HOME

TheInfoList



OR:


Events


Pre-1600

* 618 – Li Yuan becomes
Emperor Gaozu of Tang Emperor Gaozu of Tang (7 April 566 – 25 June 635), born Li Yuan, courtesy name Shude, was the founding Emperor of China, emperor of the Tang dynasty of China, reigning from 618 to 626 CE. Under the Sui dynasty, Li Yuan was the governor in t ...
, initiating three centuries of
Tang dynasty The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, c=唐朝), or the Tang Empire, was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907, with an Wu Zhou, interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed ...
rule over China. *
656 __NOTOC__ Year 656 (Roman numerals, DCLVI) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 656 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent metho ...
Ali Ali ibn Abi Talib (; ) was the fourth Rashidun caliph who ruled from until his assassination in 661, as well as the first Shia Imam. He was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Born to Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib an ...
becomes Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate. * 860Byzantine–Rus' War: A fleet of about 200
Rus' Rus or RUS may refer to: People * East Slavic historical peoples (). See Names of Rus', Russia and Ruthenia ** Rus' people, the people of Rus' ** Rus, a legendary eponymous ancestor, see Lech, Czech and Rus * Rus (surname), a surname found in Ro ...
vessels sails into the
Bosphorus The Bosporus or Bosphorus Strait ( ; , colloquially ) is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Istanbul, Turkey. The Bosporus connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara and forms one of the continental bo ...
and starts pillaging the suburbs of the
Byzantine The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centred on Constantinople during late antiquity and the Middle Ages. Having survived the events that caused the fall of the Western Roman E ...
capital
Constantinople Constantinople (#Names of Constantinople, see other names) was a historical city located on the Bosporus that served as the capital of the Roman Empire, Roman, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine, Latin Empire, Latin, and Ottoman Empire, Ottoman empire ...
. *
1053 Year 1053 ( MLIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * End of the Pecheneg Revolt: Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos makes peace with the Pechenegs. However, Pecheneg raid ...
Battle of Civitate The Battle of Civitate was fought on 18 June 1053 in southern Italy, between the Normans, led by the Count of Apulia Humphrey of Hauteville, and a Swabian-Italian- Lombard army, organised by Pope Leo IX and led on the battlefield by Gerard, Duk ...
: Three thousand
Norman Norman or Normans may refer to: Ethnic and cultural identity * The Normans, a people partly descended from Norse Vikings who settled in the territory of Normandy in France in the 9th and 10th centuries ** People or things connected with the Norma ...
horsemen of Count Humphrey rout the troops of
Pope Leo IX Pope Leo IX (, , 21 June 1002 – 19 April 1054), born Bruno von Egisheim-Dagsburg, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 February 1049 to his death in 1054. Leo IX is considered to be one of the most historica ...
. * 1264 – The
Parliament of Ireland The Parliament of Ireland () was the legislature of the Lordship of Ireland, and later the Kingdom of Ireland, from 1297 until the end of 1800. It was modelled on the Parliament of England and from 1537 comprised two chambers: the Irish Hou ...
meets at
Castledermot Castledermot () is an inland town in the south-east of Republic of Ireland, Ireland in County Kildare, about from Dublin, and from the town of Carlow. The N9 road (Ireland), N9 road from Dublin to Waterford previously passed through the villa ...
in
County Kildare County Kildare () is a Counties of Ireland, county in Ireland. It is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Leinster and is part of the Eastern and Midland Region. It is named after the town of Kildare. Kildare County Council is the Local gove ...
, the first definitively known meeting of this Irish
legislature A legislature (, ) is a deliberative assembly with the legal authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country, nation or city on behalf of the people therein. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial power ...
. *
1265 Year 1265 ( MCCLXV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * January 20 – In Westminster, the first elected English parliament (called Montfort's Parliament) conducts its first meeting i ...
– A draft Byzantine–Venetian treaty is concluded between Venetian envoys and Emperor
Michael VIII Palaiologos Michael VIII Palaiologos or Palaeologus (; 1224 – 11 December 1282) reigned as Byzantine emperor from 1261 until his death in 1282, and previously as the co-emperor of the Empire of Nicaea from 1259 to 1261. Michael VIII was the founder of th ...
, but is not ratified by Doge
Reniero Zeno Coat of arms of Reniero Zeno Silver Grosso of Doge Raniero Zeno, 1253–1268, Venice. Reniero Zeno () (died 7 July 1268) was the 45th Doge of Venice, reigning from 1 January 1253 until his death in 1268. Life The first references to Reniero ...
. *
1391 Year 1391 ( MCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * June 6 – Massacre of 1391: Anti-Jewish pogroms erupt in Seville, Spain. Many thousands of Jews are massacred, and the v ...
Tokhtamysh–Timur war The Tokhtamysh–Timur war was fought from 1386 to 1395 between Tokhtamysh, the khan of the Golden Horde, and the warlord and conqueror Timur, founder of the Timurid Empire, in the areas of the Caucasus Mountains, Turkestan and Eastern Europe. ...
:
Battle of the Kondurcha River The Battle of the Kondurcha River (18 June 1391) was the first major battle of the Tokhtamysh–Timur war. It took place at the Kondurcha River, in the Bulgar Ulus of the Golden Horde, in present-day Samara Oblast, Russia. Tokhtamysh's cavalr ...
:
Timur Timur, also known as Tamerlane (1320s17/18 February 1405), was a Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire in and around modern-day Afghanistan, Iran, and Central Asia, becoming the first ruler of the Timurid dynasty. An undefeat ...
defeats
Tokhtamysh Tokhtamysh ( Turki/ Kypchak and Persian: توقتمش; ; ; – 1406) was Khan of the Golden Horde from 1380 to 1395. He briefly succeeded in consolidating the Blue and White Hordes into a single polity. Tokhtamysh belonged to the House of Bo ...
of the
Golden Horde The Golden Horde, self-designated as ''Ulug Ulus'' ( in Turkic) was originally a Mongols, Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originating as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire. With the division of ...
in present-day southeast Russia. *
1429 Year 1429 ( MCDXXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 6 – The Congress of Lutsk opened in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the castle of Liubartas in Lutsk. In ad ...
Charles VII's army defeats an English army under John Talbot at the
Battle of Patay The Battle of Patay, fought on 18 June 1429 during the Hundred Years' War, was the culmination of the Loire Campaign between the French and English in north-central France. In this engagement, the horsemen of the French vanguard inflicted hea ...
during the
Hundred Years' War The Hundred Years' War (; 1337–1453) was a conflict between the kingdoms of Kingdom of England, England and Kingdom of France, France and a civil war in France during the Late Middle Ages. It emerged from feudal disputes over the Duchy ...
. The English lost 2,200 men, over half their army, crippling their efforts during this segment of the war.


1601–1900

*
1633 Events January–March * January 20 – Galileo Galilei, having been summoned to Rome on orders of Pope Urban VIII, leaves for Florence for his journey. His carriage is halted at Ponte a Centino at the border of Tuscany, wher ...
Charles I Charles I may refer to: Kings and emperors * Charlemagne (742–814), numbered Charles I in the lists of Holy Roman Emperors and French kings * Charles I of Anjou (1226–1285), also king of Albania, Jerusalem, Naples and Sicily * Charles I of ...
is crowned King of Scots at
St Giles' Cathedral St Giles' Cathedral (), or the High Kirk of Edinburgh, is a parish church of the Church of Scotland in the Old Town, Edinburgh, Old Town of Edinburgh. The current building was begun in the 14th century and extended until the early 16th century; ...
,
Edinburgh Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 Council areas of Scotland, council areas. The city is located in southeast Scotland and is bounded to the north by the Firth of Forth and to the south by the Pentland Hills. Edinburgh ...
. *
1684 Events January–March * January 5 ** King Charles II of England gives the title Duke of St Albans to Charles Beauclerk, his illegitimate son by Nell Gwyn. ** The earliest form of what is now the University of Tokyo (formally chartere ...
– The charter of the
Massachusetts Bay Colony The Massachusetts Bay Colony (1628–1691), more formally the Colony of Massachusetts Bay, was an English settlement on the east coast of North America around Massachusetts Bay, one of the several colonies later reorganized as the Province of M ...
is revoked via a ''
scire facias In English law, a writ of ''scire facias'' (Latin, meaning literally "make known") is a writ founded upon some judicial record directing the sheriff to make the record known to a specified party, and requiring the defendant to show cause why th ...
'' writ issued by an English court. *
1757 Events January–March * January 2 – Seven Years' War: The British East India Company Army, under the command of Robert Clive, captures Calcutta, India. * January 5 – Robert-François Damiens makes an unsuccessful assa ...
Battle of Kolín The Battle of Kolín (Kolin) on 18 June 1757 saw 54,000 Austrians under Count von Daun defeat 34,000 Prussians under Frederick the Great during the Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War). Prussian attempts to turn the Austrian right flank turn ...
between Prussian forces under
Frederick the Great Frederick II (; 24 January 171217 August 1786) was the monarch of Prussia from 1740 until his death in 1786. He was the last Hohenzollern monarch titled ''King in Prussia'', declaring himself ''King of Prussia'' after annexing Royal Prussia ...
and an Austrian army under the command of Field Marshal
Count Leopold Joseph von Daun Count Leopold Joseph von Daun (; 24 September 17055 February 1766), later Prince of Thiano, was an Austrian field marshal of the Imperial Army in the War of the Austrian Succession and Seven Years' War. Daun is considered one of the outstand ...
in the
Seven Years' War The Seven Years' War, 1756 to 1763, was a Great Power conflict fought primarily in Europe, with significant subsidiary campaigns in North America and South Asia. The protagonists were Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain and Kingdom of Prus ...
. *
1778 Events January–March * January 18 – Third voyage of James Cook: Sea captain, Captain James Cook, with ships HMS Resolution (1771), HMS ''Resolution'' and HMS Discovery (1774), HMS ''Discovery'', first views Oahu, Oʻahu th ...
American Revolutionary War The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the armed conflict that comprised the final eight years of the broader American Revolution, in which Am ...
: The
British Army The British Army is the principal Army, land warfare force of the United Kingdom. the British Army comprises 73,847 regular full-time personnel, 4,127 Brigade of Gurkhas, Gurkhas, 25,742 Army Reserve (United Kingdom), volunteer reserve perso ...
abandons
Philadelphia Philadelphia ( ), colloquially referred to as Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania, most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the List of United States cities by population, sixth-most populous city in the Unit ...
. *
1799 Events January–March * January 9 – British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduces an income tax of two shillings to the pound, to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the French Revolutionary Wars. * January ...
Action of 18 June 1799 The action of 18 June 1799 was a naval engagement of the War of the Second Coalition fought off Toulon in the wake of the Mediterranean campaign of 1798. A frigate squadron under Counter-admiral Jean-Baptiste Perrée, returning to Toulon from Sy ...
: A frigate squadron under Rear-admiral Jean-Baptiste Perrée is captured by the British fleet under Lord Keith. *
1803 Events January–March * January 1 – The first edition of Alexandre Balthazar Laurent Grimod de La Reynière's ''Almanach des gourmands'', the first guide to restaurant cooking, is published in Paris. * January 4 – William Symingt ...
Haitian Revolution The Haitian Revolution ( or ; ) was a successful insurrection by slave revolt, self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign state of Haiti. The revolution was the only known Slave rebellion, slave up ...
: The
Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom. It is a component of His Majesty's Naval Service, and its officers hold their commissions from the King of the United Kingdom, King. Although warships were used by Kingdom ...
led by Rear-Admiral
John Thomas Duckworth Admiral Sir John Thomas Duckworth, 1st Baronet, GCB (9 February 1748 – 31 August 1817) was an English Royal Navy officer, colonial administrator and politician who served in the Seven Years' War, American War of Independence, French Revolutio ...
commence the
blockade of Saint-Domingue The blockade of Saint-Domingue was a naval campaign fought during the first months of the Napoleonic Wars in which a series of British Royal Navy squadrons blockaded the French-held ports of Cap-Français and Môle-Saint-Nicolas on the norther ...
against French forces. *
1812 Events January–March * January 1 – The ''Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch'' (the Austrian civil code) enters into force in the Austrian Empire. * January 19 – Peninsular War: The French-held fortress of Ciudad Rodrigo Siege ...
– The United States
declaration of war A declaration of war is a formal act by which one state announces existing or impending war activity against another. The declaration is a performative speech act (or the public signing of a document) by an authorized party of a national gov ...
upon the United Kingdom is signed by President
James Madison James Madison (June 28, 1836) was an American statesman, diplomat, and Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father who served as the fourth president of the United States from 1809 to 1817. Madison was popularly acclaimed as the ...
, beginning the
War of 1812 The War of 1812 was fought by the United States and its allies against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom and its allies in North America. It began when the United States United States declaration of war on the Uni ...
. *
1815 Events January * January 2 – Lord Byron marries Anna Isabella Milbanke in Seaham, county of Durham, England. * January 3 – Austria, Britain, and Bourbon-restored France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Pr ...
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
: The
Battle of Waterloo The Battle of Waterloo was fought on Sunday 18 June 1815, near Waterloo, Belgium, Waterloo (then in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, now in Belgium), marking the end of the Napoleonic Wars. The French Imperial Army (1804–1815), Frenc ...
results in the defeat of
Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...
by the
Duke of Wellington Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and above sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they ar ...
and
Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher (; 21 December 1742 – 12 September 1819), ''Graf'' (count), later elevated to ''Fürst'' (prince) von Wahlstatt, was a Kingdom of Prussia, Prussian ''Generalfeldmarschall'' (field marshal). He earned his greatest ...
forcing him to abdicate the throne of
France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
for the second and last time. *
1822 Events January–March * January 1 – The Greek Constitution of 1822 is adopted by the First National Assembly at Epidaurus. * January 3 – The famous French explorer, Aimé Bonpland, is imprisoned in Paraguay on charges of espionage. ...
Konstantinos Kanaris Konstantinos Kanaris (, ; c. 1790Ottoman navy The Ottoman Navy () or the Imperial Navy (), also known as the Ottoman Fleet, was the naval warfare arm of the Ottoman Empire. It was established after the Ottomans first reached the sea in 1323 by capturing Praenetos (later called Karamürsel ...
's flagship at
Chios Chios (; , traditionally known as Scio in English) is the fifth largest Greece, Greek list of islands of Greece, island, situated in the northern Aegean Sea, and the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, tenth largest island in the Medi ...
, killing the
Kapudan Pasha The Kapudan Pasha (, modern Turkish: ), also known as the (, modern: , "Captain of the Sea") was the grand admiral of the Ottoman Navy. Typically, he was based at Galata and Gallipoli during the winter and charged with annual sailings durin ...
Nasuhzade Ali Pasha. *
1858 Events January–March * January 9 ** Revolt of Rajab Ali: British forces finally defeat Rajab Ali Khan of Chittagong. ** Anson Jones, the last president of the Republic of Texas, commits suicide. * January 14 – Orsini affair: Pi ...
Charles Darwin Charles Robert Darwin ( ; 12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English Natural history#Before 1900, naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology. His proposition that all speci ...
receives a paper from
Alfred Russel Wallace Alfred Russel Wallace (8 January 1823 – 7 November 1913) was an English naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, biologist and illustrator. He independently conceived the theory of evolution through natural selection; his 1858 pap ...
that includes nearly identical conclusions about
evolution Evolution is the change in the heritable Phenotypic trait, characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. It occurs when evolutionary processes such as natural selection and genetic drift act on genetic variation, re ...
as Darwin's own, prompting Darwin to publish his theory. *
1859 Events January–March * January 21 – José Mariano Salas (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim President of Mexico. * January 24 ( O. S.) – Under the rule of Alexandru Ioan Cuza, the provinces of Wallachia and Moldavia are uni ...
– First ascent of
Aletschhorn The Aletschhorn () is a mountain in the Alps in Switzerland, lying within the Jungfrau-Aletsch region, which has been designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The mountain shares part of its name with the Aletsch Glacier lying at its foot. T ...
, second summit of the
Bernese Alps The Bernese Alps are a mountain range of the Alps located in western Switzerland. Although the name suggests that they are located in the Berner Oberland region of the canton of Bern, portions of the Bernese Alps are in the adjacent cantons of Va ...
. *
1873 Events January * January 1 ** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar. ** The California Penal Code goes into effect. * January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defeat the Unit ...
Susan B. Anthony is fined $100 for attempting to vote in the 1872 presidential election. *
1887 Events January * January 11 – Louis Pasteur's anti-rabies treatment is defended in the Académie Nationale de Médecine, by Dr. Joseph Grancher. * January 20 ** The United States Senate allows the United States Navy to lease Pearl Har ...
– The
Reinsurance Treaty The Reinsurance Treaty was a diplomatic agreement between the German Empire and the Russian Empire that was in effect from 1887 to 1890. The existence of the agreement was not known to the general public, and as such, was only known to a handful ...
between Germany and Russia is signed. *
1900 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15 ...
Empress Dowager Cixi Empress Dowager Cixi ( ; 29 November 1835 – 15 November 1908) was a Manchu noblewoman of the Yehe Nara clan who effectively but periodically controlled the Chinese government in the late Qing dynasty as empress dowager and regent for almost 50 ...
of China orders all foreigners killed, including foreign
diplomat A diplomat (from ; romanization, romanized ''diploma'') is a person appointed by a state (polity), state, International organization, intergovernmental, or Non-governmental organization, nongovernmental institution to conduct diplomacy with one ...
s and their families.


1901–present

*
1908 This is the longest year in either the Julian or Gregorian calendars, having a duration of 31622401.38 seconds of Terrestrial Time (or ephemeris time), measured according to the definition of mean solar time. Events January * January ...
Japanese immigration to Brazil begins when 781 people arrive in Santos aboard the ship ''Kasato-Maru''. * 1908 – The
University of the Philippines The University of the Philippines (UP; ) is a Higher education in the Philippines#State universities and colleges, state university system in the Philippines. It is the country's national university, as mandated by List of Philippine laws, Re ...
is established. *
1920 Events January * January 1 ** Polish–Soviet War: The Russian Red Army increases its troops along the Polish border from 4 divisions to 20. ** Kauniainen in Finland, completely surrounded by the city of Espoo, secedes from Espoo as its ow ...
The Troubles in Northern Ireland (1920–1922) The Troubles () were an ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland that lasted for about 30 years from the late 1960s to 1998. Also known internationally as the Northern Ireland conflict, it began in the late 1960s and is usually deemed t ...
begin with a week of sectarian violence in
Derry Derry, officially Londonderry, is the second-largest City status in the United Kingdom, city in Northern Ireland, and the fifth-largest on the island of Ireland. Located in County Londonderry, the city now covers both banks of the River Fo ...
. *
1928 Events January * January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly demonstrating that DNA is the genetic material. * January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris B ...
Aviator An aircraft pilot or aviator is a person who controls the flight of an aircraft by operating its directional flight controls. Some other aircrew members, such as navigators or flight engineers, are also considered aviators because they a ...
Amelia Earhart Amelia Mary Earhart ( ; July 24, 1897 – January 5, 1939) was an American aviation pioneer. On July 2, 1937, she disappeared over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to become the first female pilot to circumnavigate the world. During her li ...
becomes the first woman to fly in an aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean (she is a passenger; Wilmer Stultz is the pilot and Lou Gordon the mechanic). *
1935 Events January * January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval conclude an agreement, in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's colonial claims. * January 12 – Amelia Earhart ...
– Police in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, clash with striking longshoremen, resulting in a total of 60 injuries and 24 arrests. *
1940 A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280. Events Below, events related to World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January *Janu ...
Appeal of 18 June The Appeal of 18 June () was the first speech made by Charles de Gaulle after his arrival in London in 1940 following the Battle of France. Broadcast to France by the radio services of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), it is often cons ...
by
Charles de Gaulle Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French general and statesman who led the Free France, Free French Forces against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government of the French Re ...
. * 1940 – The "Finest Hour" speech is delivered by
Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British statesman, military officer, and writer who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 (Winston Churchill in the Second World War, ...
. *
1945 1945 marked the end of World War II, the fall of Nazi Germany, and the Empire of Japan. It is also the year concentration camps were liberated and the only year in which atomic weapons have been used in combat. Events World War II will be ...
William Joyce William Brooke Joyce (24 April 1906 – 3 January 1946), nicknamed Lord Haw-Haw, was an American-born Fascism, fascist and Propaganda of Nazi Germany, Nazi propaganda broadcaster during the World War II, Second World War. After moving from ...
("
Lord Haw-Haw Lord Haw-Haw was a nickname applied to William Joyce and several other people who broadcast Nazi propaganda to the United Kingdom from Germany during the Second World War. The broadcasts opened with "Germany calling, Germany calling," spoken i ...
") is charged with
treason Treason is the crime of attacking a state (polity), state authority to which one owes allegiance. This typically includes acts such as participating in a war against one's native country, attempting to Coup d'état, overthrow its government, spy ...
for his pro-German propaganda broadcasting during
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
. *
1946 1946 (Roman numerals, MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1946th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 946th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 20th centur ...
– Dr.
Ram Manohar Lohia Ram Manohar Lohia ( 23 March 1910 – 12 October 1967) was an Indian political activist of the Indian independence movement and a socialist politician. As a nationalist, he worked actively to protest against colonialism, raising awareness of th ...
, a
Socialist Socialism is an economic ideology, economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse Economic system, economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership. It describes ...
, calls for a
Direct Action Day Direct Action Day (16 August 1946) was the day the All-India Muslim League decided to take a "direct action" using general strikes and economic shut down to demand a separate Muslim homeland after the British exit from India. Also known as ...
against the Portuguese in
Goa Goa (; ; ) is a state on the southwestern coast of India within the Konkan region, geographically separated from the Deccan highlands by the Western Ghats. It is bound by the Indian states of Maharashtra to the north, and Karnataka to the ...
. *
1948 Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
Columbia Records Columbia Records is an American reco ...
introduces the LP record, long-playing record album in a public demonstration at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City. * 1948 – Britain, France and the United States announce that on June 21, the ''Deutsche Mark'' will be introduced in western Germany and West Berlin. Over the next six days, Communists increasingly restrict access to Berlin. *1953 – The Egyptian revolution of 1952 ends with the overthrow of the Muhammad Ali dynasty and the declaration of the Egypt#Modern history, Republic of Egypt. * 1953 – A United States Air Force Douglas C-124 Globemaster II, C-124 Tachikawa air disaster, crashes and burns near Tachikawa, Japan, killing 129. *1954 – Carlos Castillo Armas leads an invasion force across the Guatemalan border, setting in motion the 1954 Guatemalan coup d'état. *1958 – Benjamin Britten's one-act opera ''Noye's Fludde'' premiered at the Aldeburgh Festival. *1965 – Vietnam War: The United States Air Force uses Boeing B-52 Stratofortress, B-52 bombers to Operation Arc Light, attack guerrilla fighters in South Vietnam. *1972 – British European Airways Flight 548, Staines air disaster: One hundred eighteen people are killed when a British European Airways, BEA Hawker Siddeley Trident, H.S. Trident crashes minutes after takeoff from London's Heathrow Airport. *1979 – Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, SALT II is signed by the United States and the Soviet Union. *1981 – The Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk, the first operational aircraft initially designed around stealth technology, makes its first flight. *1982 – Italian banker Roberto Calvi's body is discovered hanging beneath Blackfriars Bridge in London, England. *1983 – Space Shuttle program: STS-7, Astronaut Sally Ride becomes the first American woman in space. * 1983 – Mona Mahmudnizhad, together with nine other women of the Baháʼí Faith, is sentenced to death and hanged in Shiraz, Iran over her religious beliefs. *1984 – Battle of Orgreave, A major clash between about 5,000 police and a similar number of striking miners takes place at Orgreave, South Yorkshire, during the UK miners' strike (1984–85), 1984–85 UK miners' strike. *1994 – The Troubles: Members of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) Loughinisland massacre, attack a crowded pub with assault rifles in Loughinisland, Northern Ireland. Six Catholic civilians are killed and five wounded. It was crowded with people watching the 1994 FIFA World Cup. *1998 – Propair Flight 420 crashes near Montréal–Mirabel International Airport in Quebec, Canada, killing 11. *2006 – The first Kazakhstan, Kazakh space satellite, KazSat-1 is launched. *2007 – The Charleston Sofa Super Store fire happened in Charleston, South Carolina, killing nine firefighters. *2009 – The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), a NASA robotic spacecraft is launched. *2018 – An 2018 Osaka earthquake, earthquake of magnitude 6.1 strikes northern Osaka prefecture, Osaka. *2023 – ''Titan'', a submersible operated by OceanGate, OceanGate Expeditions, Titan submersible implosion, imploded while attempting to view the wreck of the Titanic, killing all five people on board including the co-founder and CEO of the company, Stockton Rush in the North Atlantic Ocean.


Births


Pre-1600

*1269 – Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar (died 1298) *1318 – Eleanor of Woodstock (died 1355) *1332 – John V Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor (died 1391) *1466 – Ottaviano Petrucci, Italian printer (died 1539) *1511 – Bartolomeo Ammannati, Italian architect and sculptor, designed the Ponte Santa Trinita (died 1592) *1517 – Emperor Ōgimachi of Japan (died 1593) *1521 – Maria of Portugal, Duchess of Viseu (died 1577)


1601–1900

*1667 – Ivan Trubetskoy, Russian field marshal (died 1750) *1673 – Antonio de Literes, Spanish composer (died 1747) *1677 – Antonio Maria Bononcini, Italian cellist and composer (died 1726) *1716 – Joseph-Marie Vien, French painter and educator (died 1809) *1717 – Johann Stamitz, Czech violinist and composer (died 1757) *
1757 Events January–March * January 2 – Seven Years' War: The British East India Company Army, under the command of Robert Clive, captures Calcutta, India. * January 5 – Robert-François Damiens makes an unsuccessful assa ...
– Ignaz Pleyel, Austrian-French pianist and composer (died 1831) * 1757 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas, Argentine lawyer and politician 1st Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (died 1833) *1769 – Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, Irish-English politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (died 1822) *
1799 Events January–March * January 9 – British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduces an income tax of two shillings to the pound, to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the French Revolutionary Wars. * January ...
– William Lassell, English astronomer and merchant (died 1880) *
1812 Events January–March * January 1 – The ''Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch'' (the Austrian civil code) enters into force in the Austrian Empire. * January 19 – Peninsular War: The French-held fortress of Ciudad Rodrigo Siege ...
– Ivan Goncharov, Russian journalist and author (died 1891) *
1815 Events January * January 2 – Lord Byron marries Anna Isabella Milbanke in Seaham, county of Durham, England. * January 3 – Austria, Britain, and Bourbon-restored France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Pr ...
– Ludwig Freiherr von und zu der Tann-Rathsamhausen, German general (died 1881) *1816 – Hélène Napoleone Bonaparte, French daughter of Napoleon (died 1907) * 1816 – Jung Bahadur Rana, Nepali ruler (died 1877) *1833 – Manuel González Flores, Mexican general and President (1880-1884) (died 1893) *1834 – Auguste-Théodore-Paul de Broglie, French philosopher and academic (died 1895) *1839 – William H. Seward Jr., American general and banker (died 1920) *1845 – Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, French physician and parasitologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1922) *1850 – Richard Heuberger, Austrian composer and critic (died 1914) *1854 – E. W. Scripps, American publisher, founded the E. W. Scripps Company (died 1926) *1857 – Henry Clay Folger, American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Folger Shakespeare Library (died 1930) *
1858 Events January–March * January 9 ** Revolt of Rajab Ali: British forces finally defeat Rajab Ali Khan of Chittagong. ** Anson Jones, the last president of the Republic of Texas, commits suicide. * January 14 – Orsini affair: Pi ...
– Andrew Forsyth, Scottish-English mathematician and academic (died 1942) * 1858 – Hector Rason, English-Australian politician, 7th Premier of Western Australia (died 1927) *1862 – Carolyn Wells, American novelist and poet (died 1942) *1863 – George Essex Evans, English-Australian poet and author (died 1909) *1868 – Miklós Horthy, Hungarian admiral and politician, Regent of Hungary (died 1957) *1870 – Édouard Le Roy, French mathematician and philosopher (died 1954) *1877 – James Montgomery Flagg, American painter and illustrator (died 1960) *1881 – Zoltán Halmay, Hungarian swimmer (died 1956) *1882 – Georgi Dimitrov, Bulgarian compositor and politician, 32nd List of Prime Ministers of Bulgaria, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (died 1949) *1884 – Édouard Daladier, French captain and politician, Prime Minister of France (died 1970) *1886 – George Mallory, English lieutenant and mountaineer (died 1924) * 1886 – Alexander Wetmore, American ornithologist and paleontologist (died 1978) *
1887 Events January * January 11 – Louis Pasteur's anti-rabies treatment is defended in the Académie Nationale de Médecine, by Dr. Joseph Grancher. * January 20 ** The United States Senate allows the United States Navy to lease Pearl Har ...
– Tancrède Labbé, Canadian businessman and politician (died 1956) *1896 – Blanche Sweet, American actress (died 1986) *1897 – Martti Marttelin, Finnish runner (died 1940) *
1900 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15 ...
– Vlasta Vraz, Czech-American relief worker, editor, and fundraiser (died 1989)


1901–present

*1901 – Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia (died 1918) * 1901 – Llewellyn Rees, English actor (died 1994) *1902 – Louis Alter, American musician (died 1980) * 1902 – Paavo Yrjölä, Finnish decathlete (died 1980) *1903 – Jeanette MacDonald, American actress and singer (died 1965) * 1903 – Raymond Radiguet, French author and poet (died 1923) *1904 – Keye Luke, Chinese-American actor (died 1991) * 1904 – Manuel Rosenthal, French conductor and composer (died 2003) *1905 – Eduard Tubin, Estonian composer and conductor (died 1982) *1907 – Frithjof Schuon, Swiss-American metaphysicist, philosopher, and author (died 1998) *
1908 This is the longest year in either the Julian or Gregorian calendars, having a duration of 31622401.38 seconds of Terrestrial Time (or ephemeris time), measured according to the definition of mean solar time. Events January * January ...
– Bud Collyer, American actor and game show host (died 1969) * 1908 – Stanley Knowles, American-Canadian academic and politician (died 1997) * 1908 – Nedra Volz, American actress (died 2003) *1910 – Dick Foran, American actor and singer (died 1979) * 1910 – Avon Long, American actor and singer (died 1984) * 1910 – Ray McKinley, American singer, drummer, and bandleader (died 1995) *1912 – Glenn Morris, American decathlete (died 1974) *1913 – Wilfred Gordon Bigelow, Canadian soldier and surgeon (died 2005) * 1913 – Sammy Cahn, American pianist and composer (died 1993) * 1913 – Sylvia Porter, American economist and journalist (died 1991) * 1913 – Françoise Loranger, Canadian playwright and producer (died 1995) * 1913 – Robert Mondavi, American winemaker and philanthropist (died 2008) * 1913 – Oswald Teichmüller, German mathematician (died 1943) *1914 – E. G. Marshall, American actor (died 1998) * 1914 – Efraín Huerta, Mexican poet (died 1982) *1915 – Red Adair, American firefighter (died 2004) * 1915 – Robert Kanigher, American author (died 2002) * 1915 – Alice T. Schafer, American mathematician (died 2009) *1916 – Julio César Turbay Ayala, Colombian lawyer and politician, 25th President of Colombia (died 2005) *1917 – Richard Boone, American actor, singer, and director (died 1981) * 1917 – Jack Karnehm, English snooker player and sportscaster (died 2002) * 1917 – Erik Ortvad, Danish painter and illustrator (died 2008) *1918 – Alf Francis, West Prussia-born, English motor racing mechanic and race car constructor (died 1983) * 1918 – Jerome Karle, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2013) * 1918 – Franco Modigliani, Italian-American economist and academic, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2003) *1919 – Jüri Järvet, Estonian actor and screenwriter (died 1995) *
1920 Events January * January 1 ** Polish–Soviet War: The Russian Red Army increases its troops along the Polish border from 4 divisions to 20. ** Kauniainen in Finland, completely surrounded by the city of Espoo, secedes from Espoo as its ow ...
– Ian Carmichael, English actor and singer (died 2010) * 1920 – Aster Berkhof, Belgian author and academic (died 2020) *1922 – Claude Helffer, French pianist and educator (died 2004) *1924 – George Mikan, American basketball player and coach (died 2005) *1925 – Robert Beadell, American composer and educator (died 1994) *1926 – Philip B. Crosby, American businessman and author (died 2001) * 1926 – Allan Sandage, American astronomer and cosmologist (died 2010) * 1926 – Tom Wicker, American journalist and author (died 2011) *1927 – Eva Bartok, Hungarian-English actress (died 1998) * 1927 – Paul Eddington, English actor (died 1995) *
1928 Events January * January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly demonstrating that DNA is the genetic material. * January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris B ...
– Michael Blakemore, Australian actor, director, and screenwriter (died 2023) * 1928 – David T. Lykken, American geneticist and academic (died 2006) *1929 – Jürgen Habermas, German sociologist and philosopher * 1929 – Tibor Rubin, Hungarian-American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (died 2015) *1931 – Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Brazilian sociologist, academic, and politician, 34th President of Brazil *1932 – Dudley R. Herschbach, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate * 1932 – Geoffrey Hill, English poet and academic (died 2016) *1933 – Colin Brumby, Australian composer and conductor (died 2018) * 1933 – Tommy Hunt, American singer *1934 – Brian Kenny (British Army officer), Brian Kenny, English general (died 2017) * 1934 – Mitsuteru Yokoyama, Japanese author and illustrator (died 2004) * 1934 – Barack Obama Sr., Kenyan economist (died 1982) *1936 – Denny Hulme, New Zealand race car driver (died 1992) * 1936 – Ronald Venetiaan, Surinamese politician, 6th President of Suriname *1937 – Del Harris, American basketball player and coach * 1937 – Jay Rockefeller, American lawyer and politician, 29th Governor of West Virginia * 1937 – Bruce Trigger, Canadian archaeologist, anthropologist and historian (died 2006) * 1937 – Vitaly Zholobov, Ukrainian colonel, engineer, and astronaut *1938 – Kevin Murray (Australian footballer), Kevin Murray, Australian footballer and coach *1939 – Lou Brock, American baseball player and sportscaster (died 2020) * 1939 – Jean-Claude Germain, Canadian historian, author, and journalist * 1939 – Brooks Firestone, American businessman and politician *1941 – Roger Lemerre, French footballer and manager * 1941 – Paul Mayersberg, English director and screenwriter * 1941 – Delia Smith, English chef and author *1942 – John Bellany, Scottish painter (died 2013) * 1942 – Roger Ebert, American journalist, critic, and screenwriter (died 2013) * 1942 – Pat Hutchins, English author and illustrator (died 2017) * 1942 – Thabo Mbeki, South African politician and 2nd President of South Africa * 1942 – Paul McCartney, English singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1942 – Richard Perry, American record producer (died 2024) * 1942 – Carl Radle, American bass player and producer (died 1980) * 1942 – Nick Tate, Australian actor and director * 1942 – Hans Vonk (conductor), Hans Vonk, Dutch conductor (died 2004) *1943 – Barry Evans (actor), Barry Evans, English actor (died 1997) * 1943 – Raffaella Carrà, Italian singer, dancer, and actress (died 2021) * 1943 – Éva Marton, Hungarian soprano and actress *1944 – Bruce DuMont, American broadcaster and political analyst * 1944 – Sandy Posey, American pop/country singer *
1946 1946 (Roman numerals, MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1946th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 946th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 20th centur ...
– Russell Ash, English journalist and author (died 2010) * 1946 – Bruiser Brody, American wrestler (died 1988) * 1946 – Fabio Capello, Italian footballer and manager * 1946 – Maria Bethânia, Brazilian singer * 1946 – Gordon Murray, British automobile designer *1947 – Ivonne Coll, Puerto Rican-American model and actress, Miss Puerto Rico, Miss Puerto Rico 1967 * 1947 – Bernard Giraudeau, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2010) * 1947 – Linda Thorson, Canadian actress *
1948 Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
– Philip Jackson (actor), Philip Jackson, English actor * 1948 – Sherry Turkle, American academic, psychologist, and sociologist *1949 – Chris Van Allsburg, American author and illustrator * 1949 – Jarosław Kaczyński, Polish lawyer and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Poland * 1949 – Lech Kaczyński, Polish lawyer and politician, 4th President of Poland (died 2010) *1950 – Rod de'Ath, Welsh drummer and producer (died 2014) * 1950 – Annelie Ehrhardt, German hurdler * 1950 – Mike Johanns, American lawyer and politician, 28th United States Secretary of Agriculture * 1950 – Jackie Leven, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2011) *1951 – Mohammed Al-Sager, Kuwaiti journalist and politician * 1951 – Miriam Flynn, American actress and comedian * 1951 – Ian Hargreaves, English-Welsh journalist and academic * 1951 – Stephen Hopper, Australian botanist and academic * 1951 – Gyula Sax, Hungarian chess player (died 2014) *1952 – Tiiu Aro, Estonian physician and politician, Minister of Social Affairs (Estonia), Estonian Minister of Social Affairs * 1952 – Denis Herron, Canadian ice hockey player * 1952 – Carol Kane, American actress * 1952 – Isabella Rossellini, Italian actress, director, producer, and screenwriter * 1952 – Lee Soo-man, South Korean singer and businessman, founded S.M. Entertainment *1953 – Peter Donohoe (pianist), Peter Donohoe, English pianist and educator *1955 – Ed Fast, Canadian lawyer and politician *1956 – Brian Benben, American actor and producer * 1956 – John Scott (organist), John Scott, English organist and conductor (died 2015) *1957 – Miguel Ángel Lotina, Spanish footballer and manager * 1957 – Richard Powers, American novelist *1958 – Peter Altmaier, German jurist and politician, Federal Minister for Special Affairs of Germany * 1958 – Gary Martin (actor), Gary Martin, British voice actor and actor *1959 – Joe Ansolabehere, American animation screenwriter and producer *1960 – Barbara Broccoli, American director and producer * 1960 – Steve Murphy (news anchor), Steve Murphy, Canadian journalist *1961 – Oz Fox, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer * 1961 – Andrés Galarraga, Venezuelan baseball player * 1961 – Angela Johnson (writer), Angela Johnson, American novelist and poet * 1961 – Alison Moyet, English singer-songwriter *1962 – Lisa Randall, American physicist and academic *1963 – Dizzy Reed, American keyboard player and songwriter * 1963 – Bruce Smith (defensive end), Bruce Smith, American football player *1964 – Uday Hussein, Iraqi commander (died 2003) * 1964 – Patti Webster, American publicist and author (died 2013) *1966 – Kurt Browning, Canadian figure skater, choreographer, and sportscaster * 1966 – Troy Kemp, Bahamian high jumper * 1966 – Dexter Romweber, American musician (died 2024) *1967 – Clifton Campbell, American sprinter *1968 – Frank Müller, German decathlete *1969 – Haki Doku, Albanian cyclist * 1969 – Christopher Largen, American journalist and author (died 2012) *1970 – Katie Derham, English journalist * 1970 – Ivan Kozák, Slovak footballer * 1970 – Greg Yaitanes, American director and producer *1971 – Kerry Butler, American actress and singer * 1971 – Jason McAteer, English-Irish footballer and manager * 1971 – Nathan Morris, American soul singer * 1971 – Nigel Owens, Welsh rugby referee and TV presenter *1972 – Anu Tali, Estonian pianist and conductor * 1972 – Wikus du Toit, South African actor, director, and composer *1973 – Julie Depardieu, French actress * 1973 – Stephen Thomas Erlewine, American author and music critic * 1973 – Ray LaMontagne, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1973 – Alexandra Meissnitzer, Austrian skier * 1973 – Matt Parsons, Australian rugby league player * 1973 – Gavin Wanganeen, Australian footballer and coach *1974 – Vincenzo Montella, Italian footballer and manager * 1974 – Sergey Sharikov, Russian fencer and coach (died 2015) *1975 – Marie Gillain, Belgian actress * 1975 – Aleksandrs Koliņko, Latvian footballer * 1975 – Martin St. Louis, Canadian ice hockey player *1976 – Blake Shelton, American singer-songwriter and guitarist *1978 – Wang Liqin, Chinese table tennis player * 1978 – Tara Platt, American actress, producer, and screenwriter *1979 – Yumiko Kobayashi, Japanese voice actress and singer * 1979 – Ivana Wong, Hong Kong singer-songwriter and actress *1980 – Antonio Gates, American football player * 1980 – Sergey Kirdyapkin, Russian race walker * 1980 – Craig Mottram, Australian runner * 1980 – Antero Niittymäki, Finnish ice hockey player *1981 – Scooter Braun, American music executive * 1981 – Clint Newton, American-Australian rugby league player * 1981 – Marco Streller, Swiss footballer *1982 – Nadir Belhadj, French-Algerian footballer * 1982 – Marco Borriello, Italian footballer * 1982 – Nathan Cavaleri, Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor *1983 – Billy Slater, Australian rugby league player * 1983 – Cameron Smith (rugby league, born 1983), Cameron Smith, Australian rugby league player *1984 – Nanyak Dala, Canadian rugby player *1985 – Chris Coghlan, American baseball player * 1985 – Alex Hirsch, American animator and television producer *1986 – Edgars Eriņš, Latvian decathlete * 1986 – Richard Gasquet, French tennis player * 1986 – Richard Madden, Scottish actor *1987 – Omar Arellano (footballer, born 1987), Omar Arellano, Mexican footballer * 1987 – Moeen Ali, English cricketer *1988 – Elini Dimoutsos, Greek footballer * 1988 – Josh Dun, American musician *1989 – Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang, French-born Gabonese footballer * 1989 – Chris Harris Jr., American football player *1990 – Luke Adam, Canadian ice hockey player * 1990 – Sandra Izbașa, Romanian gymnast * 1990 – Derek Stepan, American ice hockey player * 1990 – Christian Taylor (athlete), Christian Taylor, American triple jumper *1993 – Dennis Lloyd, Israeli musician, producer, singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist *1994 – Sean McMahon, Australian rugby player * 1994 – Takeoff (rapper), Takeoff, American rapper (died 2022) *1995 – Maxim Kovtun, Russian figure skater *1996 – Alen Halilović, Croatian footballer * 1996 – Niki Wories, Dutch figure skater *1997 – Katharina Hobgarski, German tennis player * 1997 – Latrell Mitchell, Australian rugby league player *1999 – Arin (singer), Choi Ye-won, South Korean singer and actress * 1999 – Trippie Redd, American rapper


Deaths


Pre-1600

* 741 – Leo III the Isaurian, Byzantine emperor (born 685) * 908 – Zhang Hao (general), Zhang Hao, general of Yang Wu *1095 – Sophia of Hungary (born c. 1050) *1164 – Elisabeth of Schönau, German Benedictine visionary (born c. 1129) *1234 – Emperor Chūkyō of Japan (born 1218) *1250 – Theresa of Portugal, Queen of León *1291 – Alfonso III of Aragon (born 1265) *1333 – Henry XV, Duke of Bavaria (born 1312) *1464 – Rogier van der Weyden, Flemish painter (born 1400) *1588 – Robert Crowley (printer), Robert Crowley, English minister and poet (born 1517)


1601–1900

*1629 – Piet Pieterszoon Hein, Dutch admiral (born 1577) *1650 – Christoph Scheiner, German priest, physicist, and astronomer (born 1575) *1673 – Jeanne Mance, French-Canadian nurse, founded the Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal (born 1606) *1704 – Tom Brown (satirist), Tom Brown, English author and translator (born 1662) *1726 – Michel Richard Delalande, French organist and composer (born 1657) *1742 – John Aislabie, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (born 1670) *1749 – Ambrose Philips, English poet and politician (born 1674) *1772 – Johann Ulrich von Cramer, German jurist and scholar (born 1706) * 1772 – Gerard van Swieten, Dutch-Austrian physician and reformer (born 1700) *1788 – Adam Gib, Scottish religious leader (born 1714) *1794 – François Buzot, French lawyer and politician (born 1760) * 1794 – James Murray (British Army officer, born 1721), James Murray, Scottish-English general and politician, 20th List of Governors General of Canada, Governor of the Province of Quebec (born 1721) *1804 – Maria Amalia, Duchess of Parma (born 1746) *
1815 Events January * January 2 – Lord Byron marries Anna Isabella Milbanke in Seaham, county of Durham, England. * January 3 – Austria, Britain, and Bourbon-restored France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Pr ...
– Thomas Picton, Welsh-English general and politician (born 1758) *1833 – Robert Hett Chapman, American minister, missionary, and academic (born 1771) *1835 – William Cobbett, English farmer and journalist (born 1763) *1860 – Friedrich Wilhelm von Bismarck, German army officer and writer (born 1783) *1866 – Prince Sigismund of Prussia (1864–1866), Prince Sigismund of Prussia (born 1864)


1901–present

*1902 – Samuel Butler (novelist), Samuel Butler, English novelist, satirist, and critic (born 1835) *1905 – Carmine Crocco, Italian soldier (born 1830) *1916 – Max Immelmann, German lieutenant and pilot (born 1890) *1917 – Titu Maiorescu, Romanian critic and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Romania (born 1840) *1921 – Abdul Awwal Jaunpuri, Indian Islamic scholar and author (born 1867) *1922 – Jacobus Kapteyn, Dutch astronomer and academic (born 1851) *1926 – Olga Constantinovna of Russia, Queen consort of the Hellenes (born 1851) *
1928 Events January * January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly demonstrating that DNA is the genetic material. * January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris B ...
– Roald Amundsen, Norwegian pilot and explorer (born 1872) *1936 – Maxim Gorky, Russian novelist, short story writer, and playwright (born 1868) *1937 – Gaston Doumergue, French politician, 13th President of France (born 1863) *1942 – Arthur Pryor, American trombonist, bandleader, and politician (born 1870) *1943 – Elias Degiannis, Greek commander (born 1912) *
1945 1945 marked the end of World War II, the fall of Nazi Germany, and the Empire of Japan. It is also the year concentration camps were liberated and the only year in which atomic weapons have been used in combat. Events World War II will be ...
– Florence Bascom, American geologist and educator (born 1862) * 1945 – Simon Bolivar Buckner Jr., American general (born 1886) *1947 – Shigematsu Sakaibara, Japanese admiral (born 1898) *
1948 Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
– Edward Brooker, English-Australian politician, 31st Premier of Tasmania (born 1891) *1959 – Ethel Barrymore, American actress (born 1879) *1963 – Pedro Armendáriz, Mexican-American actor (born 1912) *1964 – Giorgio Morandi, Italian painter (born 1890) *1967 – Geki (racing driver), Geki, Italian race car driver (born 1937) * 1967 – Beat Fehr, Swiss race car driver (born 1942) *1971 – Thomas Gomez, American actor (born 1905) * 1971 – Paul Karrer, Russian-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1889) *1974 – Júlio César de Mello e Souza, Brazilian mathematician and academic (born 1896) * 1974 – Georgy Zhukov, Russian marshal and politician, Minister of Defence (Soviet Union), Minister of Defence for the Soviet Union (born 1896) *1975 – Hugo Bergmann, German-Israeli philosopher and author (born 1883) *1978 – Walter C. Alvarez, American physician and author (born 1884) *1980 – Terence Fisher, English director and screenwriter (born 1904) * 1980 – André Leducq, French cyclist (born 1904) *1982 – Djuna Barnes, American novelist, journalist, and playwright (born 1892) * 1982 – John Cheever, American novelist and short story writer (born 1912) * 1982 – Curd Jürgens, German-Austrian actor and director (born 1915) *1984 – Alan Berg, American lawyer and radio host (born 1934) *1985 – Paul Colin (artist), Paul Colin, French illustrator (born 1892) *1986 – Frances Scott Fitzgerald, American journalist (born 1921) *1989 – I. F. Stone, American journalist and author (born 1907) *1992 – Kofoworola Abeni Pratt, the first black Federal Ministry of Health (Nigeria), Chief Nursing Officer of Nigeria (born 1910) * 1992 – Peter Allen (musician), Peter Allen, Australian singer-songwriter and pianist (born 1944) * 1992 – Mordecai Ardon, Polish-Israeli painter and educator (born 1896) *1993 – Craig Rodwell, American activist, founded the Oscar Wilde Bookshop (born 1940) *1996 – Endel Puusepp, Estonian-Soviet military pilot and politician (born 1909) *1997 – Lev Kopelev, Ukrainian-German author and academic (born 1912) *1998 – Felix Knight, American actor and tenor (born 1908) *2000 – Nancy Marchand, American actress (born 1928) *2003 – Larry Doby, American baseball player and manager (born 1923) *2005 – Mushtaq Ali, Indian cricketer (born 1914) * 2005 – Manuel Sadosky, Argentinian mathematician and academic (born 1914) *2006 – Vincent Sherman, American actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1906) * 2006 – Joseph Zobel, Martinique-French author (born 1915) *2007 – Bernard Manning, English comedian and actor (born 1930) * 2007 – Hank Medress, American singer and producer (born 1938) * 2007 – Georges Thurston, Canadian singer-songwriter (born 1951) *2008 – Jean Delannoy, French actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1908) * 2008 – Tasha Tudor, American author and illustrator (born 1915) * 2008 – Hans Steinbrenner (sculptor), Hans Steinbrenner, German sculptor (born 1928) *2010 – Trent Acid, American wrestler (born 1980) * 2010 – José Saramago, Portuguese novelist Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1922) * 2010 – Okan Demiriş, Turkish composer (born 1942) *2011 – Yelena Bonner, Russian activist (born 1923) * 2011 – Frederick Chiluba, Zambian politician, 2nd President of Zambia (born 1943) * 2011 – Clarence Clemons, American saxophonist (born 1942) *2012 – Horacio Coppola, Argentinian photographer and director (born 1906) * 2012 – Lina Haag, German author and activist (born 1907) * 2012 – Tom Maynard, Welsh cricketer (born 1989) * 2012 – Luis Edgardo Mercado Jarrín, Peruvian general and politician, 109th Prime Minister of Peru (born 1919) * 2012 – Alketas Panagoulias, Greek footballer and manager (born 1934) * 2012 – William Van Regenmorter, American businessman and politician (born 1939) *2013 – Brent F. Anderson, American engineer and politician (born 1932) * 2013 – Alastair Donaldson, Scottish bass player (born 1955) * 2013 – Garde Gardom, Canadian lawyer and politician, 26th Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia (born 1924) * 2013 – Michael Hastings (journalist), Michael Hastings, American journalist and author (born 1980) * 2013 – David Wall (dancer), David Wall, English ballet dancer (born 1946) *2014 – Stephanie Kwolek, American chemist and engineer (born 1923) * 2014 – Johnny Mann, American singer-songwriter and conductor (born 1928) * 2014 – Claire Martin (writer), Claire Martin, Canadian author (born 1914) * 2014 – Vladimir Popovkin, Russian general (born 1957) * 2014 – Horace Silver, American pianist and composer (born 1928) *2015 – Phil Austin, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (born 1941) * 2015 – Ralph J. Roberts, American businessman, co-founded Comcast (born 1920) * 2015 – Danny Villanueva, American football player and broadcaster, co-founded Univision (born 1937) * 2015 – Allen Weinstein, American historian and academic (born 1937) *2016 – Jeppiaar, Indian educationist, founder and chancellor of Sathyabama University (born 1931) *2018 – XXXTentacion, American rapper (born 1998) * 2018 – Big Van Vader (also known as Vader) American professional wrestler (born 1955) * 2018 – Jimmy Wopo, American rapper (born 1997) *2020 – Vera Lynn, English singer who was the "Forces' Sweetheart" in World War II (born 1917) *2022 – Uffe Ellemann-Jensen, Danish politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs (Denmark), minister of foreign affairs (born 1941) * 2022 – Adibah Noor, Malaysian actress, singer, master of ceremonies (born 1970) * 2023 – Notable victims of the Titan submersible implosion, ''Titan'' submersible implosion: ** Shahzada Dawood, Pakistani-British businessman (born 1975) ** Hamish Harding, British businessman (born 1964) ** Paul-Henri Nargeolet, French French Navy, navy commander and explorer (born 1946) ** Stockton Rush, American businessman, CEO and founder of OceanGate (born 1962) *2024 – James Chance, American musician (born 1953) *2024 – Anouk Aimée, French actress (born 1932) *2024 – Yoyong Martirez, Filipino basketball player (born 1946) *2024 – Willie Mays, American baseball player (born 1931)


Holidays and observances

* Autistic Pride Day (International observance, International) * Christian feast day: ** Bernard Mizeki (Church of England, Anglican and Episcopal Church (United States), Episcopal Church) ** Elisabeth of Schönau ** Gregorio Barbarigo ** Leontius, Hypatius and Theodulus ** Marina the Monk (Maronite Church, Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria) ** Mark and Marcellian ** June 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) * Foundation Day (Benguet) * Human Rights Day (Azerbaijan) * National Day (Seychelles) * Queen Mother's Birthday (Cambodia) * Waterloo Day (United Kingdom)


References


External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:June 18 Days of June