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January–February

*
January 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. * 1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 * 1761 – The Third Battle of Panipat is fought in I ...
– The First Minister of
Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ; ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland. It has been #Descriptions, variously described as a country, province or region. Northern Ireland shares Repub ...
and the
Taoiseach The Taoiseach (, ) is the head of government or prime minister of Republic of Ireland, Ireland. The office is appointed by the President of Ireland upon nomination by Dáil Éireann (the lower house of the Oireachtas, Ireland's national legisl ...
of the
Republic of Ireland Ireland ( ), also known as the Republic of Ireland (), is a country in Northwestern Europe, north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 Counties of Ireland, counties of the island of Ireland, with a population of about 5.4 million. ...
meet for the first time in 43 years. *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. *1156 – Finnish peasant Lalli kills English clergyman Henry (bishop of Finland), Henry, the Bishop of Turku, on the ice of Köyliönjärvi, Lake Köyli� ...
**
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), also known as LBJ, was the 36th president of the United States, serving from 1963 to 1969. He became president after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, under whom he had served a ...
is sworn in for a full term as President of the United States. **
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...
n President
Sukarno Sukarno (6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader of the Indonesian struggle for independenc ...
announces the withdrawal of the Indonesian government from the United Nations. *
January 29 Events Pre-1600 * 904 – Sergius III is elected pope, after coming out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed antipope Christopher. * 946 – Caliph al-Mustakfi is blinded and deposed by Mu'izz al-Dawla, ruler ...
Hakametsä, the first ice rink of Finland, is inaugurated in
Tampere Tampere is a city in Finland and the regional capital of Pirkanmaa. It is located in the Finnish Lakeland. The population of Tampere is approximately , while the metropolitan area has a population of approximately . It is the most populous mu ...
. *
January 30 Events Pre-1600 * 1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. * 1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 * 1607 – An es ...
– The
state funeral A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony, observing the strict rules of protocol, held to honour people of national significance. State funerals usually include much pomp and ceremony as well as religious overtones and distinctive elements o ...
of Sir
Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British statesman, military officer, and writer who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 (Winston Churchill in the Second World War, ...
takes place in London with the largest assembly of dignitaries in the world until the 2005 funeral of
Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II (born Karol Józef Wojtyła; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 16 October 1978 until Death and funeral of Pope John Paul II, his death in 2005. In his you ...
. *
February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...
Trofim Lysenko Trofim Denisovich Lysenko (; , ; 20 November 1976) was a Soviet agronomist and scientist.''An ill-educated agronomist with huge ambitions, Lysenko failed to become a real scientist, but greatly succeeded in exposing of the “bourgeois enemies o ...
is removed from his post as director of the Institute of Genetics at the Academy of Sciences in the Soviet Union. Lysenkoist theories are now treated as pseudoscience. *
February 12 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Pope Urban II confirms the foundation of the abbey of La Roë under Robert of Arbrissel as a community of canons regular. * 1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sofia performed the first post- ...
– The African and Malagasy Common Organization ('; OCAM) is formed as successor to the Afro-Malagasy Union for Economic Cooperation ('; UAMCE), formerly the
African and Malagasy Union The African and Malagasy Union (AMU) () was an intergovernmental organization created to promote cooperation among newly independent states in Francophone Africa. The organization derives its name from the name of the continent of Africa and from ...
('; UAM). *
February 15 Events Pre-1600 * 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus * 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia. * 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Ti ...
– The
maple leaf The maple leaf is the characteristic leaf of the maple tree. It is most widely recognized as the national symbols of Canada, national symbol of Canada. History of use in Canada By the early 1700s, the maple leaf had been adopted as an emblem by ...
is adopted as the
flag of Canada The National Flag of Canada (), popularly referred to as The Maple Leaf or l'Unifolié (), consists of a red field with a white square at its centre in the ratio of , in which is featured one stylized, red, 11-pointed maple leaf Charge (hera ...
, replacing the
Canadian Red Ensign The Canadian Red Ensign () served as a nautical flag and civil ensign for Canada from 1892 to 1965, and later as the ''de facto'' flag of Canada before 1965. The flag is a British Red Ensign, with the Royal Union Flag in the canton (flag), canto ...
flag. *
February 18 Events Pre-1600 * 3102 BC – Kali Yuga, the fourth and final yuga of Hinduism, starts with the death of Krishna. * 1229 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining J ...
The Gambia The Gambia, officially the Republic of The Gambia, is a country in West Africa. Geographically, The Gambia is the List of African countries by area, smallest country in continental Africa; it is surrounded by Senegal on all sides except for ...
becomes independent from the United Kingdom. *
February 20 Events Pre-1600 *1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated. *1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawn (law), pawned by Norway to S ...
** ''
Ranger 8 Ranger 8 was a lunar probe in the Ranger program, a robotic spacecraft series launched by NASA in the early-to-mid-1960s to obtain the first close-up images of the Moon's surface. These pictures helped select landing sites for Apollo missions and ...
'' crashes into the Moon, after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the
Apollo program The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the United States human spaceflight program led by NASA, which Moon landing, landed the first humans on the Moon in 1969. Apollo followed Project Mercury that put the first Americans in sp ...
astronaut An astronaut (from the Ancient Greek (), meaning 'star', and (), meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a List of human spaceflight programs, human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member of a spa ...
s. **
Suat Hayri Ürgüplü Ali Suat Hayri Ürgüplü (13 August 1903 – 26 December 1981) was a Turkish politician who served a brief term as Prime Minister of Turkey in 1965. He was also the last Prime Minister to be born outside the territory of present-day Turkey, be ...
forms the new (interim) government of
Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...
(29th government). *
February 21 Events Pre-1600 * 452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. * 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. * 1440 – The ...
Malcolm X Malcolm X (born Malcolm Little, later el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz; May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965) was an African American revolutionary, Islam in the United States, Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent figur ...
is gunned down while giving a speech at the Audubon Ballroom in Harlem.


March–April

*
March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
:
Operation Rolling Thunder Operation Rolling Thunder was a gradual and sustained aerial bombardment campaign conducted by the United States (U.S.) 2nd Air Division (later Seventh Air Force), U.S. Navy, and Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF) against North Vietnam from 2 ...
– The
United States Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the Air force, air service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is one of the six United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Tracing its ori ...
2nd Air Division,
United States Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare, maritime military branch, service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is the world's most powerful navy with the largest Displacement (ship), displacement, at 4.5 millio ...
and South Vietnamese air force begin a 3-year aerial bombardment campaign against
North Vietnam North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; ; VNDCCH), was a country in Southeast Asia from 1945 to 1976, with sovereignty fully recognized in 1954 Geneva Conference, 1954. A member of the communist Eastern Bloc, it o ...
. *
March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. * 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cobl ...
**
Mass in the Catholic Church The Mass is the central Catholic liturgy, liturgical service of the Eucharist in the Catholic Church, in which bread and wine are Consecration#Eucharist, consecrated and become the body and blood of Christ. As defined by the Church at the Counci ...
worldwide is said in local languages (rather than Latin) for the first time. ** " Bloody Sunday": Some 200 Alabama State Troopers attack 525 civil rights demonstrators in
Selma, Alabama Selma is a city in and the county seat of Dallas County, in the Black Belt region of south central Alabama and extending to the west. Located on the banks of the Alabama River, the city has a population of 17,971 as of the 2020 census. Abou ...
, as they attempt to march to the state capitol of Montgomery. *
March 8 Events Pre-1600 * 1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem '' Shahnameh''. * 1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León. * 1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between ...
– Vietnam War: Some 3,500
United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines or simply the Marines, is the Marines, maritime land force service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is responsible for conducting expedi ...
arrive in
Da Nang Da Nang or DanangSee also Danang Dragons (, ) is the fifth-largest city in Vietnam by municipal population. It lies on the coast of the Western Pacific Ocean of Vietnam at the mouth of the Hàn River, and is one of Vietnam's most important p ...
,
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (RVN; , VNCH), was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975. It first garnered Diplomatic recognition, international recognition in 1949 as the State of Vietnam within the ...
, becoming the first American ground combat troops in
Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...
. *
March 9 Events Pre-1600 *141 BC – Liu Che, Posthumous name, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China. *1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the Annals of Quedlinburg, annals of the mo ...
– The " Turnaround Tuesday" march from Selma to
Montgomery, Alabama Montgomery is the List of capitals in the United States, capital city of the U.S. state of Alabama. Named for Continental Army major general Richard Montgomery, it stands beside the Alabama River on the Gulf Coastal Plain. The population was 2 ...
, under the leadership of
Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. (born Michael King Jr.; January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister, civil and political rights, civil rights activist and political philosopher who was a leader of the civil rights move ...
, stops at the site of "Bloody Sunday", to hold a prayer service and return to Selma, in obedience to a court
restraining order A restraining order or protective order is an order used by a court to protect a person in a situation often involving alleged domestic violence, child abuse and neglect, assault, harassment, stalking, or sexual assault. Restraining and perso ...
. On the same day,
White supremacist White supremacy is the belief that white people are superior to those of other races. The belief favors the maintenance and defense of any power and privilege held by white people. White supremacy has roots in the now-discredited doctrine ...
s attack three white ministers, leaving Unitarian Universalist minister James J. Reeb in a coma. *
March 10 Events Pre-1600 * 241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates: The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end. * 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian concludes his campaign in North Africa and makes ...
– An engagement is announced between
Princess Margriet of the Netherlands Princess Margriet of the Netherlands (Margriet Francisca; born 19 January 1943) is the third daughter of Queen Juliana and Prince Bernhard. As an aunt of the reigning monarch, King Willem-Alexander, she is a member of the Dutch Royal House a ...
and
Pieter van Vollenhoven Pieter van Vollenhoven Jr. (born 30 April 1939) is the husband of Princess Margriet of the Netherlands and a member, by marriage, of the Dutch royal house. Early life and career Van Vollenhoven was born in Schiedam, he is the second son of Pi ...
, who will become the first commoner and the first Dutchman to marry into the
Dutch royal family The monarchy of the Netherlands is governed by the country's charter and constitution, roughly a third of which explains the mechanics of succession, accession, and abdication; the roles and duties of the monarch; the formalities of communica ...
. *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ar ...
Cosmonaut An astronaut (from the Ancient Greek (), meaning 'star', and (), meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a List of human spaceflight programs, human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member of a spa ...
Alexei Leonov Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov. (30 May 1934 – 11 October 2019) was a Soviet and Russian cosmonaut and aviator, Soviet Air Forces, Air Force major general, writer, and artist. On 18 March 1965, he became the first person to conduct a Extravehic ...
leaves his
Voskhod 2 Voskhod 2 () was a Soviet crewed space mission in March 1965. The Vostok-based Voskhod 3KD spacecraft with two crew members on board, Pavel Belyayev and Alexei Leonov, was equipped with an inflatable airlock. It established another milestone ...
spacecraft for 12 minutes, becoming the first person to walk in space. *
March 20 Events Pre-1600 *1206 – Michael IV of Constantinople, Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. *1600 – The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden: five Swedish n ...
** "
Poupée de cire, poupée de son "Poupée de cire, poupée de son" (; English: "Wax doll, rag doll") recorded by French singer France Gall with music composed and French lyrics written by Serge Gainsbourg. It in the Eurovision Song Contest 1965 held in Naples, winning the ...
", sung by
France Gall Isabelle Geneviève Marie Anne Gall (9 October 1947 – 7 January 2018), known professionally as France Gall, was a French ''yé-yé'' singer. In 1965, at the age of 17, she won the Eurovision Song Contest 1965, tenth edition of the Eurov ...
(music and lyrics by
Serge Gainsbourg Serge Gainsbourg (; born Lucien Ginsburg; 2 April 1928 – 2 March 1991) was a French singer-songwriter, actor, composer, and director. Regarded as one of the most important figures in French pop, he was renowned for often provocative rel ...
), wins the
Eurovision Song Contest 1965 The Eurovision Song Contest 1965 was the 10th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest, held on 20 March 1965 in the in Naples, Italy and presented by Renata Mauro. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster (RAI), t ...
(staged in Naples) for
Luxembourg Luxembourg, officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a landlocked country in Western Europe. It is bordered by Belgium to the west and north, Germany to the east, and France on the south. Its capital and most populous city, Luxembour ...
. ** The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 begins. *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 * 1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. * 1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the las ...
** Events of March 23, 1965: Large student demonstration in Morocco, joined by discontented masses, meets with violent police and military repression. **
Gemini 3 Gemini 3 was the first crewed mission in NASA's Project Gemini and was the first time two American astronauts flew together into space. On March 23, 1965, astronauts Gus Grissom and John Young flew three low Earth orbits in their spacecraft, ...
:
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, US federal government responsible for the United States ...
launches the United States' first 2-person crew (
Gus Grissom Virgil Ivan "Gus" Grissom (April 3, 1926 – January 27, 1967) was an American engineer and pilot in the United States Air Force, as well as one of the original Mercury Seven selected by the NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration fo ...
, John Young) into Earth orbit. **The first issue of '' The Vigilant'' is published from
Khartoum Khartoum or Khartum is the capital city of Sudan as well as Khartoum State. With an estimated population of 7.1 million people, Greater Khartoum is the largest urban area in Sudan. Khartoum is located at the confluence of the White Nile – flo ...
. *
March 25 Until 1752 it was the official date of the beginning of the year in England and its dominions (in the Julian calendar). Events Pre-1600 * 410 – The Southern Yan capital of Guanggu falls to the Jin dynasty general Liu Yu, ending th ...
– Martin Luther King Jr. and 25,000 civil rights activists successfully end the 4-day march from Selma, Alabama, to the capitol in Montgomery. *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Did ...
– At least 400 are killed or missing after an earthquake triggered a series of dam failures in La Ligua, Chile. *
March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Avar–Byzantine wars: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic army is decimated by the plague. * 1282 ...
– The second
ODECA The Central American Integration System (, or SICA) has been the economic and political organization of Central American states since 1 February 1993. On 13 December 1991, the ODECA countries (Spanish: ''Organización de Estados Centroamericano ...
charter, signed by Central American states on December 12, 1962, becomes effective. *
April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. * 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. * 1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created. ...
– The world's first space nuclear power reactor, ''
SNAP-10A SNAP-10A (Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power, aka Snapshot for Space Nuclear Auxiliary Power Shot, also known as OPS 4682) was a US experimental nuclear powered satellite launched into space in 1965 as part of the SNAPSHOT program.low Earth orbit A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an geocentric orbit, orbit around Earth with a orbital period, period of 128 minutes or less (making at least 11.25 orbits per day) and an orbital eccentricity, eccentricity less than 0.25. Most of the artificial object ...
. *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The Fatimid invasion of Egypt (919–921), second Fatimid invasion of Medieval Egypt, Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, Al-Qa'im (Fa ...
– At the
37th Academy Awards The 37th Academy Awards were held on April 5, 1965, to honor film achievements of 1964. The ceremony was produced by MGM's Joe Pasternak and hosted, for the 14th time, by Bob Hope. The Best Picture winner, George Cukor's ''My Fair Lady'', w ...
, ''
My Fair Lady ''My Fair Lady'' is a musical theatre, musical with a book and lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner and music by Frederick Loewe. The story, based on George Bernard Shaw's 1913 play ''Pygmalion (play), Pygmalion'' and on the Pygmalion (1938 film), 1938 film ...
'' wins 8 Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director.
Rex Harrison Sir Reginald Carey Harrison (5 March 1908 – 2 June 1990) was an English actor. Harrison began his career on the stage at the Liverpool Playhouse in 1924. He made his West End debut in 1936 appearing in the Terence Rattigan play '' French W ...
wins an Oscar for Best Actor. ''
Mary Poppins Mary Poppins may refer to: * Mary Poppins (character), a nanny with magical powers * Mary Poppins (franchise), based on the fictional nanny ** Mary Poppins (book series), ''Mary Poppins'' (book series), the original 1934–1988 children's fanta ...
'' takes home 5 Oscars.
Julie Andrews Dame Julie Andrews (born Julia Elizabeth Wells; 1 October 1935) is an English actress, singer, and author. She has garnered numerous accolades throughout her career spanning over eight decades, including an Academy Award, a British Academy Fi ...
wins an
Academy Award for Best Actress The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It has been awarded since the 1st Academy Awards to an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a lead ...
for her performance in the title role.
Sherman Brothers The Sherman Brothers were an American songwriting duo that specialized in musical films, made up of brothers Robert Sherman (December 19, 1925 – March 6, 2012) and Richard Sherman (June 12, 1928 – May 25, 2024). Together they received ...
receives 2 Oscars including Best Song, "
Chim Chim Cher-ee "Chim Chim Cher-ee" is a song from ''Mary Poppins (film), Mary Poppins'', the 1964 musical film, and is also featured in the 2004 Mary Poppins (musical), ''Mary Poppins'' musical. The song won the 1964 Academy Award for Best Original Song. In ...
". *
April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. * ...
– The
Intelsat I Intelsat I (nicknamed Early Bird for the proverb "The early bird catches the worm") was the first commercial communications satellite to be placed in geosynchronous orbit, on April 6, 1965. It was built by the Space and Communications Group of ...
("Early Bird")
communications satellite A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunication signals via a Transponder (satellite communications), transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a Rad ...
is launched. It becomes operational
May 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1194 – King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first royal charter. * 1230 – William de Braose is hanged by Prince Llywelyn the Great. * 1536 – Anne Boleyn, Queen of England, is arrested and impris ...
and is placed in commercial service in
June June is the sixth and current month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars—the latter the most widely used calendar in the world. Its length is 30 days. June succeeds May and precedes July. This month marks the start of su ...
. *
April 9 Events Pre-1600 * 193 – The distinguished soldier Septimius Severus is proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum. * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, ...
– The West German parliament extends the
statute of limitations A statute of limitations, known in civil law systems as a prescriptive period, is a law passed by a legislative body to set the maximum time after an event within which legal proceedings may be initiated. ("Time for commencing proceedings") In ...
on
Nazi Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During H ...
war crime A war crime is a violation of the laws of war that gives rise to individual criminal responsibility for actions by combatants in action, such as intentionally killing civilians or intentionally killing prisoners of war, torture, taking hostage ...
s. *
April 12 Events Pre-1600 * 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I. * 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
– A historic and extremely destructive tornado outbreak struck the Midwest region of the United States, killing 266. *
April 18 Events Pre-1600 * 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days. * 1428 – Peace of Ferrara ...
– Consecration of Saint
Clement of Ohrid Saint Clement (or Kliment) of Ohrid ( Bulgarian, Macedonian, , ''Kliment Ohridski''; , ''Klḗmēs tē̂s Akhrídas''; ; – 916) was one of the first medieval Bulgarian saints, scholar, writer, and apostle to the Slavs. He was one of the mos ...
Macedonian Orthodox Cathedral in Toronto, Canada. *
April 23 Events Pre-1600 * 215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene. *599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in so ...
– The
Pennine Way The Pennine Way is a National Trail in England, with a small section in Scotland. The trail stretches for from Edale, in the northern Derbyshire Peak District, north through the Yorkshire Dales and Northumberland National Park and ends at Kir ...
officially opens. *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). * 1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
** The
1965 Yerevan demonstrations The 1965 Yerevan demonstrations took place in Yerevan, Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, Armenia on 24 April 1965, on the 50th anniversary of the Armenian genocide. It is said that this event constitutes the first step in the struggle for the r ...
start in Yerevan, demanding recognition of the
Armenian genocide The Armenian genocide was the systematic destruction of the Armenians, Armenian people and identity in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Spearheaded by the ruling Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), it was implemented primarily t ...
. ** The bodies of Portuguese opposition politician
Humberto Delgado Humberto da Silva Delgado (Portuguese pronunciation: �ˈbɛɾtu dɛɫˈɡadu 15 May 1906 – 13 February 1965) was a General of the Portuguese Air Force, diplomat and politician. Early life and military career Delgado was born in Brogueira, To ...
and his secretary Arajaryr Moreira de Campos are found in a forest near Villanueva del Fresno, Spain (they were killed
February 12 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Pope Urban II confirms the foundation of the abbey of La Roë under Robert of Arbrissel as a community of canons regular. * 1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sofia performed the first post- ...
). ** In the
Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles of the Caribbean Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean. It shares a Maritime boundary, maritime border with Puerto Rico to the east and ...
, officers and civilians loyal to deposed President Juan Bosch mutiny against the right-wing junta running the country, setting up a
provisional government A provisional government, also called an interim government, an emergency government, a transitional government or provisional leadership, is a temporary government formed to manage a period of transition, often following state collapse, revoluti ...
. Forces loyal to the deposed military-imposed government stage a countercoup the next day, and civil war breaks out, although the new government retains its hold on power. *
April 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. * 1478 – The Pazzi family attack on Lorenzo de' Medici in order to displace the ruling Medici family kills his brother Giuliano during High Mass in Fl ...
Rede Globo TV Globo (stylized as tvglobo; , ), formerly known as Rede Globo de Televisão (; shortened to Rede Globo) or simply known as Globo, is a Brazilian free-to-air television network, launched by media proprietor Roberto Marinho on 26 April 1965 ...
is founded in
Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, or simply Rio, is the capital of the Rio de Janeiro (state), state of Rio de Janeiro. It is the List of cities in Brazil by population, second-most-populous city in Brazil (after São Paulo) and the Largest cities in the America ...
,
Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
. *
April 28 Events Pre-1600 * 224 – The Battle of Hormozdgan is fought. Ardashir I defeats and kills Artabanus V, effectively ending the Parthian Empire. * 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victor ...
** U.S. troops occupy the Dominican Republic. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: Prime Minister of Australia
Robert Menzies The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' () "fame, glory, honour, praise, reno ...
announces that the country will substantially increase its number of troops in
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (RVN; , VNCH), was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975. It first garnered Diplomatic recognition, international recognition in 1949 as the State of Vietnam within the ...
, supposedly at the request of the
Saigon Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) ('','' TP.HCM; ), commonly known as Saigon (; ), is the most populous city in Vietnam with a population of around 14 million in 2025. The city's geography is defined by rivers and canals, of which the largest is Saigo ...
government (it is later revealed that Menzies had asked the leadership in Saigon to send the request at the behest of the Americans). *
April 29 Events Pre-1600 * 801 – An earthquake in the Central Apennines hits Rome and Spoleto, damaging the basilica of San Paolo Fuori le Mura. * 1091 – Battle of Levounion: The Pechenegs are defeated by Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Kom ...
– Australia announces that it is sending an
infantry Infantry, or infantryman are a type of soldier who specialize in ground combat, typically fighting dismounted. Historically the term was used to describe foot soldiers, i.e. those who march and fight on foot. In modern usage, the term broadl ...
battalion to support the
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (RVN; , VNCH), was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975. It first garnered Diplomatic recognition, international recognition in 1949 as the State of Vietnam within the ...
government.


May–June

*
May 1 Events Pre-1600 * 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor. * 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches. * 1169 & ...
** Bob Askin replaces
Jack Renshaw John Brophy Renshaw (8 August 190928 July 1987) was an Australian politician. He was Labor Premier of New South Wales from 30 April 1964 to 13 May 1965. He was the first New South Wales Premier born in the 20th century. Early life Jack Rensh ...
as Premier of
New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South ...
. ** The Battle of Dong-Yin occurs as a conflict between
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...
and the People's Republic of China. *
May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. * 1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. * 1386 – England and Portugal formall ...
– Pianist
Vladimir Horowitz Vladimir Samoylovich Horowitz (November 5, 1989) was a Russian and American pianist. Considered one of the greatest pianists of all time, he was known for his virtuoso technique, timbre, and the public excitement engendered by his playing. Life ...
returns to the stage after a 12-year absence, performing a legendary concert in
Carnegie Hall Carnegie Hall ( ) is a concert venue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It is at 881 Seventh Avenue (Manhattan), Seventh Avenue, occupying the east side of Seventh Avenue between 56th Street (Manhattan), 56th and 57th Street (Manhattan), 57t ...
in New York. *
May 12 Events Pre-1600 * 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism. * 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the ...
–West Germany and
Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...
establish diplomatic relations. *
May 25 Events Pre-1600 * 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. * 240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes ...
Muhammad Ali Muhammad Ali (; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and social activist. A global cultural icon, widely known by the nickname "The Greatest", he is often regarded as the gr ...
knocks out
Sonny Liston Charles L. "Sonny" Liston ( – December 30, 1970), nicknamed "the Big Bear", was an American professional boxer who competed from 1953 to 1970. A dominant contender of his era, he became the undisputed world heavyweight champion in 1962 after k ...
in the first round of their championship rematch with the " Phantom Punch" at the Central Maine Civic Center in Lewiston. *
May 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. * 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. * 1153 &nda ...
Internazionale Football Club Internazionale Milano, commonly referred to as Internazionale () or simply Inter, and colloquially known as Inter Milan in English-speaking countries, is an Italian professional football club based in Milan, Lombardy. Since 1 ...
beats Benfica 1–0 at the
San Siro San Siro is a football stadium in the San Siro district of Milan, Italy. It has a seating capacity of 75,817, making it the largest stadium in Italy and one of the largest stadiums in Europe. It is the home stadium of the city's principal ...
,
Milan Milan ( , , ; ) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, the largest city in Italy by urban area and the List of cities in Italy, second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of nea ...
and wins the 1964-65 European Cup in Association football. *
May 29 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – The Roman emperor Julian defeats the Sasanian army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Sasanian capital, but is unable to take the city. * 1108 – Battle of Uclés: Almoravid troops unde ...
– A mining accident in
Dhanbad Dhanbad is the second-most populated city in the Indian state of Jharkhand after Jamshedpur and a major financial hub of Jharkhand. In terms of economy, Dhanbad has the largest economy in the state of Jharkhand and it is often referred to as th ...
, India, kills 274. *
May 31 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome. * 1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by th ...
– Scottish
racing driver Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition. In North America, the term is commonly used to describe all forms of automobile sport including non ...
Jim Clark James Clark (4 March 1936 – 7 April 1968) was a British racing driver from Scotland, who competed in Formula One from to . Clark won two Formula One World Drivers' Championship titles with Lotus, and—at the time of his death—held the ...
wins the
Indianapolis 500 The Indianapolis 500, formally known as the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, and commonly shortened to Indy 500, is an annual automobile race held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana, United States, an enclave suburb of Indian ...
, later this year winning the
Formula One Formula One (F1) is the highest class of worldwide racing for open-wheel single-seater formula Auto racing, racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The FIA Formula One World Championship has been one ...
world driving championship. *
June 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king of Castile and León. * 1298 – Residents of Riga and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian Order in the Battle of Turaida. * 1495 – A monk, John Cor, rec ...
– A
coal mine Coal mining is the process of resource extraction, extracting coal from the ground or from a mine. Coal is valued for its Energy value of coal, energy content and since the 1880s has been widely used to Electricity generation, generate electr ...
explosion in
Fukuoka is the List of Japanese cities by population, sixth-largest city in Japan and the capital city of Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. The city is built along the shores of Hakata Bay, and has been a center of international commerce since ancient times. ...
, Japan, kills 237. *
June 2 Events Pre-1600 * 260 – Sima Zhao's regicide of Cao Mao: The figurehead Wei emperor Cao Mao personally leads an attempt to oust his regent, Sima Zhao; the attempted coup is crushed and the emperor killed. * 455 – Sack of Rome: ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: The first contingent of Australian combat troops arrives in
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (RVN; , VNCH), was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975. It first garnered Diplomatic recognition, international recognition in 1949 as the State of Vietnam within the ...
. *
June 7 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire). * 879 – Pope John VIII recognises the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state. * 1002 – He ...
Kakanj mine disaster: A mining accident in
Kakanj Kakanj ( sr-cyrl, Какањ) is a town and municipality located in Zenica-Doboj Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the Europe's oldest continuously inhabitted settlement. As of 2013, ...
,
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...
, results in 128 deaths. *
June 10 Events Pre-1600 * 671 – Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock ( clepsydra) called ''Rokoku''. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu. * 1190 – Third Crusade: Frederic ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
Battle of Dong Xoai A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force c ...
: About 1,500
Viet Cong The Viet Cong (VC) was an epithet and umbrella term to refer to the communist-driven armed movement and united front organization in South Vietnam. It was formally organized as and led by the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam, and ...
mount a mortar attack on
Đồng Xoài Đồng Xoài () is the capital city of Bình Phước Province in the Southeast region of Vietnam. The city was the site of the 1965 Battle of Đồng Xoài during the Vietnam War. As of 2019, the district had a population of 168,000, and a ...
, overrunning its military headquarters and the adjoining militia compound. *
June 19 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The original Nicene Creed is adopted at the First Council of Nicaea. * 1179 – The Battle of Kalvskinnet takes place outside Nidaros (now Trondheim), Norway. Earl Erling Skakke is killed, and the battle cha ...
**
Houari Boumediene Houari is a given name and surname. It may refer to: Persons Given name *Houari Boumédiène, also transcribed Boumediene, Boumedienne etc. (1932–1978), served as Chairman of the Revolutionary Council of Algeria from 19 June 1965 until 12 Decembe ...
's Revolutionary Council ousts
Ahmed Ben Bella Ahmed Ben Bella (; 25 December 1916 – 11 April 2012) was an Algerian politician, soldier and socialist revolutionary who served as the head of government of Algeria from 27 September 1962 to 15 September 1963 and then the first president of ...
, in a bloodless coup in
Algeria Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered to Algeria–Tunisia border, the northeast by Tunisia; to Algeria–Libya border, the east by Libya; to Alger ...
. ** Air Marshal Nguyen Cao Ky, head of the South Vietnamese Air Force, was appointed prime minister at the head of the military junta, with General
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu Nguyễn Văn Thiệu (; 5 April 1923 – 29 September 2001) was a South Vietnam, South Vietnamese military officer and politician who was the Leaders of South Vietnam, president of South Vietnam from 1967 to 1975. He was a general in the Repub ...
becoming a figurehead president, ending two years of short-lived military juntas. * June 20 – Police in Algiers break up demonstrations by people who have taken to the streets chanting slogans in support of deposed President
Ahmed Ben Bella Ahmed Ben Bella (; 25 December 1916 – 11 April 2012) was an Algerian politician, soldier and socialist revolutionary who served as the head of government of Algeria from 27 September 1962 to 15 September 1963 and then the first president of ...
. * June 22 – The Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea is signed in Tokyo. * June 25 – A U.S. Air Force Boeing C-135 Stratolifter bound for Okinawa crashes just after takeoff at MCAS El Toro in Orange County, California, killing all 85 on board.


July–August

* July – The Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth secretariat is created. * July 14 – U.S. spacecraft ''Mariner 4'' flies by Mars, becoming the first spacecraft to return images from the Red Planet. * July 15 – Greek Prime minister Georgios Papandreou and his government are dismissed by King Constantine II of Greece, Constantine II. * July 16 – The Mont Blanc Tunnel, a highway tunnel between France and Italy, is inaugurated by presidents Giuseppe Saragat and Charles de Gaulle. * July 24 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: Four F-4 Phantom II, F-4C Phantoms escorting a Strategic bombing, bombing raid at Kang Chi are targeted by antiaircraft missiles, in the first such attack against American planes in the war. One is shot down and the other 3 sustain damage. * July 26 – The Maldives obtains full independence from Great Britain. * July 27 – Edward Heath becomes Leader of the British Conservative Party (UK), Conservative Party. * July 28 – Vietnam War: U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), also known as LBJ, was the 36th president of the United States, serving from 1963 to 1969. He became president after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, under whom he had served a ...
announces his order to increase the number of United States troops in
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (RVN; , VNCH), was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975. It first garnered Diplomatic recognition, international recognition in 1949 as the State of Vietnam within the ...
from 75,000 to 125,000, and to more than double the number of men drafted per month - from 17,000 to 35,000. * July 30 – War on Poverty: U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), also known as LBJ, was the 36th president of the United States, serving from 1963 to 1969. He became president after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, under whom he had served a ...
signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare (United States), Medicare and Medicaid. * August 7 – Tunku Abdul Rahman, Prime Minister of Malaysia, recommends the expulsion of Singapore from the Malaysia, Federation of Malaysia following a deterioration of PAP–UMNO relations, negotiating its separation with Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore. * August 9 ** Proclamation of Singapore: Singapore is expelled from the Federation of Malaysia, which recognises it as a Sovereignty, sovereign nation. Lee Kuan Yew announces Singapore's independence and assumes the position of Prime Minister of the new island nation – a position he holds until 1990. ** An explosion at an Arkansas missile plant kills 53. **
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...
n president
Sukarno Sukarno (6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader of the Indonesian struggle for independenc ...
collapses in public. * August 11 – Watts riots, Racial rioting in the Los Angeles, California neighborhood of Watts, Los Angeles, Watts breaks out after an African American motorist, Marquette Frye, is stopped on suspicion of drunken driving. Six days of unrest are quelled by over 14,000 members of the California National Guard. There are 34 deaths and over $40 million in property damage. It is the largest and costliest urban rebellion of the Civil rights movement, Civil Rights movement. * August 18 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: Operation Starlite – 5,500
United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines or simply the Marines, is the Marines, maritime land force service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is responsible for conducting expedi ...
destroy a
Viet Cong The Viet Cong (VC) was an epithet and umbrella term to refer to the communist-driven armed movement and united front organization in South Vietnam. It was formally organized as and led by the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam, and ...
stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in Quảng Ngãi Province, in the first major American ground battle of the war. The Marines were tipped off by a Viet Cong deserter who said that there was an attack planned against the U.S. base at Chu Lai. * August 19 – At the conclusion of the Frankfurt Auschwitz trials, 66 ex-SS personnel receive life sentences, 15 others shorter ones. * August 21 –
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, US federal government responsible for the United States ...
launches Gemini 5 (Gordon Cooper, Pete Conrad) on the first 1-week space flight, as well as the first test of fuel cells for electrical power on such a mission. * August 30 – An avalanche buries a dam construction site at Saas-Fee, Switzerland, killing 90 workers. * August 31 – U.S. President Johnson signs a law penalizing the burning of draft cards with up to 5 years in prison and a $1,000 fine.


September–October

* September 2 **Pakistani troops enter the Indian sector of Kashmir, while Indian troops counter at Lahore. ** The People's Republic of China announces that it will reinforce its troops on the Indian border. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: In a follow-up to August's Operation Starlite,
United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines or simply the Marines, is the Marines, maritime land force service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is responsible for conducting expedi ...
and
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (RVN; , VNCH), was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975. It first garnered Diplomatic recognition, international recognition in 1949 as the State of Vietnam within the ...
ese forces initiate Operation Piranha on the Batangan Peninsula, south of the Chu Lai Marine base. * September 8 ** India opens 2 additional fronts against Pakistan. ** The Pakistan Navy destroys Indian Port of Dwarka. Operation Dwarka (Pakistan celebrates Victory Day (Pakistan), Victory Day annually). * September 9 ** United Nations Secretary-General, U.N. Secretary General U Thant negotiates with Pakistan President Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan), Ayub Khan. ** U Thant recommends China for United Nations membership. * September 14 – The fourth and final period of the Second Vatican Council opens. * September 16 – In Iraq, Prime Minister Arif Abd ar-Razzaq's attempted coup fails. * September 17 – King Constantine II of Greece forms a new government with Prime Minister Stephanos Stephanopoulos, in an attempt to end a 2-year-old political crisis. * September 18 ** In Denmark, Palle Sørensen shoots 4 policemen in pursuit; he is apprehended the same day. ** Comet Ikeya–Seki is first sighted by Japanese astronomers. ** Premier of the Soviet Union, Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin invites the leaders of India and Pakistan to meet in the Soviet Union to negotiate. * September 19 – Pakistani Forces achieve a decisive victory at the Battle of Chawinda, ultimately halting the Indian advance and successfully stabilizing the Sialkot Front, it is the world's largest tank battle since the Battle of Kursk in the World War II, Second World War between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union * September 20 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: An United States Air Force, USAF F-104 Starfighter piloted by Captain Philip Eldon Smith is shot down by a Chinese Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19, MiG-19 Farmer. The pilot is held until March 15, 1973. * September 21 – Gambia, Maldives and Singapore are admitted as Members of the United Nations, members of the United Nations. * September 22 – Radio Peking announces that Indian troops have dismantled their equipment on the Chinese side of the border. * September 24 ** Fighting resumes between Indian and Pakistani troops. ** The British governor of Aden cancels the constitution and takes direct control of the protectorate, due to the bad security situation. * September 27 – The largest tanker ship at this time, ''Tokyo Maru'', is launched in Yokohama, Japan. * September 28 ** Fidel Castro announces that anyone who wants to can emigrate to the United States. ** Taal Volcano in Luzon, Philippines, erupts, killing hundreds. * September 30 ** The
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...
n army, led by General Suharto, crushes an alleged communist coup attempt (see Transition to the New Order and 30 September Movement). ** The classic family sci-fi show ''Thunderbirds (TV series), Thunderbirds'' debuts on ITV (TV network), ITV in the United Kingdom. * October 3 – Fidel Castro announces that Che Guevara has resigned and left Cuba. * October 4 ** At least 150 are killed when a commuter train derails at the outskirts of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. ** Prime minister Ian Smith of Rhodesia and Arthur Bottomley of the Commonwealth of Nations begin negotiations in London. ** Pope Paul VI makes the first Papal visits to the United States, papal visit to the United States. He appears for a Mass in Yankee Stadium (1923), Yankee Stadium and makes a speech at the United Nations. ** The University of California, Irvine opens its doors. * October 5 – Pakistan severs diplomatic relations with Malaysia because of their disagreement in the UN. * October 6 – Ian Brady, a 27-year-old stock clerk from Hyde, Greater Manchester, Hyde in Cheshire, is arrested for allegedly hacking to death (with a hatchet) 17-year-old apprentice electrician Edward Evans at a house on the Hattersley housing estate. * October 7 – Seven Japanese fishing boats are sunk off Guam by Typhoon Carmen (1965), Super Typhoon Carmen; 209 are killed. * October 8 ** Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966: The Indonesian army instigates the arrest and execution of communists which last until next March. ** The 7 Fundamental Principles of the Red Cross and Red Crescent are adopted at the XX International Conference in Vienna, Austria. ** The International Olympic Committee admits East Germany as a member. * October 10 – The first group of Cuban refugees travels to the U.S. * October 12 ** Per Borten forms a government in Norway. ** The U.N. General Council recommends that the United Kingdom try everything to stop a rebellion in Rhodesia. * October 13 – Congo President Joseph Kasavubu fires Prime Minister Moise Tshombe and forms a provisional government, with Évariste Kimba in a leading position. * October 15 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: The Catholic Worker Movement stages an anti-war protest in Manhattan. One draft card burner is arrested, the first under the new law. * October 17 – The 1964 New York World's Fair, New York World's Fair at Flushing Meadows, closes. Due to financial losses, some of the projected site park improvements fail to materialize. * October 18 – The Indonesian government outlaws the Communist Party of Indonesia. * October 20 – Ludwig Erhard is re-elected Chancellor of West Germany (he had first been elected in 1963). * October 21 ** Comet Ikeya–Seki approaches perihelion, passing from the sun. ** The Organization of African Unity meets in Accra, Ghana. * October 22 ** African countries demand that the United Kingdom use force to prevent Rhodesia from declaring unilateral independence. ** Colonel Christophe Soglo stages a second coup in Republic of Dahomey, Dahomey. * October 25 – The Soviet Union declares its support of African countries in case Rhodesia unilaterally declares independence. * October 27 **
Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
ian president Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco removes power from parliament, legal courts and opposition parties. ** Süleyman Demirel of Justice Party (Turkey), AP forms the new government of
Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...
(30th government). * October 28 – Pope Paul VI promulgates ''Nostra aetate'', a "Declaration on the Relation of the (Roman Catholic) Church with Non-Christian Religions" by the Second Vatican Council which includes a statement that Jews are not collectively responsible for the death of Jesus (Jewish deicide). * October 29 – An 80-kiloton nuclear device is detonated at Amchitka Island, Alaska, as part of the Vela Uniform program, code-named Project Long Shot. * October 30 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: Near
Da Nang Da Nang or DanangSee also Danang Dragons (, ) is the fifth-largest city in Vietnam by municipal population. It lies on the coast of the Western Pacific Ocean of Vietnam at the mouth of the Hàn River, and is one of Vietnam's most important p ...
,
United States Marines The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines or simply the Marines, is the Marines, maritime land force service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is responsible for conducting expedi ...
repel an intense attack by
Viet Cong The Viet Cong (VC) was an epithet and umbrella term to refer to the communist-driven armed movement and united front organization in South Vietnam. It was formally organized as and led by the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam, and ...
forces, killing 56 guerrillas. A sketch of Marine positions is found on the dead body of a 13-year-old
Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...
ese boy who sold drinks to the Marines the day before.


November–December

* November 1 – A trolleybus plunges into the Nile at Cairo, Egypt, killing 74 passengers. * November 3 – President of France, French President Charles de Gaulle announces (just short of his 75th birthday) that he will stand for re-election. * November 5 – Martial law is announced in Rhodesia. The United Nations General Assembly accepts British intent to use force against Rhodesia if necessary by a vote of 82–9. * November 6 – Freedom Flights begin: Cuba and the United States formally agree to start an airlift for Cubans who want to go to the United States (by 1971, 250,000 Cubans take advantage of this program). * November 8 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
– Operation Hump: The United States Army 173rd Airborne is ambushed by over 1,200
Viet Cong The Viet Cong (VC) was an epithet and umbrella term to refer to the communist-driven armed movement and united front organization in South Vietnam. It was formally organized as and led by the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam, and ...
. * November 11 ** In Rhodesia (modern-day Zimbabwe), the white-minority government of Ian Smith Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence, unilaterally declares ''de facto'' independence ('UDI'). ** United Airlines Flight 227 crashes short of the runway and catches fire at Salt Lake City International Airport, killing 43 out of 91 passengers and crew. * November 12 – A United Nations Security Council Resolution 216, UN Security Council resolution (voted 10–0) recommends that other countries not recognize independent Rhodesia. * November 13 ** The burns and sinks off Nassau, Bahamas, with the loss of 90 lives. ** British theatre critic Kenneth Tynan says "fuck" during a discussion on BBC satirical programme ''BBC-3 (TV series), BBC-3'' for what many believed was the first time on British television. The corporation later issues a public apology. * November 14 – Vietnam War – Battle of Ia Drang: In the Ia Drang Valley of the Central Highlands (Vietnam), Central Highlands in
Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...
, the first major engagement of the war between regular United States and
North Vietnam North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; ; VNDCCH), was a country in Southeast Asia from 1945 to 1976, with sovereignty fully recognized in 1954 Geneva Conference, 1954. A member of the communist Eastern Bloc, it o ...
ese forces begins. * November 15 – U.S. racer Craig Breedlove sets a new land speed record of . * November 16 – Venera, Venera program: The Soviet Union launches the ''Venera 3'' space probe from Baikonur, Kazakhstan toward Venus (on March 1, 1966, it becomes the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet). * November 20 – The United Nations Security Council United Nations Security Council Resolution 217, recommends that all states stop trading with Rhodesia. * November 22 – The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is established as a specialized agency of the United Nations. * November 23 – Soviet general Mikhail Kazakov assumes command of the Warsaw Pact. * November 24 – Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congolese lieutenant general Mobutu Sese Seko, Mobutu ousts Joseph Kasavubu and declares himself president. * November 26 – At the Hammaguir launch facility in the Sahara Desert, France launches a Diamant A rocket with its first satellite, ''Astérix (satellite), Astérix-1'' on board, becoming the third country to enter outer space. * November 27 ** Tens of thousands of Vietnam War protesters picket the White House, then march on the Washington Monument. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: The Pentagon tells U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), also known as LBJ, was the 36th president of the United States, serving from 1963 to 1969. He became president after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, under whom he had served a ...
that if planned major sweep operations to neutralize
Viet Cong The Viet Cong (VC) was an epithet and umbrella term to refer to the communist-driven armed movement and united front organization in South Vietnam. It was formally organized as and led by the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam, and ...
forces during the next year are to succeed, the number of American troops in
Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...
will have to be increased from 120,000 to 400,000. * November 28 – Vietnam War: In response to U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), also known as LBJ, was the 36th president of the United States, serving from 1963 to 1969. He became president after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, under whom he had served a ...
's call for "more flags" in
Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...
, Philippines President-elect Ferdinand Marcos announces he will send troops to help fight in
South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (RVN; , VNCH), was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975. It first garnered Diplomatic recognition, international recognition in 1949 as the State of Vietnam within the ...
. * November 29 – The Canadian satellite ''Alouette 2'' is launched. * December 5 ** Charles de Gaulle is 1965 French presidential election, re-elected as French president with 10,828,421 votes. ** The "Glasnost Meeting" in Moscow becomes the first spontaneous political demonstration, and the first demonstration for civil rights in the Soviet Union. * December 8 ** The Second Vatican Council closes. ** Rhodesian prime minister Ian Smith warns that Rhodesia will resist a trade embargo by neighboring countries with force. ** The Race Relations Act 1965, Race Relations Act becomes the first legislation to address racial discrimination in the UK. *December 9 – ''A Charlie Brown Christmas'', the first ''Peanuts'' television special, debuts on CBS in the United States. It becomes a Christmas tradition. * December 15 ** The Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA) is formed. ** ''Gemini 6'' and ''Gemini 7'' perform the first controlled rendezvous in Earth orbit. * December 20 – The World Food Programme is made a permanent agency of the United Nations. * December 21 ** The Soviet Union announces that it has shipped rockets to
North Vietnam North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; ; VNDCCH), was a country in Southeast Asia from 1945 to 1976, with sovereignty fully recognized in 1954 Geneva Conference, 1954. A member of the communist Eastern Bloc, it o ...
. ** In West Germany, Konrad Adenauer resigns as chairman of the Christian Democratic Party. ** The United Nations adopts the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. ** A new 1-hour German-American production of the ballet ''The Nutcracker'', with an international cast that includes Edward Villella in the title role, makes its U.S. television debut. It is repeated annually by CBS over the next 3 years but after that is virtually forgotten until issued on DVD in 2009 by Warner Archive. * December 22 – A military coup is launched in Republic of Dahomey, Dahomey. * December 25 – The Yemeni Nasserist Unionist People's Organisation is founded in Ta'izz. * December 30 ** Ferdinand Marcos becomes President of the Philippines. ** President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia announces that Zambia and the United Kingdom have agreed on a deadline before which the Rhodesian white government should be ousted. * December 31 – Bokassa takes power in the Central African Republic.


Date unknown

* Aborigines are given the vote in Queensland, Australia. * Hainzl Industriesysteme GmbH company is founded in Austria. * Tokyo officially becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from New York City.


World population


Births


January

* January 4 ** Julia Ormond, British actress ** Yvan Attal, Israeli-born French actor and director * January 5 ** Vinnie Jones, British footballer-turned-actor ** Patrik Sjöberg, Swedish high jumper * January 9 ** Haddaway, German singer ** Farah Khan, Indian choreographer, film director ** Joely Richardson, British actress * January 10 – Butch Hartman, American animator and voice actor * January 12 ** Nikolai Borschevsky, Russian ice hockey player ** Maybrit Illner, German television journalist and presenter ** Rob Zombie, American musician *
January 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. * 1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 * 1761 – The Third Battle of Panipat is fought in I ...
** Shamil Basayev, Chechen terrorist (d. 2006) ** Marc Delissen, Dutch field hockey player ** Bob Essensa, Canadian ice hockey player * January 15 ** Adam Jones (musician), Adam Jones, American musician, guitarist of metal band Tool (band), Tool ** James Nesbitt, Northern Irish actor *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. *1156 – Finnish peasant Lalli kills English clergyman Henry (bishop of Finland), Henry, the Bishop of Turku, on the ice of Köyliönjärvi, Lake Köyli� ...
– Sophie, Duchess of Edinburgh, wife of Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh * January 21 – Jam Master Jay, American DJ, rapper and producer (d. 2002) * January 22 ** DJ Jazzy Jeff, American disc jockey ** Diane Lane, American actress * January 23 – Catherine Guillouard, French businesswoman * January 24 – Porfirio Fisac, Spanish basketball coach * January 25 – Esa Tikkanen, Finnish ice hockey player * January 26 – Natalia Yurchenko, Soviet artistic gymnast * January 27 ** Alan Cumming, Scottish actor ** Ignacio Noé, Argentine artist *
January 29 Events Pre-1600 * 904 – Sergius III is elected pope, after coming out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed antipope Christopher. * 946 – Caliph al-Mustakfi is blinded and deposed by Mu'izz al-Dawla, ruler ...
** Dominik Hašek, Czech hockey player ** Jo Min-su, South Korean actress


February

* February 1 ** Dave Callaghan, South African cricketer ** Brandon Lee, Chinese-American actor (d. 1993) ** Sherilyn Fenn, American actress ** Princess Stéphanie of Monaco * February 3 – Maura Tierney, American actress * February 5 – Gheorghe Hagi, Romanian footballer, manager and club owner * February 7 – Chris Rock, African-American actor, comedian, and film director * February 8 – Dicky Cheung, Hong Kong actor * February 11 – Roberto Moya, Cuban athlete (d. 2020) *
February 12 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Pope Urban II confirms the foundation of the abbey of La Roë under Robert of Arbrissel as a community of canons regular. * 1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sofia performed the first post- ...
– Brett Kavanaugh, American attorney and Supreme Court Justice *
February 15 Events Pre-1600 * 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus * 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia. * 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Ti ...
– Héctor Beltrán Leyva, Mexican drug lord (d. 2018) * February 16 – Adama Barrow, Gambian politician, 3rd President of Gambia * February 17 – Michael Bay, American film director *
February 18 Events Pre-1600 * 3102 BC – Kali Yuga, the fourth and final yuga of Hinduism, starts with the death of Krishna. * 1229 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining J ...
– Dr. Dre, African-American rapper and music producer * February 23 ** Kristin Davis, American actress ** Michael Dell, American computer manufacturer ** Vincent Chalvon-Demersay, French producer ** Helena Suková, Czech tennis player * February 25 – Sylvie Guillem, French ballerina * February 27 – Claudia Zobel, Filipina actress (d. 1984) * February 28 – Park Gok-ji, South Korean film editor


March

* March 1 ** Mike Dean (record producer), Mike Dean, Record producer ** Stewart Elliott, Canadian jockey ** Jack Tu, Taiwanese-Canadian cardiologist (d. 2018) *
March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost ...
– Ami Bera, American politician * March 3 ** Tedros Adhanom, Director of the World Health Organization * March 4 ** Greg Alexander, Australian rugby league player ** Paul W. S. Anderson, British filmmaker, producer and screenwriter * March 5 – Harry Bevers, Dutch politician *
March 8 Events Pre-1600 * 1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem '' Shahnameh''. * 1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León. * 1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between ...
** Mac Jack, South African educator and politician (d. 2020) ** Caio Júnior, Brazilian football forward and manager (d. 2016) *
March 9 Events Pre-1600 *141 BC – Liu Che, Posthumous name, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China. *1009 – First known mention of Lithuania, in the Annals of Quedlinburg, annals of the mo ...
– Antonio Saca, 43rd President of El Salvador * March 11 ** Catherine Fulop, Venezuelan actress, model, beauty pageant contestant, and television presenter ** Jesse Jackson Jr., African-American politician ** Laurence Llewelyn-Bowen, British designer and television presenter * March 14 – Aamir Khan, Indian film director, producer, film and scriptwriter and actor * March 16 ** Utut Adianto, Indonesian chess grandmaster (chess), grandmaster and politician ** Mark Carney, Canadian economist and politician, 24th Prime Minister of Canada * March 22 – Rick Harrison, American businessman and reality television personality *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 * 1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. * 1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the las ...
– Marti Pellow, Scottish singer (Wet Wet Wet) * March 24 ** Rob MacCachren, American racecar driver ** The Undertaker, American professional wrestler *
March 25 Until 1752 it was the official date of the beginning of the year in England and its dominions (in the Julian calendar). Events Pre-1600 * 410 – The Southern Yan capital of Guanggu falls to the Jin dynasty general Liu Yu, ending th ...
** Stefka Kostadinova, Bulgarian high jumper and president of the Bulgarian Olympic Committee ** Sarah Jessica Parker, American actress * March 26 – Prakash Raj, Indian actor, producer and director * March 29 – Voula Patoulidou, Greek athlete *
March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Avar–Byzantine wars: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic army is decimated by the plague. * 1282 ...
– Piers Morgan, British journalist and television personality


April

* April 1 ** Brian Marshall (athlete), Brian Marshall, Canadian retired track and field athlete ** Bekir Bozdağ, Turkish theologian, lawyer, and politician *
April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. * 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. * 1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created. ...
– Nazia Hassan, Pakistani pop singer-songwriter, lawyer and social activist (d. 2000) * April 4 – Robert Downey Jr., American actor, producer, and singer *
April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. * ...
** Black Francis, American musician ** Rica Reinisch, German swimmer *
April 9 Events Pre-1600 * 193 – The distinguished soldier Septimius Severus is proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum. * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, ...
– Paulina Porizkova, Swedish-American model and actress * April 10 ** Anna-Leena Härkönen, Finnish author ** Jure Robič, Slovenian cyclist (d. 2010) * April 11 – Eelco van Asperen, Dutch computer scientist *
April 12 Events Pre-1600 * 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I. * 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
– Kim Bodnia, Danish actor and director * April 15 – Linda Perry, American musician * April 16 – Martin Lawrence, American actor, comedian, and producer *
April 18 Events Pre-1600 * 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days. * 1428 – Peace of Ferrara ...
– Camille Coduri, English actress * April 19 – Suge Knight, American record producer and convicted felon * April 20 – Jovy Marcelo, Filipino racing driver (d. 1992) * April 21 – Julio Robaina, Republican politician, Mayor of Hialeah, Florida *
April 23 Events Pre-1600 * 215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene. *599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in so ...
– Leni Robredo, 14th Vice President of the Philippines *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). * 1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
– Michel Leclerc, French director and screenwriter * April 25 – Édouard Ferrand, French politician (d. 2018) *
April 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. * 1478 – The Pazzi family attack on Lorenzo de' Medici in order to displace the ruling Medici family kills his brother Giuliano during High Mass in Fl ...
– Kevin James, American comedian and actor * April 27 – Edwin Poots, Irish politician *
April 29 Events Pre-1600 * 801 – An earthquake in the Central Apennines hits Rome and Spoleto, damaging the basilica of San Paolo Fuori le Mura. * 1091 – Battle of Levounion: The Pechenegs are defeated by Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Kom ...
– David Shafer (politician), David Shafer, American politician, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia * April 30 – Adrian Pasdar, Iranian-American actor and voice artist


May

*
May 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1194 – King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first royal charter. * 1230 – William de Braose is hanged by Prince Llywelyn the Great. * 1536 – Anne Boleyn, Queen of England, is arrested and impris ...
– Myriam Hernández, Chilean singer * May 3 ** Gary Mitchell, Irish playwright ** Rob Brydon, Welsh actor, comedian, impressionist and presenter * May 7 ** Owen Hart, Canadian professional wrestler (d. 1999) ** Norman Whiteside, Northern Irish football player *
May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. * 1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. * 1386 – England and Portugal formall ...
– Steve Yzerman, Canadian hockey player * May 10 – Linda Evangelista, Canadian supermodel * May 11 – Monsour del Rosario, Filipino Olympic athlete and actor *
May 12 Events Pre-1600 * 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism. * 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the ...
– Renée Simonsen, Danish model and writer * May 13 – José Antonio Delgado, Venezuelan mountain climber (d. 2006) * May 14 – Eoin Colfer, Irish novelist * May 16 ** Rodica Dunca, Romanian artistic gymnast ** Krist Novoselic, American musician and activist (Nirvana (band), Nirvana) * May 17 – Trent Reznor, American rock musician (Nine Inch Nails) * May 19 – Philippe Dhondt, French singer * May 23 ** Melissa McBride, American actress (''The Walking Dead (TV series), The Walking Dead'') * May 24 ** Carlos Franco, Paraguayan golfer ** John C. Reilly, American actor and comedian ** Shinichirō Watanabe, Japanese anime director *
May 25 Events Pre-1600 * 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. * 240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes ...
– Yahya Jammeh, President of the Gambia *
May 29 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – The Roman emperor Julian defeats the Sasanian army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Sasanian capital, but is unable to take the city. * 1108 – Battle of Uclés: Almoravid troops unde ...
– Emilio Sánchez, Spanish tennis player * May 30 – Guadalupe Grande, Spanish poet (d. 2021) *
May 31 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome. * 1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by th ...
– Brooke Shields, American actress and model


June

*
June 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king of Castile and León. * 1298 – Residents of Riga and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian Order in the Battle of Turaida. * 1495 – A monk, John Cor, rec ...
** Larisa Lazutina, Russian cross-country skier ** Nigel Short, English chess player *
June 2 Events Pre-1600 * 260 – Sima Zhao's regicide of Cao Mao: The figurehead Wei emperor Cao Mao personally leads an attempt to oust his regent, Sima Zhao; the attempted coup is crushed and the emperor killed. * 455 – Sack of Rome: ...
– Steve Waugh, Steve and Mark Waugh, Australian cricketers * June 4 ** Mick Doohan, Australian motorcycle racer ** Andrea Jaeger, American tennis player * June 6 ** Cam Neely, Canadian ice hockey player ** Megumi Ogata, Japanese voice actress and singer *
June 7 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire). * 879 – Pope John VIII recognises the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state. * 1002 – He ...
** Mick Foley, American professional wrestler ** Damien Hirst, British artist ** Christine Roque, French singer * June 8 ** Frank Grillo, American actor ** Rob Pilatus, German model, dancer and singer (d. 1998) *
June 10 Events Pre-1600 * 671 – Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock ( clepsydra) called ''Rokoku''. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu. * 1190 – Third Crusade: Frederic ...
** Veronica Ferres, German actress ** Elizabeth Hurley, English model and actress * June 11 – Manuel Uribe, morbidly obese Mexican (d. 2014) * June 12 – Carlos Luis Morales, Ecuadorian journalist (d. 2020) * June 13 – Infanta Cristina of Spain, Spanish princess * June 15 – Bernard Hopkins, American boxer * June 16 – Andrea M. Ghez, American astronomer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics * June 17 ** Dana Eskelson, American actress ** Dan Jansen, American speedskater ** Dara O'Kearney, Irish ultra runner and professional poker player * June 18 ** Kim Dickens, American actress ** Hani Mohsin, Malaysian celebrity, actor and host (d. 2006) * June 21 ** Yang Liwei, Chinese major general, military pilot and China National Space Administration astronaut ** Gabriella Selmeczi, Hungarian jurist and politician ** Tim Lajcik, Czech American mixed martial artist, stuntman, actor and writer * June 22 – Anubhav Sinha, Indian film director * June 23 – Paul Arthurs, English Musician (Oasis (band), Oasis) * June 24 – Son Hyun-joo, South Korean actor * June 25 – Jean Castex, French politician * June 26 – Jana Hybášková, Czech politician and diplomat * June 27 ** Frédéric Lemoine, French businessman ** S. Manikavasagam, Malaysian politician * June 28 – Belayneh Dinsamo, Ethiopian long-distance runner * June 29 ** Véronique Laury, French businesswoman ** Dado Villa-Lobos, Brazilian musician ** Matthew Weiner, American television writer, director and producer * June 30 ** Philippe Duquesne, French actor ** Cho Jae-hyun, South Korean actor ** Mitch Richmond, American basketball player


July

* July 1 ** Teddy McCarthy, hurler and Gaelic footballer ** Carl Fogarty, English motorcycle racer ** Mohammed Abdul Hussein, Iraqi former footballer ** Ramdas Ambatkar, Indian politician, Maharashtra Legislative Council, Maharashtra MLC (d. 2025) * July 2 – Fredrik Sejersted, Norwegian jurist * July 3 ** Komsan Pohkong, Thai lawyer ** Shinya Hashimoto, Japanese professional wrestler (d. 2005) ** Connie Nielsen, Danish actress ** Tommy Flanagan (actor), Tommy Flanagan, Scottish actor * July 4 – Tracy Letts, American actor, playwright and screenwriter * July 5 ** Kathryn Erbe, American actress ** Eyran Katsenelenbogen, Israeli jazz pianist * July 7 ** Paula Devicq, Canadian actress ** Jeremy Kyle, English radio and television presenter * July 10 ** Danny Boffin, Belgian footballer ** Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark ** Alec Mapa, American comedian * July 11 – Ernesto Hoost, Dutch kickboxer * July 12 – Mama Kandeh, Gambian politician * July 13 – Akina Nakamori, Japanese singer and actress * July 14 – Lou Savarese, American boxer * July 15 – Dafna Rechter, Israeli actress and singer * July 17 ** Santiago Segura, Spanish actor, screenwriter, producer and director ** Rosa Gumataotao Rios, 43rd Treasurer of the United States ** Alex Winter, British actor * July 18 – Eva Ionesco, French actress, film director and screenwriter * July 19 ** Dame Evelyn Glennie, Scottish virtuoso percussionist ** Hailemariam Desalegn, 15th Prime Minister of Ethiopia * July 21 – Guðni Bergsson, Icelandic footballer * July 22 – Shawn Michaels, American professional wrestler * July 23 ** Grace Mugabe, First Lady of Zimbabwe ** Slash (musician), Slash (Saul Hudson), English-born American rock guitarist * July 25 – Illeana Douglas, American actress and producer * July 26 ** Vladimir Cruz, Cuban actor ** Jeremy Piven, American actor ** Jimmy Dore, American comedian and political commentator * July 27 ** José Luis Chilavert, Paraguayan footballer ** Trifon Ivanov, Bulgarian footballer (d. 2016) * July 28 – Daniela Mercury, Brazilian singer, songwriter, dancer, producer, actress and television host * July 29 – Chang-Rae Lee, Korean-American novelist * July 31 – J. K. Rowling, English author


August

* August 1 – Sam Mendes, English film director * August 2 ** Sandra Ng, Hong Kong actress ** Hisanobu Watanabe, Japanese baseball player and coach * August 4 ** Terri Lyne Carrington, American jazz drummer ** Dennis Lehane, American crime writer ** Fredrik Reinfeldt, Swedish Prime Minister * August 5 – Monica Ward, Italian actress and voice actress * August 6 – David Robinson, American basketball player * August 10 ** Claudia Christian, American actress, writer, singer, musician, and director ** Mike E. Smith, American jockey ** John Starks (basketball), John Starks, American basketball player * August 11 – Viola Davis, African-American actress * August 15 – Vincent Kok, Hong Kong director and actor * August 16 – Michael O'Gorman (rowing), Michael O'Gorman, American coxswain (d. 2018) * August 19 ** Kevin Dillon, American actor ** Maria de Medeiros, Portuguese actress ** Kyra Sedgwick, American actress ** James Tomkins (rower), James Tomkins, Australian rower * August 22 – David Reimer, Canadian man, born male but reassigned female and raised as a girl after a botched circumcision (d. 2004) * August 24 – Reggie Miller, American basketball player and commentator * August 25 – Mia Zapata, American singer (d. 1993) * August 26 – Azela Robinson, Mexican actress * August 28 ** Satoshi Tajiri, Japanese video game designer and ''Pokémon'' creator ** Amanda Tapping, Canadian actress ** Shania Twain, Canadian country singer and songwriter * August 31 – Daniel Bernhardt, Swiss actor and martial artist


September

* September 1 – Craig McLachlan, Australian actor and singer * September 2 – Lennox Lewis, British boxer * September 3 ** Costas Mandylor, Greek-Australian actor ** Charlie Sheen, American actor and producer * September 5 – Derby Makinka, Zambian footballer (d. 1993) * September 6 – Gleisi Hoffmann, Brazilian lawyer and politician * September 7 – Jörg Pilawa, German television presenter * September 8 ** Tutilo Burger, German Benedictine monk and abbot ** Darlene Zschech, Australian singer and worship leader * September 10 – Marco Pastors, Dutch politician * September 11 ** Bashar al-Assad, President of Syria ** Moby, American musician * September 12 **Einstein Kristiansen, Norwegian cartoonist, designer, and television host * September 14 – Dmitry Medvedev, former President of Russia * September 15 – Fernanda Torres, Brazilian actress * September 16 – Katy Kurtzman, American actress, director and producer * September 17 ** Kyle Chandler, American actor ** Yuji Naka, Japanese video game programmer * September 19 ** Goldie, English record producer and DJ ** Iliya Lazarov, Bulgarian politician ** Tim Scott, African-American politician and businessman ** Tshering Tobgay, former List of prime ministers of Bhutan, Prime Minister of Bhutan * September 20 – Robert Rusler, American actor * September 21 ** Cheryl Hines, American actress ** Johanna Vuoksenmaa, Finnish film director ** David Wenham, Australian actor ** Pramila Jayapal, American politician * September 23 – Mark Woodforde, Australian tennis player * September 25 – Scottie Pippen, American basketball player * September 26 ** Radisav Ćurčić, Serbian-Israeli basketball player ** Alexei Mordashov, Russian businessman ** Petro Poroshenko, former President of Ukraine * September 27 – Steve Kerr, American basketball player


October

* October 1 – Andreas Keller, German field hockey player * October 2 ** Gerardo Reyero, Mexican voice actor ** Ferhan and Ferzan Önder, Turkish-Austrian pianists * October 3 ** Adriana Calcanhotto, Brazilian singer and composer ** Jan-Ove Waldner, Swedish table tennis player * October 5 ** Mario Lemieux, Canadian ice hockey player ** Patrick Roy, Canadian ice hockey player * October 6 – Steve Scalise, Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives, House Majority Whip and United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative of Louisiana's 1st district * October 8 ** Matt Biondi, American swimmer ** C. J. Ramone, American musician * October 9 – Dionicio Cerón, Mexican long-distance runner * October 10 – Chris Penn, American actor (d. 2006) * October 11 ** Julianne McNamara, American artistic gymnast ** Lennie James, English actor, screenwriter, and playwright * October 13 – Kalpana (Malayalam actress), Kalpana, Indian film actress (d. 2016) * October 14 ** Steve Coogan, British comedian and actor ** Jüri Jaanson, Estonian rower and politician * October 16 – Kang Kyung-ok, South Korean artist * October 17 ** Aravinda de Silva, Sri Lankan cricketer ** Rhys Muldoon, Australian actor, writer, and director * October 18 – Zakir Naik, Indian doctor and Islamic activist * October 19 ** The Renegade (wrestler), The Renegade, American professional wrestler (d. 1999) ** Ty Pennington, American television presenter ** Tracy Griffith, American actress, sushi chef, and painter * October 20 ** Amos Mansdorf, Israeli tennis player ** Stefano Pioli, Italian football player and manager * October 22 – Sumito Estévez, Venezuelan chefQuintana, Marsolaire
Sumito Estevez and ginger to taste
Excess Magazine. 2 April 2003, issue number 34.
* October 26 ** Aaron Kwok, Hong Kong singer and actor ** Kelly Rowan, Canadian actress ** Ken Rutherford (cricketer), Kenneth Rutherford, New Zealand cricketer * October 29 – Christy Clark, Canadian politician * October 30 – Zaza Urushadze, Georgian film director, producer and screenwriter (d. 2019) * October 31 – Rob Rackstraw, British actor


November

* November 1 ** Patrik Ringborg, Swedish conductor * November 2 ** Paweł Adamowicz, Polish politician and lawyer (d. 2019) ** Shah Rukh Khan, Indian actor, film/television producer and television presenter * November 4 – Wayne Static, American singer and musician (Static-X) (d. 2014) * November 7 – Sigrun Wodars, German athlete * November 8 – Patricia Poleo, Venezuelan journalist * November 9 – Sir Bryn Terfel, Welsh baritone * November 10 – Eddie Irvine, Northern Irish racing driver * November 11 – Max Mutchnick, American television producer * November 13 – Rick Roberts (actor), Rick Roberts, Canadian actor * November 17 – Pam Bondi, American attorney and politician, 87th U.S. Attorney General * November 19 ** Paulo S. L. M. Barreto, Paulo Barreto, Brazilian cryptographer ** Laurent Blanc, French football player and manager * November 20 – Yoshiki (musician), Yoshiki Hayashi, Japanese rock composer, pianist and drummer * November 21 ** Björk, Icelandic singer-songwriter and musician ** Reggie Lewis, American basketball player (d. 1993) ** Alexander Siddig, Sudanese-British actor * November 22 – Mads Mikkelsen, Danish actor * November 23 – Radion Gataullin, Uzbek-Russian pole-vaulter * November 24 – Shirley Henderson, Scottish actress * November 25 – Ana Paula Padrão, Brazilian journalist, chief editor, entrepreneur, writer and television presenter * November 26 – Scott Adsit, American actor * November 29 ** Lauren Child, American author ** Raffaella Reggi, Italian tennis player * November 30 ** Ben Stiller, American actor, comedian and filmmaker ** Tashi Tenzing, Indian mountaineer


December

* December 3 ** Steve Harris (actor), Steve Harris, American actor ** Katarina Witt, German figure skater ** Andrew Stanton, American animator, storyboard artist, film director, and screenwriter * December 5 – Johnny Rzeznik, American rock singer and guitarist * December 7 ** Teruyuki Kagawa, Japanese actor ** Jeffrey Wright, African-American actor * December 8 – David Harewood, English actor * December 9 – Brad Savage, American actor * December 10 – Stephanie Morgenstern, Canadian actress * December 15 – Luis Fabián Artime, Argentine footballer * December 16 – J. B. Smoove, African-American actor and comedian * December 18 – John Moshoeu, South African footballer (d. 2015) * December 19 – Jessica Steen, Canadian actress * December 21 ** Andy Dick, American actor and comedian ** Anke Engelke, German comedian, actress and voice-over actress * December 23 – Andreas Kappes, German cyclist (d. 2018) * December 27 – Salman Khan, Indian actor, television presenter * December 30 ** Valentina Legkostupova, Soviet and Russian pop singer, teacher and producer (d. 2020) ** Robert Rep, Dutch politician * December 31 ** Nicholas Sparks, American author ** Gong Li, Chinese actress


Date unknown

*Yklymberdi Paromov, Turkmenistan, Turkmen politician *Marga Hoek, Netherlands, Dutch businesswoman


Deaths


January

* January 4 – T. S. Eliot, American-British poet, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888) * January 10 ** Antonín Bečvář, Czechoslovak astronomer (b. 1901) ** Frederick Fleet, British sailor and lookout aboard the RMS Titanic, RMS ''Titanic'' (b. 1887) * January 12 – Lorraine Hansberry, African-American playwright and writer (b. 1930) *
January 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. * 1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 * 1761 – The Third Battle of Panipat is fought in I ...
– Jeanette MacDonald, American actress and singer (b. 1903) * January 15 – Pierre Ngendandumwe, 4th and 6th Prime Minister of Burundi (assassinated) (b. 1930) *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. *1156 – Finnish peasant Lalli kills English clergyman Henry (bishop of Finland), Henry, the Bishop of Turku, on the ice of Köyliönjärvi, Lake Köyli� ...
– Alan Freed, American disc jockey (b. 1921) * January 24 – Sir
Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British statesman, military officer, and writer who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 (Winston Churchill in the Second World War, ...
, British politician and statesman, twice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, World War II leader, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature (b. 1874) * January 27 – Hassan Ali Mansur, Iranian politician, 69th Prime Minister of Iran (b. 1923) * January 28 ** Taimur bin Feisal, List of rulers of Oman, Sultan of Oman (b. 1886) ** Tich Freeman, English cricketer (b. 1888) ** Maxime Weygand, French general (b. 1867) * January 31 – Konstantin Muraviev, 31st Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1893)


February

* February 5 – Irving Bacon, American actor (b. 1893) * February 6 – Frederick, Prince of Hohenzollern (b. 1891) * February 7 – Nance O'Neil, American stage and film actress (b. 1874) * February 9 – Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah, Indian educationist, philosopher, philanthropist, social reformer and spiritualist (b. 1874) * February 13 **
Humberto Delgado Humberto da Silva Delgado (Portuguese pronunciation: �ˈbɛɾtu dɛɫˈɡadu 15 May 1906 – 13 February 1965) was a General of the Portuguese Air Force, diplomat and politician. Early life and military career Delgado was born in Brogueira, To ...
, Portuguese general and opposition politician (b. 1906) ** William Heard Kilpatrick, American mathematician and philosopher (b. 1871) * February 14 – Désiré-Émile Inghelbrecht, French composer (b. 1880) *
February 15 Events Pre-1600 * 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus * 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia. * 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Ti ...
– Nat King Cole, American singer and musician (b. 1919) * February 19 ** Forrest Taylor, American actor (b. 1883) ** Tom Wilson (actor), Tom Wilson, American actor (b. 1880) *
February 20 Events Pre-1600 *1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated. *1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawn (law), pawned by Norway to S ...
– Michał Waszyński, Polish film director and producer (b. 1904) *
February 21 Events Pre-1600 * 452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. * 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. * 1440 – The ...
Malcolm X Malcolm X (born Malcolm Little, later el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz; May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965) was an African American revolutionary, Islam in the United States, Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent figur ...
, American civil rights activist (b. 1925) * February 22 – Felix Frankfurter, Supreme Court of the United States, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1882) * February 23 – Stan Laurel, British actor (b. 1890) * February 24 – Takeo Itō, Japanese general (b. 1889) * February 28 – Adolf Schärf, Austrian politician, 6th President of Austria (b. 1890)


March

* March 5 – Salvador Castaneda Castro, 31st President of El Salvador (b. 1888) * March 6 ** Margaret Dumont, American actress (b. 1889) ** Herbert Morrison, British politician (b. 1888) *
March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. * 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cobl ...
– Louise Mountbatten, queen consort of Sweden as second wife of Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden, King Gustaf VI Adolf (b. 1889) * March 13 ** Corrado Gini, Italian statistician (b. 1884) ** Vittorio Jano, Italian automobile designer (b. 1891) ** Fan Noli, Albanian bishop, poet and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1882) * March 14 – Marion Jones Farquhar, American tennis champion (b. 1879) * March 17 ** Nancy Cunard, English writer, heiress and political activist (b. 1896) ** Amos Alonzo Stagg, American baseball, basketball and football player and coach (b. 1862) *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ar ...
– Farouk of Egypt, deposed king (b. 1920) * March 19 – Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, Romanian communist leader, 47th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1901) * March 22 – Fidel Dávila Arrondo, Fidel Dávila, Spanish general and minister (b. 1878) *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 * 1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. * 1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the las ...
– Mae Murray, American silent film actress (b. 1885) *
March 25 Until 1752 it was the official date of the beginning of the year in England and its dominions (in the Julian calendar). Events Pre-1600 * 410 – The Southern Yan capital of Guanggu falls to the Jin dynasty general Liu Yu, ending th ...
– Viola Liuzzo, American Unitarian Universalist and civil rights activist (b. 1925) *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Did ...
** Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood, member of the British royal family (b. 1897) ** Jack Hoxie, American actor, rodeo performer (b. 1885) *
March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Avar–Byzantine wars: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic army is decimated by the plague. * 1282 ...
– Philip Showalter Hench, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1896)


April

*
April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. * 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. * 1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created. ...
– Ray Enright, American film director (b. 1896) *
April 9 Events Pre-1600 * 193 – The distinguished soldier Septimius Severus is proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum. * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, ...
– Sherman Minton, American politician and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (b. 1890) * April 10 ** Linda Darnell, American actress (b. 1923) ** La Belle Otero, Spanish actress, dancer and courtesan (b. 1868) * April 14 ** Leonard Mudie, English actor (b. 1883) ** Perry Smith (murderer), Perry Smith (b. 1928) and Richard Hickock (b. 1931), American convicted murderers * April 16 – Sydney Chaplin, English actor (b. 1885) *
April 18 Events Pre-1600 * 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days. * 1428 – Peace of Ferrara ...
– Guillermo González Camarena, Mexican inventor (b. 1917) * April 21 ** Edward Victor Appleton, Sir Edward Victor Appleton, English physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892) ** Pedro Albizu Campos, advocate of Puerto Rican independence (b. 1891) *
April 23 Events Pre-1600 * 215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene. *599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in so ...
– George Adamski, Polish-American UFO writer (b. 1891) *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). * 1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
– Louise Dresser, American actress (b. 1878) * April 27 – Edward R. Murrow, American journalist (b. 1908) * April 30 – Helen Chandler, American actress (b. 1906)


May

*
May 1 Events Pre-1600 * 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor. * 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches. * 1169 & ...
– Spike Jones, American musician and bandleader (b. 1911) * May 6 – Oren E. Long, American politician, 10th Governor of Hawai'i (b. 1889) * May 7 ** Charles Sheeler, American photographer (b. 1883) ** Alf Bjørnskau Bastiansen, Norwegian priest and politician (b. 1883) *
May 9 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria. * 1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy. * 1386 – England and Portugal formall ...
– Leopold Figl, 14th Chancellor of Austria and acting President of Austria (b. 1902) * May 10 – Hubertus van Mook, Dutch Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b. 1894) * May 14 – Frances Perkins, first woman appointed as a United States presidential cabinet member (Labor) (b. 1880) * May 15 – Yisrael Bar-Yehuda, Zionist activist and Israel politician (b. 1895) * May 18 – Eli Cohen, Israeli spy (b. 1924) * May 19 – Maria Dąbrowska, Polish writer (b. 1889) * May 21 – Geoffrey de Havilland, Sir Geoffrey de Havilland, British aviation pioneer and aircraft company founder (b. 1882) * May 23 ** Rosina Anselmi, Italian actress (b. 1880) ** David Smith (sculptor), David Smith, American sculptor (b. 1906) * May 24 – Sonny Boy Williamson II, Sonny Boy Williamson, American blues musician (b. 1899) *
May 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. * 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. * 1153 &nda ...
– John Rinehart Blue, American military officer, educator, businessperson, and politician (b. 1905)


June

*
June 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king of Castile and León. * 1298 – Residents of Riga and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian Order in the Battle of Turaida. * 1495 – A monk, John Cor, rec ...
– Curly Lambeau, American football player and coach (b. 1898) * June 5 ** Eleanor Farjeon, British author of children's literature (b. 1881) ** Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland (b. 1884) *
June 7 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire). * 879 – Pope John VIII recognises the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state. * 1002 – He ...
– Judy Holliday, American actress, comedian, and singer (b. 1921) * June 11 – José Mendes Cabeçadas, Portuguese navy officer, 94th Prime Minister of Portugal and 9th President of Portugal (b. 1883) * June 13 – Martin Buber, Austrian-Israeli philosopher (b. 1878) * June 15 – Steve Cochran, American actor (b. 1917) *
June 19 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The original Nicene Creed is adopted at the First Council of Nicaea. * 1179 – The Battle of Kalvskinnet takes place outside Nidaros (now Trondheim), Norway. Earl Erling Skakke is killed, and the battle cha ...
– James Collip, Canadian biochemist (b. 1892) * June 20 – Bernard Baruch, American financier and presidential adviser (b. 1870) * June 22 – David O. Selznick, American film producer (b. 1902) * June 23 – Mary Boland, American actress (b. 1882) * June 28 – Red Nichols, American jazz cornettist (b. 1905) * June 30 – Bessie Barriscale, American actress (b. 1884)


July

* July 1 – Wally Hammond, English cricketer (b. 1903) * July 7 – Moshe Sharett, 2nd Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1894) * July 8 – T. S. Stribling, American novelist (b. 1881) * July 11 – Ray Collins (actor), Ray Collins, American actor (b. 1889) * July 13 – Laureano Gómez, 43rd President of Colombia (b. 1889) * July 14 ** Adlai Stevenson II, American politician (b. 1900) ** Max Woosnam, English sportsman (b. 1892) * July 19 ** Clyde Beatty, American animal trainer (b. 1903) ** Ingrid Jonker, South African Afrikaans poet (b. 1933) ** Syngman Rhee, Korean statesman, 1st President of South Korea (b. 1875) * July 24 – Constance Bennett, American actress (b. 1904) * July 28 – Rampo Edogawa, Japanese author and critic (b. 1894) * July 30 ** Pier Ruggero Piccio, Italian World War I fighter ace, air force general (b. 1880) ** Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese writer (b. 1886)


August

* August 1 – John Miller (rower), John Miller, American Olympic rower - Men's eights (b. 1903) * August 6 ** Nancy Carroll, American actress (b. 1903) ** Everett Sloane, American actor (b. 1909) * August 8 – Shirley Jackson, American author (b. 1916) * August 9 – Creighton Hale, American actor (b. 1882) * August 13 – Hayato Ikeda, Japanese politician, 38th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1899) * August 25 – Johnny Hayes, American Olympic athlete (b. 1886) * August 27 – Le Corbusier, Swiss architect (b. 1887) * August 28 ** Rashid Ali al-Gaylani, Iraqi politician, 9th Prime Minister of Iraq (b. 1892) ** Giulio Racah, Israeli physicist (b. 1909) * August 29 – Paul Waner, American baseball player (b. 1903)


September

* September 4 ** Tommy Hampson, British Olympic athlete (b. 1907) ** Albert Schweitzer, Alsace, Alsatian physician and missionary, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1875) * September 6 – Yunus Hussain, Pakistani fighter pilot (b. 1935) * September 8 ** Dorothy Dandridge, American actress (b. 1922) ** Hermann Staudinger, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881) * September 12 – Lucian Truscott, American general (b. 1895) * September 16 – Fred Quimby, American animated film producer (b. 1886) * September 17 – Alejandro Casona, Spanish poet and playwright (b. 1903) * September 22 – Othmar Ammann, Swiss-born American engineer (b. 1879) * September 27 – Clara Bow, American silent film actress (b. 1905)


October

* October 1 – Anton Boisen, American founder of the clinical pastoral education movement (b. 1876) * October 3 – Zachary Scott, American actor (b. 1914) * October 8 – Thomas B. Costain, Canadian author and journalist (b. 1885) * October 11 ** Dorothea Lange, American photographer (b. 1895) ** Walther Stampfli, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1884) * October 12 – Samir Al-Rifai, 6-time Prime Minister of Jordan (b. 1901) * October 13 – Paul Hermann Müller, Swiss chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1899) * October 14 – Randall Jarrell, American poet (b. 1914) * October 15 – Abraham Fraenkel, Israeli mathematician and recipient of the Israel Prize (b. 1891) * October 17 – Bart King, American cricketer (b. 1873) * October 18 ** Oscar Beregi (actor, born 1876), Oscar Beregi, Hungarian actor (b. 1876) ** Henry Travers, English actor (b. 1874) * October 21 ** Bill Black, American musician and bandleader (b. 1926) ** Marie McDonald, American actress (b. 1923) * October 22 – Paul Tillich, German American Christian existentialist philosopher and theologian (b. 1886) * October 23 – Luis de la Puente Uceda, Peruvian guerrilla leader (b. 1926) * October 24 – Hans Meerwein, German chemist (b. 1879) * October 26 – Murder of Sylvia Likens, Sylvia Likens, American murder victim (b. 1949) * October 29 – Miller Anderson (diver), Miller Anderson, American Olympic diver (b. 1922) * October 30 – Arthur Schlesinger, Sr., American historian (b. 1888) * October 31 – Rita Johnson, American actress (b. 1913)


November

* November 2 ** Félix Paiva, 28th President of Paraguay (b. 1877) ** H.V. Evatt, Australian politician, judge (b. 1894) * November 6 ** Edgard Varèse, French-born American composer (b. 1883) ** Clarence Williams (musician), Clarence Williams, American musician (b. 1893) * November 8 ** Dorothy Kilgallen, American newspaper columnist and television personality (b. 1913) ** Emma Gramatica, Italian actress (b. 1874) ** Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad, second caliph (b. 1889) * November 12 – Taher Saifuddin, Indian Bohra spiritual leader (b. 1888) * November 16 ** Harry Blackstone Sr., American magician and illusionist (b. 1885) **W. T. Cosgrave, Irish politician, president of the Chairman of the Provisional Government of the Irish Free State, Provisional Government and the President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State, Executive Council of the Irish Free State (b. 1880) * November 18 ** Khalid al-Azm, 5-time Prime Minister of Syria and acting President of Syria (b. 1903) ** Henry A. Wallace, 33rd Vice President of the United States (b. 1888) * November 24 – Abdullah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (b. 1895) * November 25 – Dame Myra Hess, English pianist (b. 1890)


December

* December 5 – Joseph Erlanger, American physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874) * December 9 – Branch Rickey, American baseball executive (b. 1881) * December 10 – Henry Cowell, American composer (b. 1897) * December 11 – George Constantinescu, Romanian scientist (b. 1881) * December 15 – Joseph Bamina, 8th Prime Minister of Burundi (executed) (b. 1927) * December 16 ** W. Somerset Maugham, English writer (b. 1874) ** Tito Schipa, Italian tenor (b. 1889) ** Queen Sālote Tupou III of Tonga, (b. 1900) * December 24 – William M. Branham, American minister (b. 1909) * December 27 – Edgar Ende, German painter (b. 1901) * December 29 – Kosaku Yamada, Japanese composer and conductor (b. 1886)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Shin'ichirō Tomonaga, Julian Schwinger, Richard Feynman, Richard P. Feynman * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Robert Burns Woodward * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – François Jacob, André Michel Lwoff, Jacques Monod * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Mikhail Sholokhov * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – UNICEF, United Nation's Children's Fund (UNICEF)


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:1965 1965,