The 1921 Alberta general election was held on July 18, 1921, to elect members to the

5th Alberta Legislative Assembly The 5th Alberta Legislative Assembly was in session from February 2, 1922, to May 25, 1926, with the membership of the assembly determined by the results of the 1921 Alberta general election held on July 18, 1921. The Legislature officially resu ...

. The Liberal government is replaced by the

United Farmers of Alberta The United Farmers of Alberta (UFA) is an association of Alberta farmers that has served different roles in its 100-year history – as a lobby group, a successful political party, and as a farm-supply retail chain. As a political party, it forme ...

. It was one of only five times that Alberta has changed governments. The

Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. For example, while the political systems ...

, which had governed the province since its creation in 1905, led by Charles Stewart at the time of the election, was defeated by a very-new

political party. The UFA, an agricultural lobby organization formed in 1909, was contesting its first general election. It had previously elected one MLA in a by-election. Under the

Block Voting Block or bloc voting refers to a class of electoral systems where multiple candidates are elected simultaneously. They do not guarantee minority representation and allow a group of voters (a voting bloc) to ensure that only their preferred candi ...

system used in Edmonton and Calgary, each city voter could vote for up to five candidates. Medicine Hat also used block voting. Voters there could vote for up to two candidates. All other districts remained one voter – one vote, with the winner decided by

first-past-the-post voting First-past-the-post (FPTP)—also called choose-one, first-preference plurality (FPP), or simply plurality—is a single-winner voting rule. Voters mark one candidate as their favorite, or first-preference, and the candidate with more first- ...

. No party ran a full slate of candidates province-wide. The UFA ran candidates in most of the rural constituencies, and one in Edmonton. The Liberal Party ran candidates in almost all the constituencies. The Conservatives ran a bare dozen candidates, mostly in the cities. Labour mostly avoided running against UFA candidates, by running candidates in the cities and in Rocky Mountain, where it counted on coal miners' votes. The United Farmers took most of the rural seats, doing particularly well in the heavily Protestant south of the province. A majority of the votes in the constituencies where the UFA ran candidates went to the UFA. Labour took four seats, two in Calgary. Alex Ross, Labour MLA, was named to the UFA government cabinet, in a sort of coalition government. The Liberals took all the seats in Edmonton, due to the block-voting system in use. This multiple-vote system also skewed the vote count.

The campaign

Liberals and the AGT scandal

The Liberal Party, which had governed the province since 1905, were led into the election by its third Premier and leader, Charles Stewart. The

Alberta Government Telephones Alberta Government Telephones (AGT) was the telephone provider in most of Alberta from 1906 to 1991. AGT was formed by the Liberal Party of Alberta, Liberal government of Alexander Cameron Rutherford in 1906Wilson, Kevin G., Deregulating Teleco ...

scandal broke before the election. Albertans learned that the Liberals had tried to garner support and votes by directing the government-owned Alberta Government Telephones company to buy telephone poles and have them crated and shipped in big stacks to remote communities. This was intended to give the impression that if the Liberal government was re-elected, AGT would install phone lines there, when the government had no such plan.

United Farmers

The United Farmers of Alberta under the leadership of President Henry Wise Wood was contesting its first general election. The UFA's political wing, as a party, had come into being after the UFA had voted to no longer be content with being a lobby group. It merged with the Non-Partisan League of Alberta, which had formed before the 1917 general election and had two sitting members. Non-Partisan League activists were significant within the political machinery of the United Farmers. The political strength of the merged party grew significantly after deciding to participate in elections directly. It won its first victory with the election of Alexander Moore in the

Cochrane district Cochrane District is a district and census division in Northeastern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It was created in 1921 from parts of Timiskaming and Thunder Bay districts. In 2021, the district's population was 77,963, with a l ...

in 1919 and achieved a coup when Conservative leader George Hoadley crossed the floor. The two Non-Partisan League MLAs, despite not changing their affiliation, caucused with the two new United Farmers MLAs. Wise Wood knew midway through the election campaign that his party was going to form government. In a famous speech he gave in

Medicine Hat Medicine Hat is a city in Southern Alberta, southeast Alberta, Canada. It is located along the South Saskatchewan River. It is approximately east of Lethbridge and southeast of Calgary. This city and the adjacent Town of Redcliff, Alberta, R ...

on July 8, 1921, he was quoted as saying ''"Farmers may not be ready to take over government, but they are going to do it anyway"''. He also said in that speech that he would have preferred that only his 20 best candidates were elected, to form the opposition, but he said he expected there would be a lot more than that elected. The UFA's sitting MLAs - George Hoadley, Alexander Moore and James Weir, formerly of the NPL - were re-elected in 1921.

Split in the Labour forces

The campaign was contested by two provincial labour parties: a main party named the Dominion Labor and a separate group in Edmonton named the Independent Labor Party. The Dominion Labor Party ran candidates in the primarily urban ridings of Calgary, Edmonton, Lethbridge and Medicine Hat. Its President Holmes Jowatt declining to seek office himself, instead devoting his energies help other candidates. At the beginning of the election Independent Labor Party offered to nominate Edmonton area candidates at a joint convention with the DLP, to prevent the splitting of the labour vote and use the co-operative good-will to eventually unite the parties. The Dominion Labor Party declined the offer, stating that to do so would divide its own ticket. Among the ILP candidates was pioneer photographer Ernest Brown, soon after to lead meetings of the Communist Party, which had been formed in May 1921.

Conservatives

The Conservative Party, which had been the primary opposition in the province since it was created in 1905, had suffered a split in the ranks under the leadership of George Hoadley. The caucus divided into two separate Conservative caucuses. Then Hoadley left the Conservative party to sit as an Independent and then won the UFA nomination in

Okotoks Okotoks ( , originally ) is a town in the Calgary Metropolitan Region, Calgary Region of Alberta, Canada. It is on the Sheep River, approximately south of Downtown Calgary. Okotoks has emerged as a bedroom community of Calgary. According to t ...

. The party replaced Hoadley by selecting Albert Ewing, an Edmonton area Member of the Legislative Assembly, as party leader. Conservative candidates spent the campaign criticizing the wasteful and extravagant spending of the Liberal government. They also reminded Alberta voters of the

telephone pole scandal. The Conservatives campaigned for reforms to the provincial tax code, provincial resource rights and voter list reforms in the Election Act. Despite the split in the party the Conservative campaign attracted some high-profile support. Former Liberal Premier Alexander Rutherford a big supporter of Ewing, led the campaign for the five Conservative candidates contesting for Edmonton seats. The Conservative party was a long time recovering from the split in the party. Supporters of Hoadley and their rural base moved to the United Farmers. The change caused by amalgamating the districts in Calgary and Edmonton to a city-wide district in each city did not help Conservative candidates. Nor did the block voting system that was imposed. In Edmonton the Liberal block, although just a minority of the votes cast, dominated and all five seats were captured by Liberal candidates. The only Conservative to return was Lethbridge MLA John Stewart. Albert Ewing went down to defeat in Edmonton.

Socialist Party of Canada The Socialist Party of Canada (SPC) was a political party that existed from 1904 to 1925, led by E. T. Kingsley. It published the newspaper, '' Western Clarion''. History Establishment The Socialist Party of Canada was founded at the Sociali ...

The

Socialist Party Socialist Party is the name of many different political parties around the world. All of these parties claim to uphold some form of socialism, though they may have very different interpretations of what "socialism" means. Statistically, most of th ...

had been in decline in Alberta since Charles O'Brien lost his seat in the 1913 general election. Two Socialist candidates ran in this election, under the banner Labour Socialist, Frank Williams in Calgary and Marie Mellard in Edmonton. Marie Mellard joined the new Communist Party within the year.

Calgary, Edmonton and Medicine Hat voters cast multiple votes

Liberal candidates won a larger share of the votes cast than the UFA (about 34%, compared to 29% for the UFA). But the popular vote numbers exaggerate the actual number of Liberal party supporters. Urban voters in Calgary and Edmonton were allowed to place five votes and Medicine Hat voters 2 votes, as the block-voting system was used in the cities and Edmonton and Calgary contained 5 seats each and Medicine Hat 2 seats. Voters in the other constituencies, most of which were contested by the UFA, only had one vote each under the

first past the post First-past-the-post (FPTP)—also called choose-one, first-preference plurality (FPP), or simply plurality—is a single-winner voting rule. Voters mark one candidate as their favorite, or First-preference votes, first-preference, and the cand ...

electoral system. The United Farmers ran no candidate in Calgary and only a single candidate in Edmonton. Thus it did not benefit from the multiple city vote. This over-representation of big-city voters was so significant that more than 120,000 more votes were counted than there were voters voting. This is significant as no single party received more than 102,000 votes. The Liberal Party received 28,000 votes in Edmonton and 20,000 votes in Calgary, almost half of their total across the province, under this system where each big-city Liberal voter could lodge five votes for the party. If you give the Liberal Party only one-fifth of their vote tally in Edmonton and Calgary, the Liberal Party total vote count decreases to well below the UFA total. Now it could be that each voter in Edmonton gave one of his/her votes to the Liberals (but not likely), but even so the Liberal candidates in Edmonton received 8,000 more votes in Edmonton than there were voters who voted. This 8,000 is more than half the difference between the Liberal's and the UFA's tallies province-wide. As well, in Calgary 17,000 voters cast about 76,000 votes. As none of these went to UFA candidates (none ran in Calgary) this massive multiple voting going elsewhere gave the UFA a lower proportion overall. It was also noted by defenders of the government that the UFA's percentage of total seats (62 percent) was identical to the percentage of votes it received in the constituencies in which it did run candidates.

Aftermath

The result of the election radically and forever altered the political landscape of the province. The United Farmers won a majority government, mostly with rural MLAs predominantly from the south of the province, while the Liberals, formerly in power, were moved to the opposition side of the Chamber with MLAs in the cities of Calgary and Edmonton and some northern strongholds. The Liberals have never won power again; the closest they have come since then was winning 39 seats and opposition status in

1993 The United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly of the United Nations designated 1993 as: * International Year for the World's Indigenous People The year 1993 in the Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands had only 364 days, since its ...

. As well from 1921 to 1971, the Alberta provincial government was not the same as either of the two largest parties in the House of Commons. From 1917 to 1979 the Alberta provincial government and the House of Commons were not controlled by parties of the same name. (This made for interesting meetings between premiers and the Prime Minister, later conducted under the name

First Ministers' Conference In Canada, a First Ministers' conference (or First Ministers' meeting) is a meeting of the provincial and territorial premiers and the Prime Minister. These events are held at the call of the prime minister. They are usually held in Ottawa. ...

.) The 38 MLAs who attended the first United Farmers caucus meeting voted unanimously for UFA President Henry Wise Wood to lead the government as premier. Wood declined becoming premier saying he was more interested in operating the machinery of the United Farmers movement rather than crafting government policy. He had actually opposed the UFA becoming a political party for fear that political in-fighting would break up the movement. He said he feared that the UFA would repeat what had happened elsewhere when farmers movements engaged in electoral politics, rose to power and tore themselves apart. He said he wanted to remain focused on the farmers movement as a non-partisan movement and as an economic group instead of as a political party. The UFA vice-president, Percival Baker, had won his riding with a majority of votes, but had been badly injured in a tree-falling accident during the campaign. He died the day after the election. It was speculated he would have had at least a place in the cabinet if he had lived. The United Farmers caucus finally chose Herbert Greenfield, a UFA executive member who had not run in the election, to become premier.

Results

Members elected

, - ,

Acadia Acadia (; ) was a colony of New France in northeastern North America which included parts of what are now the The Maritimes, Maritime provinces, the Gaspé Peninsula and Maine to the Kennebec River. The population of Acadia included the various ...

, , James C. Cottrell
906
22.58% , , , Lorne Proudfoot
3,106
77.42% , , , , , , , , , John A. McColl , - ,

Alexandra Alexandra () is a female given name of Greek origin. It is the first attested form of its variants, including Alexander (, ). Etymology, Etymologically, the name is a compound of the Greek verb (; meaning 'to defend') and (; genitive, GEN , ; ...

, , Theodore H. Currie
282
11.38% , , , Peter J. Enzenauer
2,195
88.62% , , , , , , , , , James R. Lowery , - , Athabasca , , , George Mills
1,043
70.43% , , , , John Angelo
438
29.57% , , , , , , , Alexander Grant MacKay , - , Beaver River , , , Joseph M. Dechene
1,560
62.33% , , H. Montambault
943
37.67% , , , , , , , , , Wilfrid Gariepy , - , Bow Valley , , ,

Charles Richmond Mitchell Charles Richmond Mitchell (November 30, 1872 – August 16, 1942) was a Canadian lawyer, judge, cabinet minister and former Leader of the Official Opposition in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta. Early life Mitchell was born in Newcastle, Ne ...

1,694
72.30% , , George A. Love
649
27.70% , , , , , , , , ,

, - , Camrose , , George P. Smith
2,391
44.03% , , , Vernor W. Smith
3,040
55.97% , , , , , , , , , George P. Smith , - , Cardston , , Martin Woolf
615
31.46% , , , George Lewis Stringam
1,340
68.54% , , , , , , , , , Martin Woolf , - ,

Claresholm Claresholm is a town located within southern Alberta, Canada. It is located on Highway 2, approximately northwest of the City of Lethbridge and south of the City of Calgary. History The location was originally a watering stop for steam engin ...

, , , ,

Louise McKinney Louise McKinney (; 22 September 186810 July 1931) was a Canadian politician, Temperance movement, temperance advocate, and women's rights activist. She was the first woman elected into the Legislative Assembly of Alberta and the first woman to ...

763
48.54% , , , , , , , Thomas Charles Milnes (Ind.)
809
51.46% , , ,

, - , rowspan="2", Clearwater , , , Joseph E. State
234
41.94% , , , , , , , , Robert G. Campbell
117
20.97% , rowspan="2" , , rowspan="2", Joseph E. State , - , , O.T. Lee
147
26.34% , , , , , , , , S.W. Chambers
60
10.75% , - , Cochrane , , A.S. McDonald
541
36.02% , , , Alexander Moore
961
63.98% , , , , , , , , , Alexander Moore , - ,

Coronation A coronation ceremony marks the formal investiture of a monarch with regal power using a crown. In addition to the crowning, this ceremony may include the presentation of other items of regalia, and other rituals such as the taking of special v ...

, , Arthur M. Day
960
20.44% , , , George Norman Johnston
3,736
79.56% , , , , , , , , , William Wallace Wilson , - ,

Didsbury Didsbury is a suburb of Manchester, England, on the north bank of the River Mersey, south of Manchester city centre. The population at the United Kingdom Census 2011, 2011 census was 26,788. Within the boundaries of the Historic counties of ...

, , George H. Webber
1,734
40.69% , , , Austin Bingley Claypool
2,528
59.31% , , , , , , , , , Henry B. Atkins , - , Edson , , , Charles Wilson Cross
1,321
57.94% , , , , John Diamond
959
42.06% , , , , , , , Charles Wilson Cross , - ,

Gleichen Gleichen () is the name of two groups of castles in Germany, thus named from their resemblance to each other (). Castles in Thuringia between Gotha and Erfurt The first is a group of three (hence called "die drei hreeGleichen"), each situated o ...

, , Harry Scott
1,065
40.49% , , , John C. Buckley
1,565
59.51% , , , , , , , , , Fred Davis , - , Grouard , , , Jean Léon Côté
963
57.84% , , Henry George Dimsdale
702
42.16% , , , , , , , , , Jean Léon Côté , - , Hand Hills , , Robert Berry Eaton
1,583
27.13% , , , Gordon A. Forster
4,252
72.87% , , , , , , , , , Robert Berry Eaton , - ,

High River High River is a town within the Calgary Metropolitan Region of Alberta, Canada. It is approximately south of Calgary, at the junction of Alberta Highways 2 and 23. High River had a population of 14,324 in 2021. History The community takes ...

, , J.V. Drumheller
867
46.09% , , , Samuel Brown
1,014
53.91% , , , , , , , , , George Douglas Stanley , - , Innisfail , , Daniel J. Morkeberg
741
30.85% , , , Donald Cameron
1,661
69.15% , , , , , , , , , Daniel J. Morkeberg , - , Lac Ste. Anne , , C.J. Stiles
837
32.98% , , , Charles Milton McKeen
1,574
62.02% , , , , , , J.H. Mackay (Ind.)
127
5.00% , , , George R. Barker , - , Lacombe , , William Franklin Puffer
1,539
42.14% , , , Mary Irene Parlby
2,113
57.86% , , , , , , , , , Andrew Gilmour , - , Leduc , , , Stanley G. Tobin
1,351
50.19% , , D.S. Muir
1,341
49.81% , , , , , , , , , Stanley G. Tobin , - ,

Lethbridge Lethbridge ( ) is a city in the province of Alberta, Canada. With a population of 106,550 in the 2023 Alberta municipal censuses, 2023 municipal census, Lethbridge became the fourth Alberta city to surpass 100,000 people. The nearby Canadian ...

, , , , , , , , John Marsh
1,374
37.89% , , , John S. Stewart (Ind.)
2,252
62.11% , , , - , Little Bow , , James McNaughton
856
35.52% , , , Oran Leo McPherson
1,554
64.48% , , , , , , , , , James McNaughton , - ,

Macleod MacLeod, McLeod and Macleod ( ) are surnames in the English language. The names are anglicised forms of the Scottish Gaelic ', meaning "son of Leòd", derived from the Old Norse ''Liótr'' ("ugly"). One of the earliest occurrences of the surnam ...

, , George Skelding
620
46.03% , , , William H. Shield
727
53.97% , , , , , , , , , George Skelding , - ,

, , Oliver Boyd
2,278
18.9%
H. H. Foster
2,013
16.7% , , , Perren E. Baker
4,165
34.5% , , , , , William G. Johnston
3,602
29.9% , , , , , Nelson C. Spencer , - , Nanton , , John M. Glendenning
458
38.65% , , , Daniel Harcourt Galbraith
727
61.35% , , , , , , , , , James Weir , - ,

, , Ernest Austin Daggett
390
25.67% , , , George Hoadley
1,129
74.33% , , , , , , , , , George Hoadley , - , Olds , , Duncan Marshall
1,238
39.50% , , , Nelson S. Smith
1,896
60.50% , , , , , , , , , Duncan Marshall , - ,

Peace River The Peace River () is a river in Canada that originates in the Rocky Mountains of northern British Columbia and flows to the northeast through northern Alberta. The Peace River joins the Athabasca River in the Peace-Athabasca Delta to form the ...

, , , , ,

Donald MacBeth Kennedy Donald MacBeth Kennedy (August 21, 1884 – September 25, 1957) was a Canadian farmer as well as a provincial and federal level Canadian politician representing Albertans. He was a UFA MLA 1921-1922 and a Progressive/UFA MP 1921–1935. Biograp ...

3,291
62.69% , , , , , , , , , William A. Rae , - , Pembina , , J.H. Phillips
540
21.40% , , , George MacLachlan
1,838
72.85% , , , , , , F.D. Armitage (Ind.)
145
5.75% , , , Gordon MacDonald , - , Pincher Creek , , Harvey Bossenberry
471
34.43% , , , Earle G. Cook
572
41.81% , , , , , , A.E. Cox
192
14.01%
Donald Randolph McIvor
133
9.72% , , , John H.W.S. Kemmis , - , Ponoka , , William A. Campbell
815
36.94% , , , P. Baker
1,391
63.06% , , , , , , , , , Charles Orin Cunningham , - ,

Red Deer The red deer (''Cervus elaphus'') is one of the largest deer species. A male red deer is called a stag or Hart (deer), hart, and a female is called a doe or hind. The red deer inhabits most of Europe, the Caucasus Mountains region, Anatolia, Ir ...

, , John J. Gaetz
1,146
34.66% , , , George Wilbert Smith
2,160
65.34% , , , , , , , , , Edward Michener , - , Redcliff , , Charles S. Pingle
1,387
41.56% , , , William C. Smith
1,950
58.44% , , , , , , , , , Charles S. Pingle , - , Ribstone , , James Gray Turgeon
909
29.31% , , , Charles O.F. Wright
2,192
70.69% , , , , , , , , , James Gray Turgeon , - ,

Rocky Mountain The Rocky Mountains, also known as the Rockies, are a major mountain range and the largest mountain system in North America. The Rocky Mountains stretch in straight-line distance from the northernmost part of Western Canada, to New Mexico in ...

, , Alexander M. Morrison
1,143
35.08% , , Wallace James Sharpe
811
24.89% , , , , , Philip Martin Christophers
1,304
40.02% , , , , , Robert E. Campbell , - , Sedgewick , , , Charles Stewart
''Acclaimed'' , , , , , , , , , , , Charles Stewart , - , St. Albert , , Lucien Boudreau
1,000
44.76% , , , Telesphore St. Arnaud
1,234
55.24% , , , , , , , , , Lucien Boudreau , - , St. Paul , , Prosper-Edmond Lessard
984
41.66% , , , Laudas Joly
1,378
58.34% , , , , , , , , , Prosper-Edmond Lessard , - , Stettler , , Edward H. Prudden
1,608
34.11% , , , Albert L. Sanders
3,106
65.89% , , , , , , , , , Edward H. Prudden , - , Stony Plain , , Jacob Miller
647
32.33% , , , Willard M. Washburn
1,001
50.02% , , Frederick W. Lundy
306
15.29% , , , , Dan Brox (Ind.)
47
2.35% , , , Frederick W. Lundy , - ,

Sturgeon Sturgeon (from Old English ultimately from Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European *''str̥(Hx)yón''-) is the common name for the 27 species of fish belonging to the family Acipenseridae. The earliest sturgeon fossils date to the ...

, ,

John Robert Boyle John Robert Boyle (February 3, 1871 – February 15, 1936) was a Canadian politician and jurist who served as a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, a cabinet minister in the Government of Alberta, and a judge on the Supreme Court of ...

7,310
72.20% , , , Samuel Allen Carson
2,815
27.80% , , , , , , , , ,

, - , Taber , , Archibald J. McLean
1,991
46.30% , , , Lawrence Peterson
2,309
53.70% , , , , , , , , , Archibald J. McLean , - ,

Vegreville Vegreville () is a town in central Alberta, Canada. It is on Highway 16A approximately east of Edmonton, Alberta's capital city. It was incorporated as a town in 1906, and that year also saw the founding of the ''Vegreville Observer'', a week ...

, , Joseph S. McCallum
1,325
30.31% , , , Archibald Malcolm Matheson
3,047
69.69% , , , , , , , , , Joseph S. McCallum , - ,

Vermilion Vermilion (sometimes vermillion) is a color family and pigment most often used between antiquity and the 19th century from the powdered mineral cinnabar (a form of mercury sulfide). It is synonymous with red orange, which often takes a moder ...

, , Arthur W. Ebbett
939
24.11% , , , Richard Gavin Reid
2,955
75.89% , , , , , , , , , Arthur W. Ebbett , - , Victoria , , Francis A. Walker
1,288
47.90% , , , Wasyl Fedun
1,401
52.10% , , , , , , , , , Francis A. Walker , - , Wainwright , , Harcus Strachan
913
28.10% , , , John Russell Love
1,877
57.77% , , George LeRoy Hudson
459
14.13% , , , , , , , George LeRoy Hudson , - , Warner , , Frank S. Leffingwell
490
39.36% , , , Maurice Joy Conner
755
60.64% , , , , , , , , , Frank S. Leffingwell , - ,

Wetaskiwin Wetaskiwin ( ) is a city in the province of Alberta, Canada. The city is located south of the provincial capital of Edmonton. The city name comes from the Cree word , meaning "the hills where peace was made". Wetaskiwin is home to the Reyn ...

, , Hugh John Montgomery
1,216
44.64% , , , Evert E. Sparks
1,508
55.36% , , , , , , , , , Hugh John Montgomery , - , Whitford , , , Andrew S. Shandro
''Acclaimed'' , , , , , , , , , , , Andrew S. Shandro , - 10 by-elections were held in the months after the election. Some were held to sit several UFA MLAs and one Labour MLA in the new cabinet. Herbert Greenfield after being chosen to serve as premier ran for a seat in a by-election. John Brownlee after being chosen to serve as a cabinet minister ran for a seat in a by-election. Another was held after a Liberal MLA (Andrew Shandro) was thrown down for taking a seat under suspicious circumstances. All were successful for the UFA (and one Labour).

Calgary

Edmonton

Notes

References

External links

Elections Alberta
{{AlbertaElections Alberta general

1921 Events January * January 2 ** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in First Brazilian Republic, Brazil. ** The Spanish lin ...

General election A general election is an electoral process to choose most or all members of a governing body at the same time. They are distinct from By-election, by-elections, which fill individual seats that have become vacant between general elections. Gener ...

Alberta general election