusako Shigenobu and Tsuyoshi Okudaira in February 1971, and was most acti ...
members 1974 French Embassy attack in The Hague, seize the French Embassy in The Hague, Netherlands. * September 20 – The Kootenai War is declared, and 10-cent tolls are charged on U.S. Highway 95. * October 11 – The UK Labour government of Harold Wilson wins the October 1974 United Kingdom general election, second general election of the year, forming a three-seat majority. Wilson, who has led the party for a total of 11 years, has now won four of the five general elections he has contested. * October 26 – Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional Puertorriqueña (FALN) sets off 5 bombs in Manhattan, with their largest bomb set off in the Financial District.


November–December

* November 1 – The World Tourism Organization (WTO) is established. * November 5 – The Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party makes big gains nationwide in 1974 United States elections, House, Senate, and Gubernatorial elections. * November 13 – Ronald Joseph DeFeo Jr. shoots and kills all six of his family members while they sleep in their beds inside the family's Amityville, New York, home. * November 16 – Arecibo message: The radio telescope at the Arecibo Observatory on Puerto Rico sends an interstellar radio message towards Messier 13, the Great Globular Cluster in Hercules. The message will reach its destination around the year Timeline of the far future#Spacecraft and space exploration, 27,000. * November 17 – The 1974 Greek legislative election, the first election since the fall of the Greek military junta of 1967–1974, Greek junta of 1967–1974, is held and the newly formed New Democracy (Greece), New Democracy party wins 220 of 300 seats in the Hellenic Parliament. * November 18 – The International Energy Agency is founded. * November 20 – Lufthansa Flight 540 crashes in Nairobi, Kenya, due to a mechanical failure, killing 59 of its 157 occupants. * November 21 – Birmingham pub bombings: In Birmingham, England, two pubs are bombed, killing 21 people in an attack widely believed at the time to be linked to the Provisional Irish Republican Army. The Birmingham Six are later sentenced to life in prison for this, but their convictions are quashed after a lengthy campaign. * November 22 – The United Nations General Assembly grants the Palestine Liberation Organization observer status. * November 24 – A skeleton from the Hominidae, hominid species ''Australopithecus afarensis'' is discovered and named Lucy (Australopithecus), Lucy. * November 26 – Anneline Kriel is crowned as Miss World 1974, the second South African to hold the title after Penelope Coelen, Penny Coelen 1958 in South Africa, in 1958, when Helen Morgan (Miss World), Helen Morgan resigns four days after winning the 24th Miss World pageant. * December 1 – Two Boeing 727, Boeing 727s, TWA Flight 514 and Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 6231, crash on the same day in the Eastern United States resulting in a combined deaths of 95 people. * December 8 – 1974 Greek republic referendum: Greeks vote in a 2 to 1 margin to reject the monarchy, solidifying the country's republican form of government. * December 9 – The Paris summit, reuniting the European Communities' heads of state and government, commences. * December 13 – Malta becomes a republic. * December 17 – The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) becomes a specialized agency of the United Nations. * December 24–December 25, 25 – Darwin, Northern Territory, Darwin, Australia is almost completely destroyed by Cyclone Tracy.


Date unknown

* Rubik's Cube mechanical puzzle, puzzle is invented by Hungarian architecture professor Ernő Rubik.


Births


January

* January 3 ** Alessandro Petacchi, Italian road cyclist ** Katie Porter, American politician * January 9 – Farhan Akhtar, Indian film director, screenwriter, actor, singer, producer, and television host * January 10 ** Hrithik Roshan, Indian actor ** Jemaine Clement, New Zealand actor * January 12 ** Melanie C, English pop singer (Spice Girls) ** Tor Arne Hetland, Norwegian cross-country skier * January 14 ** Kevin Durand, Canadian-American actor and singer * January 16 – Kate Moss, English model * January 19 – Natassia Malthe, Norwegian actress and model * January 22 – Joseph Muscat, 13th Prime Minister of Malta * January 23 – Tiffani Thiessen, American actress * January 24 – Ed Helms, American actor and stand-up comedian *
January 25 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman emperor by the Senate. * 750 – In the Battle of the Zab, the Abbasid rebels defeat the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to the overthrow of the dyn ...
– Emily Haines, American-Canadian singer * January 27 – Ole Einar Bjørndalen, Norwegian biathlete * January 28 – Kari Traa, Norwegian freestyle skier * January 29 ** Michael Andersen, Danish basketball player ** Kōji Wada, Japanese rock singer (d. 2016) * January 30 ** Christian Bale, British actor ** Olivia Colman, English actress


February

*
February 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer. * 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), ...
– Roberto Heras, Spanish road cyclist * February 3 ** Shahab Hosseini, Iranian actor and film director ** Ayanna Pressley, American politician ** Miriam Yeung, Hong Kong actress and singer * February 4 ** Urmila Matondkar, Indian actress * February 7 ** J Dilla, American record producer and rapper (d. 2006) ** Steve Nash, Canadian basketball player ** Nujabes, Japanese record producer and DJ (d. 2010) ** Femke Zeedijk-Raeven, Dutch politician *
February 8 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Constantius III becomes co-emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir. * 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of ...
** Seth Green, American actor and comedian ** Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo, French musician and record producer ** Kimbo Slice, Bahamian-born American boxer and mixed martial artist (d. 2016) * February 10 ** Elizabeth Banks, American actress and film director **David Datuna, Georgian-American artist (d. 2022) ** Ivri Lider, Israeli singer * February 11 – Alex Jones, American radio host, conspiracy theorist, author and filmmaker * February 12 – Naseem Hamed, British boxer * February 13 – Robbie Williams, British singer * February 14 ** Philippe Léonard, Belgian footballer ** Valentina Vezzali, Italian fencer * February 15 ** Mr Lordi, Finnish singer ** Alexander Wurz, Austrian racing driver * February 16 – Mahershala Ali, American actor and rapper *
February 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau. * 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons ...
** Jerry O'Connell, American actor * February 18 ** Nadine Labaki, Lebanese film director, actress and activist * February 22 ** James Blunt, English singer ** David Pelletier, Canadian pair skater * February 25 ** Divya Bharti, Indian film actress (d. 1993) ** Dominic Raab, British politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom * February 26 – Sébastien Loeb, French rally driver * February 27 ** Carte Goodwin, former United States senator from West Virginia ** Hiroyasu Shimizu, Japanese speed skater


March

*
March 4 Events Pre-1600 * AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 581 – Yang Jian declares himself Emperor ...
** Karol Kučera, Slovak tennis player ** Ariel Ortega, Argentine football player * March 5 ** Jens Jeremies, German footballer ** Matt Lucas, British actor and comedian ** Eva Mendes, American actress and model ** Hiten Tejwani, Indian model and actor * March 6 – Santino Marella, Anthony Carelli, Canadian professional wrestler * March 7 ** Jenna Fischer, American actress ** Antonio de la Rúa, Argentine lawyer * March 9 – Nalbert Bitencourt, Brazilian volleyball player * March 14 – Grace Park (actress), Grace Park, Canadian actress * March 13 ** Thomas Enqvist, Swedish tennis player ** Vampeta, Brazilian football player and coach * March 15 – Percy Montgomery, South African rugby union player * March 19 – Vida Guerra, Cuban born-American model and actress * March 20 – Carsten Ramelow, German footballer * March 21 – Rhys Darby, New Zealand actor and comedian * March 22 ** Marcus Camby, American basketball player ** Kidada Jones, American actress ** Bassem Youssef, Egyptian journalist and comedian * March 23 – Jaume Collet-Serra, Spanish-American film director and producer * March 24 – Alyson Hannigan, American actress *
March 26 Events Pre-1600 * 590 – Emperor Maurice proclaims his son Theodosius as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. * 624 – First Eid al-Fitr celebration. * 1021 – The death of the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, kept secret ...
– Laurel Lee, American politician and lawyer * March 28 – Daisuke Kishio, Japanese voice actor *
March 29 Events Pre-1600 * 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of Venice. * 1461 – Battle of Towton: Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Edward IV of England, bringing a ...
– Miguel Gómez (photographer), Miguel Gómez, Colombian photographer * March 30 – Miho Komatsu, Japanese pop singer and songwriter * March 31 ** Natali (singer), Natali, Russian singer, composer and songwriter ** Jani Sievinen, Finnish swimmer


April

* April 2 – Håkan Hellström, Swedish musician *
April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. * ...
– Robert Kovač, Croatian football player and coach * April 8 – Chris Kyle, American sniper (d. 2013) * April 9 – Jenna Jameson, American adult actress and model * April 11 ** Àlex Corretja, Spanish tennis player ** Tricia Helfer, Canadian actress and model * April 12 ** Marley Shelton, American actress ** Sylvinho, Brazilian footballer * April 13 – Marta Jandová, Czech musician and actress * April 15 ** Danny Pino, Cuban American actor ** Tim Thomas (ice hockey, born 1974), Tim Thomas, American Ice Hockey player * April 16 – Xu Jinglei, Chinese actress and director * April 17 ** Mikael Åkerfeldt, Swedish musician (Opeth)Mikael Åkerfeldt
, Opeth – Official Website, Retrieved 3 June 2012
** Victoria Beckham, English singer and fashion designer * April 18 ** Lorraine Pilkington, Irish actress ** Edgar Wright, English film director * April 21 – Oleksiy Zhuravko, Ukrainian politician (d. 2022) * April 23 – Jennifer Paz, Filipino actress * April 24 – Stephen Wiltshire, British architectural artist and autistic savant *April 25 – Grant Achatz, American chef and restaurateur * April 28 – Penélope Cruz, Spanish actress and model * April 29 – Anggun, Indonesian-French singer-songwriter


May

* May 1 – Lornah Kiplagat, Kenyan-Dutch runner * May 2 – Matt Berry, English actor and singer * May 3 – Princess Haya bint Al Hussein of Jordan * May 7 ** Lawrence Johnson (pole vaulter), Lawrence Johnson, American pole vaulter ** Breckin Meyer, American actor * May 8 – Marge Kõrkjas, Estonian swimmer * May 9 – Brian Deegan (motorcyclist), Brian Deegan, American motocross racer * May 10 ** Liu Fang, Chinese pipa player ** Sylvain Wiltord, French footballer * May 11 – Simon Aspelin, Swedish tennis player * May 14 – Chantal Kreviazuk, Canadian singer-songwriter * May 16 – Laura Pausini, Italian singer * May 17 ** Andrea Corr, Irish singer ** Tamara Rojo, Spanish ballet dancer * May 18 – Ikke Nurjanah, Indonesian dangdut singer and actress * May 19 ** Andrew Johns, Australian rugby league player ** Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Indian film actor * May 20 – Mikael Stanne, Swedish singer * May 21 – Fairuza Balk, American actress and musician * May 22 ** Sean Gunn, American actor ** Henrietta Ónodi, Hungarian artistic gymnast * May 23 – Jewel (singer), Jewel, American singer * May 26 – Lars Frölander, Swedish swimmer * May 27 ** Marjorie Taylor Greene, American politician ** Gürkan Uygun, Turkish actor * May 28 ** Hans-Jörg Butt, German footballer ** Misbah-ul-Haq, Pakistani cricketer * May 29 – Steve Cardenas, American martial artist and actor * May 30 – Big L, American rapper (d. 1999) * May 31 – Kenan Doğulu, Turkish pop musician


June

* June 1 – Alanis Morissette, Canadian-American singer * June 2 – Gata Kamsky, American chess player * June 3 – Martín Karpan, Argentinian actor * June 7 ** Mahesh Bhupathi, Indian tennis player ** Helen Vollam, Principal Trombone Player for the BBC Symphony Orchestra. ** Bear Grylls, British survivalist * June 13 ** Katharina Bellowitsch, Austrian radio and TV presenter. ** Selma Björnsdóttir, Selma, Icelandic singer ** Steve-O, American actor * June 18 – Kenan İmirzalıoğlu, Turkish actor and model * June 19 – Rossella Erra, Italian television personality * June 21 ** Natasha Beaumont, Malaysian actress and model ** Maggie Siff, American actress ** Hitoshi Uematsu, Japanese short track speed skater * June 22 ** Devayani (actress), Devayani, Indian actress ** Donald Faison, American actor ** B. V. S. Ravi, Indian writer ** Tu Tamarua, Cook Islands rugby union flanker ** Vijay (actor), Vijay, Indian actor * June 23 ** Joel Edgerton, Australian actor and filmmaker ** Kim Young-chul (comedian), Kim Young-chul, South Korean comedian and singer ** Andi Vasluianu, Romanian actor * June 24 ** Andrea De Cruz, Singaporean actress ** Ruffa Gutierrez, Filipino model, beauty queen and actress * June 25 ** Karisma Kapoor, Indian actress ** Tereza Pergnerová, Czech actress, singer and television presenter * June 26 ** Derek Jeter, American baseball player ** Ecija Ojdanić, Croatian actress ** Nicole Saba, Lebanese singer and actress ** Kristofer Steen, Swedish musician ** Matt Striker, American professional wrestler and commentator * June 27 – Christopher O'Neill, British-American businessman, Swedish royal * June 28 ** Nelson Mariano II, Filipino chess Grandmaster ** Rob Dyrdek, American entrepreneur and Television personality * June 29 – Pua Khein-Seng, Malaysian businessman * June 30 – Hezekiél Sepeng, South African middle-distance athlete


July

* July 1 ** Timmy Hung, Hong Kong actor ** Jefferson Pérez, Ecuadorean race walker * July 2 – Moon So-ri, South Korean actress, film director and screenwriter * July 3 ** Taiga Ishikawa, Japanese politician and LGBT activist ** Marko Milošević, Serbian fugitive and refugee * July 4 ** Kevin Hanchard, Canadian actor ** Karole Rocher, French actress ** Jammi German American football player * July 6 – Zé Roberto, Brazilian footballer * July 7 – Jennifer Jones (curler), Jennifer Jones, Canadian curler * July 8 ** Jeanna Friske, Russian singer, actress, model and socialite (d. 2015) ** Dragoslav Jevrić, Montenegrin footballer * July 12 ** Parvin Dabas, Indian actor, model and director ** Sharon den Adel, Dutch singer * July 14 ** Martina Hill, German actress, comedian and impersonator ** David Mitchell (comedian), David Mitchell, British comedian and actor * July 20 – Doug Ithier, Australian footballer * July 22 ** Franka Potente, German actress and singer ** Johnny Strong, American actor * July 23 ** Maurice Greene (sprinter), Maurice Greene, American athlete ** Stephanie March, American actress ** Rik Verbrugghe, Belgian road racing cyclist * July 24 ** Eva Aridjis, Mexican-American director and screenwriter * July 25 – Lauren Faust, American animator * July 26 – Daniel Negreanu, Canadian poker player * July 28 ** Elizabeth Berkley, American actress ** Alexis Tsipras, Greek politician * July 29 – Josh Radnor, American actor * July 30 – Hilary Swank, American actress * July 31 – Emilia Fox, English actress


August

* August 5 – Kajol, Indian actress * August 6 – Ever Carradine, American actress * August 7 – Michael Shannon, American actor * August 9 – Derek Fisher, American basketball player * August 13 – Niklas Sundin, Swedish musician * August 14 – Christopher Gorham, American actor * August 15 – Natasha Henstridge, Canadian actress and model * August 16 ** Didier Cuche, Swiss alpine skier ** Krisztina Egerszegi, Hungarian swimmer * August 20 ** Amy Adams, American actress ** Misha Collins, American actor ** Deborah Gravenstijn, Brazilian judoka ** Maxim Vengerov, Russian-Israeli violinist * August 22 ** Cory Gardner, American politician ** Jenna Leigh Green, American actress and singer ** Lee Sheppard (cartoonist), Lee Sheppard, Australian cartoonist * August 23 ** Ray Park, Scottish actor and martial artist ** Ovidiu Cernăuțeanu, Ovi, Romanian-Norwegian singer-songwriter, producer and musician ** Shifty Shellshock, American rapper, singer-songwriter and vocalist (d. 2024) * August 24 – Jennifer Lien, American actress * August 28 – Carsten Jancker, German footballer


September

* September 3 – Jen Royle, American sports reporter and chef * September 4 – Carmit Bachar, American singer * September 6 ** Tim Henman, English tennis player ** Nina Persson, Swedish singer * September 7 – Glenn Ljungström, Swedish guitarist * September 9 – Leah O'Brien, American softball player * September 10 ** Mirko Filipović, Croatian kickboxer; mixed martial arts fighter ** Ryan Phillippe, American actor ** Ben Wallace (basketball), Ben Wallace, American basketball player * September 12 ** Kenichi Suzumura, Japanese voice actor * September 14 – Hicham El Guerrouj, Moroccan athlete * September 15 – Wael Kfoury, Lebanese singer, musician, and songwriter * September 16 – Loona (singer), Loona, Dutch singer * September 17 ** Austin St. John, American actor and martial artist ** Rasheed Wallace, American basketball player * September 18 ** Sol Campbell, English footballer ** Xzibit, American rapper * September 19 ** Jimmy Fallon, American actor, comedian, and television personality ** Hidetaka Miyazaki, Japanese video game designer and executive ** Victoria Silvstedt, Swedish model * September 20 – Jon Bernthal, American actor * September 23 – Matt Hardy, American professional wrestler * September 24 – Kati Wolf, Hungarian singer * September 26 – Joo Jin-mo (actor, born 1974), Joo Jin-mo, South Korean actor * September 30 – Yul Bürkle, Venezuelan actor and model


October

* October 2 – Rachana Banerjee, Indian film actress * October 3 – Marianne Timmer, Dutch speed skater * October 6 – Hoàng Xuân Vinh, Vietnamese sports shooter * October 7 ** Shannon MacMillan, American soccer player ** Charlotte Perrelli, Swedish singer * October 8 – Koji Murofushi, Japanese hammer thrower * October 10 ** Dale Earnhardt Jr., American race car driver ** Oded Kattash, Israeli basketball player and coach ** Chris Pronger, Canadian hockey player * October 11 – Jason Arnott, Canadian hockey player * October 14 – Shaggy 2 Dope, American rapper * October 15 – Cayetana Álvarez de Toledo, Spanish politician * October 16 ** Aurela Gaçe, Albanian singer ** Paul Kariya, Canadian hockey player * October 17 – Matthew Macfadyen, English actor * October 18 ** Susana Díaz, Spanish politician ** Zhou Xun, Chinese actress and singer * October 23 ** Aravind Adiga, Indian-Australian author ** Sander Westerveld, Dutch soccer player * October 24 – Catherine Sutherland, Australian actress * October 25 – Nevenka Fernández, Spanish economist. * October 28 ** Nelly Ciobanu, Moldovan singer ** Joaquin Phoenix, American actor born in Puerto Rico * October 29 ** Akashdeep Saigal, Indian television actor and model ** Yenny Wahid, Indonesian activist and politician


November

* November 2 – Nelly, American rapper * November 5 ** Ryan Adams, American singer and songwriter ** Dado Pršo, Croatian footballer ** Jerry Stackhouse, American basketball player * November 8 ** Penelope Heyns, South African swimmer ** Masashi Kishimoto, Japanese manga author ** Matthew Rhys, Welsh actor * November 9 – Alessandro Del Piero, Italian football player * November 10 – Chris Lilley (comedian), Chris Lilley, Australian comedian and actor * November 11 – Leonardo DiCaprio, American actor, producer and environmentalist * November 13 – Kerim Seiler, Swiss artist and architect * November 14 – Chip Gaines, an American actor, producer, television personality, and author * November 15 ** Chad Kroeger, Canadian singer ** Ingrida Šimonytė, Prime Minister of Lithuania * November 16 – Paul Scholes, English football player * November 18 ** Chloë Sevigny, American actress ** Petter Solberg, Norwegian rally driver * November 20 ** Drew Ginn, Australian rower ** Kurt Krömer, German television presenter, comedian and actor * November 24 – Stephen Merchant, English actor and comedian * November 26 – Roman Šebrle, Czech decathlete * November 27 ** Wendy Houvenaghel, British racing cyclist ** Zsófia Polgár, Hungarian-born chess player * November 29 – Ferenc Merkli, Hungarian Slovene priest, writer and translator * November 30 – Wallace Chung, Hong Kong actor and singer


December

* December 1 – Costinha, Portuguese footballer * December 4 – Anke Huber, German tennis player * December 5 ** Kid Koala, Canadian DJ, turntablist, musician and graphic novelist ** Ben McAdams, American politician who served in the United States House of Representatives from 2019 to 2021 in Utah * December 7 – Nicole Appleton, Canadian singer * December 10 – Meg White, American drummer * December 11 ** Rey Mysterio, American wrestler ** Gete Wami, Ethiopian long-distance runner ** Ben Shephard, TV presenter and journalist * December 12 – Michelle Saram, Singaporean singer and actress * December 13 - Nick McCarthy, English-German guitarist singer (Franz Ferdinand (band), Franz Ferdinand) * December 17 ** Sarah Paulson, American actress ** Giovanni Ribisi, American actor * December 18 ** Kari Byron, American artist and television personality **Mutassim Gaddafi, Libyan Army commander (d. 2011) ** Viki Miljković, Serbian singer ** Nelly Karim, Egyptian actress * December 19 – Ricky Ponting, Australian cricketer * December 20 – Paul Linger, English footballer * December 24 ** Marcelo Salas, Chilean footballer ** Ryan Seacrest, American television personality ** Paal Nilssen-Love, Norwegian drummer and composer * December 27 – Alena Vinnitskaya, Ukrainian singer * December 29 – Mekhi Phifer, American actor * December 30 ** S. Jithesh, Dr. Jitheshji, Indian Speed Cartoonist and Pictorial Orator * December 31 ** Tan Tolga Demirci, Turkish director and writer ** Tony Kanaan, Brazilian racing driver


Deaths


January

* January 2 – Tex Ritter, American actor and country musician (b. 1905) * January 3 – Gino Cervi, Italian actor (b. 1901) * January 6 ** David Alfaro Siqueiros, Mexican painter and muralist (b. 1896) ** Margit Slachta, Hungarian politician (b. 1884) * January 12 – Princess Patricia of Connaught (b. 1886) * January 18 – Bill Finger, American comic strip and book writer (b. 1914) * January 21 – Lewis Strauss, American businessman, philanthropist, and naval officer (b. 1896) * January 22 – Oskar Herman, Croatian Jewish painter (b. 1886) * January 27 ** Georgios Grivas, Greek-Cypriot colonel (b. 1898) ** Leo Geyr von Schweppenburg, German general (b. 1886) * January 29 – H. E. Bates, English writer and author (b. 1905) *
January 31 Events Pre-1600 * 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades. * 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on th ...
** Samuel Goldwyn, Polish-born American film studio executive (b. 1879) ** Glenn Morris, American Olympic athlete (b. 1912)


February

* February 4 ** Satyendra Nath Bose, Indian mathematician and physicist (b. 1894) ** Stuart Buchanan, American actor (d. 1894) *
February 8 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Constantius III becomes co-emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir. * 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of ...
– Fritz Zwicky, Swiss physicist and astronomer (b. 1898) * February 11 – Anna Q. Nilsson, Swedish-born American silent film star (b. 1888) * February 15 ** Kurt Atterberg, Swedish composer (b. 1887) ** George W. Snedecor, American mathematician and statistician (b. 1881) * February 18 – Manuel A. Odría, 79th President of Peru (b. 1896) * February 21 – Tim Horton, Canadian ice hockey player and co-founder of the Tim Hortons restaurant chain (b. 1930) * February 23 ** Harry Ruby, American musician, composer and writer (b. 1895) ** George Van Biesbroeck, American-born Belgian astronomer (b. 1880) * February 24 – Robert A. Stemmle, German screenwriter and film director (b. 1903)


March

* March 1 – Bobby Timmons, American jazz pianist and composer (b. 1935) *
March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. * 1575 ...
** Barbara Ruick, American actress and singer (b. 1930, 1932) ** Frank Wilcox, American actor (b. 1907) *
March 4 Events Pre-1600 * AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 581 – Yang Jian declares himself Emperor ...
– Adolph Gottlieb, American abstract expressionist painter (b. 1903) * March 5 – Billy De Wolfe, American actor (b. 1907) * March 6 – Ernest Becker, American anthropologist and writer (b. 1924) * March 8 – Martha Wentworth, American actress (b. 1889) * March 9 – Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr., American physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915) * March 17 – Louis Kahn, Russian-born American architect (b. 1901) * March 19 – Edward Platt, American actor known as "Get Smart, The Chief" on NBC/CBS's ''Get Smart'' (b. 1916) * March 20 – Chet Huntley, American television reporter (b. 1911) * March 21 – Candy Darling, American actress (b. 1944) * March 22 – Peter Revson, American race car driver (b. 1939) * March 27 – Eduardo Santos Montejo, Colombian publisher and politician, 15th President of Colombia (b. 1888) * March 28 – Dorothy Fields, American librettist and lyricist (b. 1904) *
March 29 Events Pre-1600 * 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of Venice. * 1461 – Battle of Towton: Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Edward IV of England, bringing a ...
– Andrea Checchi, Italian actor (''Two Women, La ciociara'') (b. 1916)


April

* April 2 ** Georges Pompidou, 100th Prime Minister of France and 19th President of France, Co-Prince of Andorra (b. 1911) ** Douglass Dumbrille, Canadian actor (b. 1889) *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The Fatimid invasion of Egypt (919–921), second Fatimid invasion of Medieval Egypt, Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, Al-Qa'im (Fa ...
– A. Y. Jackson, Canadian painter and a founding member of the Group of Seven (b. 1882) *
April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. * ...
– Willem Marinus Dudok, Dutch modernist architect (b. 1884) * April 8 – K. A. C. Creswell, English architectural historian (b. 1879) * April 10 – Patricia Collinge, Irish-born American actress (b. 1892) * April 14 – Howard Pease, American adventure novelist (b. 1894) * April 18 ** Betty Compson, American actress (b. 1897) ** Marcel Pagnol, French novelist (b. 1895) * April 19 – Ayub Khan (general), Ayub Khan, Pakistani general and politician, 2nd President of Pakistan (b. 1907) * April 20 – Peter Lee Lawrence, German actor (b. 1944) * April 24 ** Bud Abbott, American comedian (b. 1895) ** Franz Jonas, Austrian political figure, 7th President of Austria (b. 1899) * April 30 – Agnes Moorehead, American actress (b. 1900)


May

* May 7 – Fred Kelly (athlete), Fred Kelly, American Olympic athlete (b. 1891) * May 10 – Takeshi Sakamoto, Japanese actor (b. 1899) * May 13 – Jaime Torres Bodet, Mexican public servant, 2nd Director-General of the UNESCO (b. 1902) * May 14 – Jacob L. Moreno, Romanian-American psychiatrist and psychosociologist (b. 1889) * May 15 – Guy Simonds, Canadian Lieutenant-General, commander of the Canadian Armed Forces in World War II (b. 1903) * May 18 – Harry Ricardo, Sir Harry Ricardo, English mechanical engineer (b. 1885) * May 19 – Allal al-Fassi, Moroccan politician, poet, writer and scholar (b. 1910) * May 20 – Jean Daniélou, French Catholic cardinal, theologian and academic (b. 1905) * May 21 – Lily Kronberger, Hungarian figure skater (b. 1890) * May 24 – Duke Ellington, American jazz pianist and bandleader (b. 1899) * May 25 – Donald Crisp, English-American actor, film director, screenwriter and producer (b. 1882)


June

* June 3 – Rashid Nezhmetdinov, Soviet chess player (b. 1912) * June 4 – Mamerto Urriolagoitía, 43rd President of Bolivia (b. 1895) * June 9 ** Miguel Ángel Asturias, Guatemalan writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899) ** Katharine Cornell, German-born, American stage actress, writer, theatre owner, and producer (b. 1893) ** Carlo Pisacane (actor), Carlo Pisacane, Italian actor (b. 1889) * June 10 – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, 11th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1900) * June 11 ** Eurico Gaspar Dutra, Brazilian marshal and 16th President of Brazil (b. 1883) ** Julius Evola, Italian philosopher (b. 1898) * June 12 – André Marie, French Radical politician, 65th Prime Minister of France (b. 1897) * June 14 – Knud Jeppesen, Danish musicologist, composer, and songwriter (b. 1892) * June 16 – Amalie Sara Colquhoun, Australian painter (b. 1894) * June 17 – Pamela Britton, American actress (b. 1923) * June 18 – Georgy Zhukov, Soviet Army marshal and Minister of Defence (Soviet Union), Minister of Defence (b. 1896) * June 22 – Darius Milhaud, French composer (b. 1892) * June 25 – Cornelius Lanczos, Hungarian mathematician and physicist (b. 1893) * June 26 – Ernest Gruening, American journalist, Governor of Alaska Territory from 1939 to 1953, and United States Senator from 1959 to 1969 (b. 1887) * June 28 ** Vannevar Bush, American engineer, inventor and science administrator (b. 1890) ** Frank Sutton, American actor (b. 1923) * June 29 – José Maria Ferreira de Castro, Portuguese writer and journalist (b. 1898) * June 30 – Alberta Williams King, American civil rights organizer (b. 1903)


July

* July 1 – Juan Perón, Argentine army general and politician, 2-time President of Argentina (b. 1895) * July 4 – Georgette Heyer, British writer (b. 1902) * July 7 – Leon Shamroy, American cinematographer (b. 1901) * July 8 ** Margaret Furse, British costume designer (b. 1911) ** Deborah Gail Stone, Disneyland Employee (b. 1956) * July 9 – Earl Warren, American jurist and politician, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court (b. 1891) * July 11 – Pär Lagerkvist, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891) * July 13 ** Patrick Blackett, British physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897) ** Prince Christian of Schaumburg-Lippe (b. 1898) * July 14 – Carl Spaatz, United States Air Force, U.S. Air Force general (b. 1891) * July 15 – Christine Chubbuck, American TV personality (b. 1944) * July 17 ** Dizzy Dean, American baseball player (St. Louis Cardinals) and a member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1910) ** Edith Alice Macia, Arizona pioneer, postmaster, and undercover FBI agent (b. 1884) * July 19 – Joe Flynn (US actor), Joe Flynn, American actor (b. 1924) * July 22 – Wayne Morse, American lawyer, politician, and United States Senator from Oregon (1945–1969) (b. 1900) * July 24 ** Olimpia Ajakaiye, Polish interior designer, actress and television presenter ** Sir James Chadwick, British physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891) * July 29 ** Cass Elliot, American vocalist (b. 1941) ** Erich Kästner, German author (b. 1899) * July 30 – Lev Knipper, Soviet composer (b. 1898)


August

* August 3 – Edna Murphy, American actress (b. 1899) * August 7 – Rosario Castellanos, Mexican poet and author (b. 1925) * August 8 – Baldur von Schirach, Nazi German Hitler Youth leader (b. 1907) * August 11 – Jan Tschichold, German typographer (b. 1902) * August 13 – Ida McNeil, American broadcaster and designer of the flag of South Dakota (b. 1888) * August 15 – Edmund Cobb, American actor (b. 1892) * August 17 – Aldo Palazzeschi, Italian novelist, poet, journalist and essayist (b. 1885) * August 22 – Jacob Bronowski, Polish-Jewish British mathematician, biologist and science historian (b. 1908) * August 23 – Roberto Assagioli, Italian psychiatrist and pioneer (b. 1888) * August 24 – Alexander P. de Seversky, Russian-American aviation pioneer and inventor (b. 1894) * August 26 – Charles Lindbergh, American aviator (b. 1902) * August 27 – Otto Strasser, Nazi German politician (b. 1897) * August 31 ** Ali bin Abdullah Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (b. 1895) ** Norman Kirk, New Zealand politician, 29th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1923)


September

* September 3 – Harry Partch, American composer (b. 1901) * September 4 ** Creighton Abrams, American general (b. 1914) ** Marcel Achard, French playwright and scriptwriter (b. 1899) * September 6 ** Olga Baclanova, Soviet stage and screen actress, operatic singer, and ballerina (b. c. 1893) ** Otto Kruger, American actor (b. 1885) * September 7 – Juan Antonio Ipiña, Spanish football manager (b. 1912) * September 10 – Melchior Wańkowicz, Polish army officer, writer, journalist, and publisher (b. 1892) * September 12 – Prince Nikita Alexandrovich of Russia (b. 1900) * September 16 – Phog Allen, American basketball and baseball player (b. 1885) * September 18 – Edna Best, British actress (b. 1900) * September 20 – José Mojica, Mexican Franciscan friar, tenor and film actor (b. 1896) * September 21 ** Walter Brennan, American actor (b. 1894) ** Jacqueline Susann, American writer and actress (b. 1918) * September 22 – Winfried Otto Schumann, German physicist (b. 1888) * September 23 – Cliff Arquette, American comedian who created the character ''Charley Weaver'' (b. 1905) * September 26 – Jean Gale, American vaudeville performer (b. 1912) * September 28 – Arnold Fanck, German film director (b. 1889) * September 30 – Carlos Prats, Chilean general and politician (assassinated) (b. 1915)


October

* October 2 – Vasily Shukshin, Soviet actor, writer, screenwriter and director (b. 1929) * October 4 ** Robert Lee Moore, American mathematician (b. 1882) ** Anne Sexton, American poet and writer (b. 1928) * October 5 – Zalman Shazar, 3rd President of Israel (b. 1889) * October 6 – V. K. Krishna Menon, Indian statesman, diplomat and nationalist (b. 1896) * October 8 – Harry Carney, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1910) * October 9 – Oskar Schindler, German businessman and humanitarian (b. 1908) * October 13 ** Josef Krips, Austrian conductor and violinist (b. 1902) ** Ed Sullivan, American television host (b. 1901) * October 14 – Sattar Bahlulzade, Azerbaijani people, Azerbaijani landscape painter (b. 1909) * October 16 – Vlasta Dekanova, Czechoslovak artistic gymnast (b. 1909) * October 17 – Tomotaka Tasaka, Japanese film director (b. 1902) * October 18 – Anders Lange, Norwegian politician (b. 1904) * October 20 – Élie Lescot, 29th President of Haiti, leader in World War II (b. 1883) * October 23 – Melchior Lengyel, Hungarian writer, dramatist and film screenwriter (b. 1880) * October 24 – David Oistrakh, Ukrainian violinist (b. 1908) * October 27 – Paul Frankeur, French actor (b. 1905) * October 30 – Begum Akhtar, Indian singer (b. 1914) * October 31 – Mikheil Chiaureli, Soviet Georgia (country), Georgian filmmaker (b. 1894)


November

* November 5 – Stafford Repp, American actor (b. 1918) * November 7 ** Rodolfo Acosta, Mexican-born American actor (b. 1920) ** Eric Linklater, British author (b. 1899) * November 8 – Ivory Joe Hunter, American rhythm & blues singer, songwriter, and pianist (b. 1914) * November 9 – Egon Wellesz, British composer, teacher and musicologist (b. 1885) * November 11 – Ralf Harolde, American actor (b. 1899) * November 13 ** Vittorio De Sica, Italian actor and film director (b. 1901) ** Karen Silkwood, American chemical technician and labor union activist (b. 1946) * November 14 – Johnny Mack Brown, American football star and actor (b. 1904) * November 15 – Robert Hugo, Duke of Parma (b. 1909) * November 16 – Walther Meissner, German technical physicist (b. 1882) * November 17 ** Erskine Hamilton Childers, Irish politician, 4th President of Ireland (b. 1905) ** Clive Brook, English actor (b. 1887) * November 18 – Gösta Lilliehöök (1884–1974), Gösta Lilliehöök, Swedish pentathlete and 1912 Olympic Games champion (b. 1884) * November 19 – Alessandro Momo, Italian actor (b. 1956) * November 21 – Frank Martin (composer), Frank Martin, Swiss composer (b. 1890) * November 23 ** Cornelius Ryan, Irish-born American writer (b. 1920) ** Massacre of the Sixty in Ethiopia of government and military officials. *** Abiye Abebe, politician and army officer (b. 1918) *** Aklilu Habte-Wold, politician and 6th Prime Minister of Ethiopia (b. 1912) *** Aman Andom, army officer and 1st List of Presidents of Ethiopia, President of Ethiopia (b. 1924) *** Asrate Medhin Kassa, aristocrat and army officer (b. 1922) *** Endelkachew Makonnen, politician and 4th Prime Minister of Ethiopia (b. 1927) * November 25 ** Nick Drake, British musician (b. 1948) ** U Thant, Burmese diplomat and 3rd Secretary-General of the United Nations (b. 1909) * November 26 – Cyril Connolly, English critic and writer (b. 1903) * November 28 – Konstantin Melnikov, Soviet architect (b. 1890) * November 29 ** James J. Braddock, American boxer (b. 1905) ** Peng Dehuai, Chinese military leader (b. 1898)


December

* December 1 – Anita Brenner, Mexican anthropologist, historian and author (b. 1905) * December 3 – Hans Leibelt, German film actor (b. 1885) * December 5 ** Pietro Germi, Italian actor, screenwriter and director (b. 1914) ** Zaharia Stancu, Romanian prose writer (b. 1902) ** Hazel Hotchkiss Wightman, American tennis player (b. 1886) * December 6 – Nikolay Gerasimovich Kuznetsov, Russian admiral (b. 1904) * December 9 – Ludwig Weber, Austrian bass (b. 1899) * December 10 – Paul Richards (actor), Paul Richards, American actor, ''Beneath the Planet of the Apes'' (b. 1924) * December 11 ** Maravillas de Jesús, Spanish Roman Catholic professed member of the Discalced Carmelites and saint (b. 1891) ** Reed Hadley, American actor (b. 1911) * December 13 – John G. Bennett, British mathematician (b. 1897) * December 14 – Walter Lippmann, American writer and journalist (b. 1889) * December 15 – Anatole Litvak, Ukrainian-born film director (b. 1902) * December 16 – Kostas Varnalis, Greek poet (b. 1884) * December 17 – Bing Slamet, Indonesian singer, songwriter, comedian and actor (b. 1927) * December 18 – Harry Hooper, American baseball player (Boston Red Sox) and a member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1887) * December 20 – André Jolivet, French composer (b. 1905) * December 21 – Richard Long (actor), Richard Long, American actor (b. 1927) * December 26 ** Jack Benny, American actor (b. 1894) ** Frank Hussey, American Olympic athlete (b. 1905) * December 27 ** Vladimir Fock, Soviet physicist (b. 1898) ** Ned Maddrell, last surviving first language, native speaker of the Manx language (b. 1877) * December 29 – Robert Ellis (actor, born 1892), Robert Ellis, American actor (b. 1892) * December 31 – Robert Pache, Swiss footballer (b. 1897)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Sir Martin Ryle, Antony Hewish * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Paul Flory * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Medicine – Albert Claude, Christian de Duve, George Emil Palade * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Eyvind Johnson, Harry Martinson * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Seán MacBride, Eisaku Satō * Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Economics – Gunnar Myrdal, Friedrich Hayek


References

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