The 1910 Australian federal election was held in
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
on 13 April 1910. All 75 seats in the
House of Representatives
House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entities. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often ...
, and 18 of the 36 seats in the
Senate
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...
were up for election. The incumbent
Liberal Party
The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world.
The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. For example, while the political systems ...
(formed by the fusion of the
Protectionist Party
The Protectionist Party, also known as the Protectionist Liberal Party or Liberal Protectionist Party, was an Politics of Australia, Australian political party, formally organised from 1887 until 1909, with policies centred on protectionism. T ...
and the
Anti-Socialist Party in 1909) led by Prime Minister
Alfred Deakin
Alfred Deakin (3 August 1856 – 7 October 1919) was an Australian politician who served as the second Prime Minister of Australia, prime minister of Australia from 1903 to 1904, 1905 to 1908, and 1909 to 1910. He held office as the leader of th ...
was defeated by the opposition
Australian Labor Party
The Australian Labor Party (ALP), also known as the Labor Party or simply Labor, is the major Centre-left politics, centre-left List of political parties in Australia, political party in Australia and one of two Major party, major parties in Po ...
(ALP) led by
Andrew Fisher.
The election represented a number of landmarks: it was Australia's first elected federal
majority government
A majority government is a government by one or more governing parties that hold an absolute majority of seats in a legislature. Such a government can consist of one party that holds a majority on its own, or be a coalition government of multi ...
; Australia's first elected Senate majority; the world's first
labour party majority government at a national level; after the 1904
Chris Watson
John Christian Watson (born Johan Cristian Tanck; 9 April 186718 November 1941) was an Australian politician who served as the third prime minister of Australia from April to August 1904. He held office as the inaugural federal leader of the Au ...
minority and Fisher's former minority government the world's third labour party government at a national level; the first time it controlled ''both'' houses of a bicameral legislature; and the first time that a prime minister, in this case Deakin, was defeated at an election. It also remains the only election in Australia's federal history to have occurred following expiration of a full three-year parliamentary term by the "effluxion of time". This was the first time the Labor Party won a federal election.
Two
referendums to approve proposed amendments to the
Constitution
A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organization or other type of entity, and commonly determines how that entity is to be governed.
When these pri ...
were held on the same day. The
State Debts referendum was carried, but the
Surplus Revenue referendum was not carried.
Future Prime Minister
James Scullin and future opposition leader
Matthew Charlton both entered parliament at this election. Scullin lost his seat at the subsequent
1913 election and did not re-enter parliament until
1922.
Background
After the 1906 election, the House of Representatives first met on 20 February 1907. Prime Minister
Alfred Deakin
Alfred Deakin (3 August 1856 – 7 October 1919) was an Australian politician who served as the second Prime Minister of Australia, prime minister of Australia from 1903 to 1904, 1905 to 1908, and 1909 to 1910. He held office as the leader of th ...
allowed the parliament to run to its maximum permissible length under
section 28 of the constitution (three years). Its final meeting ended on 8 December 1909, and it was then
prorogued until 19 February 1910 at which point it expired by "effluxion of time". This remains the only occasion to date where the House has been allowed to expire, rather than being dissolved earlier by the Governor-General. The writs for the election were issued on 28 February, producing the longest gap between federal elections in Australian history.
Results
House of Representatives
----
Notes
* Independents:
William Lyne (
Hume, NSW),
George Wise (
Gippsland, Vic)
* Four members were elected unopposed: two Labor and two Liberal.
Senate
Seats changing hands
* Members listed in italics did not contest their seat at this election.
* Electorates listed as previously won by a margin of 100% were contested in 1906 as Anti-Socialists v Protectionists (Echuca and Hume) or by two Protectionists (Corio and Gippsland): these parties merged to form the Commonwealth Liberal Party on 26 May 1909.
Post-election pendulum
See also
*
Candidates of the 1910 Australian federal election
*
Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 1910–1913
*
Members of the Australian Senate, 1910–1913
Member may refer to:
* Military jury, referred to as "Members" in military jargon
* Element (mathematics), an object that belongs to a mathematical set
* In object-oriented programming, a member of a class
** Field (computer science), entries in ...
Notes
Notes
Citations
References
University of WAelection results in Australia since 1890
{{DEFAULTSORT:Australian Federal Election, 1910
Federal elections in Australia
1910 elections in Australia
April 1910