Events
January
*
January 1
January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in the Gregorian Calendar; 364 days remain until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. __TOC__
Events ...
** The
Reichsbank
The ''Reichsbank'' (; ) was the central bank of the German Empire from 1876 until the end of Nazi Germany in 1945.
Background
The monetary institutions in Germany had been unsuited for its economic development for several decades before unifica ...
opens in
Berlin
Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...
.
** The
Bass Brewery
Bass Brewery () was founded in 1777 by William Bass in Burton-upon-Trent, Staffordshire, England. The main brand was Bass Pale Ale, once the highest-selling beer in the UK. By 1877, Bass had become the largest brewery in the world, with an an ...
Red Triangle becomes the world's first
registered trademark symbol
The registered trademark symbol, , is a typographic symbol that provides notice that the preceding word or symbol is a trademark or service mark that has been registered with a national trademark office. A trademark is a symbol, word, or wor ...
.
*
January 27
Events Pre-1600
* 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor.
* 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to become monks by Constantine VII, who becomes sole emperor of the ...
– The
Northampton Bank robbery
On January 26, 1876, the Northampton Bank in Northampton, Massachusetts, was robbed of $1.6 million ($26 million in 2019) in cash, bonds, and other securities by the Rufus Gang, which was led by Thomas Dunlap, Robert Scott, and George Leonidas ...
occurs in Massachusetts.
February
*
February 2
Events Pre-1600
* 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths, promulgates the Breviary of Alaric (''Breviarium Alaricianum'' or ''Lex Romana Visigothorum''), a collection of " Roman law".
* 880 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: ...
** The
National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs is formed at a meeting in Chicago; it replaces the
National Association of Professional Base Ball Players
The National Association of Professional Base Ball Players (NAPBBP), often known simply as the National Association (NA), was the first fully- professional sports league in baseball. The NA was founded in 1871 and continued through the 1875 se ...
.
Morgan Bulkeley
Morgan Gardner Bulkeley (December 26, 1837 – November 6, 1922) was an American politician of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, businessman, and insurance executive. In 1876, he served as the first president of baseball's ...
of the
Hartford Dark Blues
The Hartfords (more commonly called the Hartford Dark Blues because of their uniform color) were a 19th-century baseball team. The team was based in Hartford, Connecticut.
History
In 1874, baseball in Hartford was being played in a fever pitch. ...
is selected as the league's first president.
**
Third Carlist War
The Third Carlist War (), which occurred from 1872 to 1876, was the last Carlist War in Spain. It is sometimes referred to as the "Second Carlist War", as the earlier Second Carlist War, "Second" War (1847–1849) was smaller in scale and relative ...
(Spain): Battle of Montejurra – The new commander General
Fernando Primo de Rivera
Fernando Primo de Rivera y Sobremonte, 1st Marquess of Estella (24 July 1831 – 23 May 1921) was a Spanish army officer and politician.
Fernando Primo de Rivera was the son of Jose Joaquin Primo de Rivera y Ortiz de Pinedo (1777-1853), an ...
marches on the remaining Carlist stronghold at
Estella, where he meets a force of about 1,600 men under General Carlos Calderón, at nearby Montejurra. After a courageous and costly defence, Calderón is forced to withdraw.
*
February 14
It is observed in most countries as Valentine's Day.
Events Pre-1600
* 748 – Abbasid Revolution#Persian phase, Abbasid Revolution: The Kaysanites Shia#History, Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad ...
–
Alexander Graham Bell
Alexander Graham Bell (; born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born Canadian Americans, Canadian-American inventor, scientist, and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He als ...
applies for a U.S.
patent
A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an sufficiency of disclosure, enabling discl ...
for the telephone, as does
Elisha Gray
Elisha Gray (August 2, 1835 – January 21, 1901) was an American electrical engineering, electrical engineer who co-founded the Western Electric, Western Electric Manufacturing Company. Gray is best known for his Invention of the telephone, dev ...
.
*
February 19
Events Pre-1600
* 197 – Emperor Septimius Severus defeats Roman usurper, usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies.
* 356 – The anti-paganism policy of Constantius II forbids the w ...
–
Third Carlist War
The Third Carlist War (), which occurred from 1872 to 1876, was the last Carlist War in Spain. It is sometimes referred to as the "Second Carlist War", as the earlier Second Carlist War, "Second" War (1847–1849) was smaller in scale and relative ...
: Government troops under General Primo de Rivera drive through the weak Carlist forces protecting Estella and take the city by storm.
*
February 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Fer ...
–
Johns Hopkins University
The Johns Hopkins University (often abbreviated as Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, or JHU) is a private university, private research university in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Founded in 1876 based on the European research institution model, J ...
is founded in
Baltimore
Baltimore is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland. With a population of 585,708 at the 2020 census and estimated at 568,271 in 2024, it is the 30th-most populous U.S. city. The Baltimore metropolitan area is the 20th-large ...
, Maryland.
*
February 24
Events Pre-1600
* 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica.
* 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence.
...
– The first stage production of the verse-play ''
Peer Gynt
''Peer Gynt'' (, ) is a five-Act (drama), act play in verse written in 1867 by the Norwegian dramatist Henrik Ibsen. It is one of Ibsen's best known and most widely performed plays.
''Peer Gynt'' chronicles the journey of its title character fr ...
'' by
Henrik Ibsen
Henrik Johan Ibsen (; ; 20 March 1828 – 23 May 1906) was a Norwegian playwright, poet and actor. Ibsen is considered the world's pre-eminent dramatist of the 19th century and is often referred to as "the father of modern drama." He pioneered ...
premieres, with incidental music by
Edvard Grieg
Edvard Hagerup Grieg ( , ; 15 June 18434 September 1907) was a Norwegian composer and pianist. He is widely considered one of the leading Romantic music, Romantic era composers, and his music is part of the standard classical repertoire worldwid ...
, in Christiania (modern-day
Oslo
Oslo ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of 1,064,235 in 2022 ...
),
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of ...
.
*
February 26
Events Pre-1600
* 747 BC – According to Ptolemy, the epoch (origin) of the Nabonassar Era began at noon on this date. Historians use this to establish the modern BC chronology for dating historic events.
* 320 – Chandragupta ...
– The Japanese force the Korean government to sign the
Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876
The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876 (also known as the Japan–Korea Treaty of Amity in Japan and the Treaty of Ganghwa Island in Korea) was made between representatives of the Empire of Japan and the Joseon, Kingdom of Joseon in 1876.Chung, Young ...
(having brought a fleet to
Incheon
Incheon is a city located in northwestern South Korea, bordering Seoul and Gyeonggi Province to the east. Inhabited since the Neolithic, Incheon was home to just 4,700 people when it became an international port in 1883. As of February 2020, ...
, the port of modern-day
Seoul
Seoul, officially Seoul Special Metropolitan City, is the capital city, capital and largest city of South Korea. The broader Seoul Metropolitan Area, encompassing Seoul, Gyeonggi Province and Incheon, emerged as the world's List of cities b ...
), opening three ports to Japanese trade and forcing Korea's
Joseon dynasty
Joseon ( ; ; also romanized as ''Chosun''), officially Great Joseon (), was a dynastic kingdom of Korea that existed for 505 years. It was founded by Taejo of Joseon in July 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in October 1897. The kingdom w ...
to cease considering itself a tributary of China. On China's urging, Korea also signs treaties with the European powers, in an effort to counterbalance Japan.
*
February 28
Events Pre-1600
*202 BC – Emperor Gaozu of Han, Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty.
* 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople (Roman Catholic), Fourth Council of Co ...
–
Third Carlist War
The Third Carlist War (), which occurred from 1872 to 1876, was the last Carlist War in Spain. It is sometimes referred to as the "Second Carlist War", as the earlier Second Carlist War, "Second" War (1847–1849) was smaller in scale and relative ...
: The
Carlist
Carlism (; ; ; ) is a Traditionalism (Spain), Traditionalist and Legitimist political movement in Spain aimed at establishing an alternative branch of the Bourbon dynasty, one descended from Infante Carlos María Isidro of Spain, Don Carlos, ...
forces do not succeed, and the promises are never fulfilled. The
Carlist
Carlism (; ; ; ) is a Traditionalism (Spain), Traditionalist and Legitimist political movement in Spain aimed at establishing an alternative branch of the Bourbon dynasty, one descended from Infante Carlos María Isidro of Spain, Don Carlos, ...
pretender
A pretender is someone who claims to be the rightful ruler of a country although not recognized as such by the current government. The term may often be used to either refer to a descendant of a deposed monarchy or a claim that is not legitimat ...
Carlos, Duke of Madrid, goes into exile in France, bringing the conflict to an end after four years.
*
February
February is the second month of the year in the Julian calendar, Julian and Gregorian calendars. The month has 28 days in common years and 29 in leap years, with the February 29, 29th day being called the ''leap day''.
February is the third a ...
–
March
March is the third month of the year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 31 days. In the Northern Hemisphere, the meteorological beginning of spring occurs on the first day of March. The March equinox on the 20 or 2 ...
– ''
The Harvard Lampoon
''The Harvard Lampoon'' is an undergraduate Humor magazine, humor publication founded in 1876 by seven undergraduates at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Overview
The ''Harvard Lampoon'' publication was founded in 1876 by seve ...
'' humor magazine is founded in
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Cambridge ( ) is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is a suburb in the Greater Boston metropolitan area, located directly across the Charles River from Boston. The city's population as of the 2020 United States census, ...
.
March
*
March 2
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost ...
– United States Secretary of War
William W. Belknap resigns his office in the wake of the
trader post scandal.
*
March 7
Events Pre-1600
* 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius.
* 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cobl ...
–
Alexander Graham Bell
Alexander Graham Bell (; born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born Canadian Americans, Canadian-American inventor, scientist, and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He als ...
is granted a United States
patent
A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an sufficiency of disclosure, enabling discl ...
for the
telephone
A telephone, colloquially referred to as a phone, is a telecommunications device that enables two or more users to conduct a conversation when they are too far apart to be easily heard directly. A telephone converts sound, typically and most ...
.
*
March 10
Events Pre-1600
* 241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates: The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end.
* 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian concludes his campaign in North Africa and makes ...
– Alexander Graham Bell makes the first successful telephone call, saying "Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you".
*
March 20
Events Pre-1600
*1206 – Michael IV of Constantinople, Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.
*1600 – The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden: five Swedish n ...
– Through constitutional reform taking legal effect,
Louis De Geer becomes the first
Prime Minister of Sweden
The prime minister of Sweden (, "minister of state") is the head of government of the Sweden, Kingdom of Sweden. The prime minister and their cabinet (the government) exercise executive authority in the Kingdom of Sweden and are subject to th ...
.
*
March
March is the third month of the year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 31 days. In the Northern Hemisphere, the meteorological beginning of spring occurs on the first day of March. The March equinox on the 20 or 2 ...
–
**American librarian
Melvil Dewey
Melville Louis Kossuth "Melvil" Dewey (December 10, 1851 – December 26, 1931) was an American librarian and educator who invented the Dewey Decimal system of library classification. He was a founder of the Lake Placid Club, a chief librarian a ...
first publishes the
Dewey Decimal Classification
The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) (pronounced ) colloquially known as the Dewey Decimal System, is a proprietary library classification system which allows new books to be added to a library in their appropriate location based on subject. ...
system.
**Thousands of
Plains Indians
Plains Indians or Indigenous peoples of the Great Plains and Canadian Prairies are the Native American tribes and First Nations peoples who have historically lived on the Interior Plains (the Great Plains and Canadian Prairies) of North ...
in the United States travel to an
encampment of the
Sioux
The Sioux or Oceti Sakowin ( ; Dakota/ Lakota: ) are groups of Native American tribes and First Nations people from the Great Plains of North America. The Sioux have two major linguistic divisions: the Dakota and Lakota peoples (translati ...
chief
Sitting Bull
Sitting Bull ( ; December 15, 1890) was a Hunkpapa Lakota people, Lakota leader who led his people during years of resistance against Federal government of the United States, United States government policies. Sitting Bull was killed by Indian ...
in the region of the
Little Bighorn River, creating the last great gathering of native peoples on the
Great Plains
The Great Plains is a broad expanse of plain, flatland in North America. The region stretches east of the Rocky Mountains, much of it covered in prairie, steppe, and grassland. They are the western part of the Interior Plains, which include th ...
.
April
*
April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
* 1081 – Alexios I Komnenos overthrows the Byzantine emperor Nikephoros III Botaneiates, and, after his tro ...
–
Lars Magnus Ericsson
Lars Magnus Ericsson (; 5 May 1846 – 17 December 1926) was a Swedish inventor, entrepreneur and founder of telephone equipment manufacturer Ericsson ( incorporated as ''Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson'').
Early life
Lars Magnus was born i ...
starts a small mechanical workshop in
Stockholm
Stockholm (; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, most populous city of Sweden, as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in the Nordic countries. Approximately ...
,
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...
(from April 27 partnering with Carl Johan Andersson), dealing with
telegraphy
Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas pi ...
equipment, which grows into the worldwide company
Ericsson
(), commonly known as Ericsson (), is a Swedish multinational networking and telecommunications company headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden. Ericsson has been a major contributor to the development of the telecommunications industry and is one ...
.
*
April 12
Events Pre-1600
* 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I.
* 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
– The ''
Indian Act
The ''Indian Act'' () is a Canadian Act of Parliament that concerns registered Indians, their bands, and the system of Indian reserves. First passed in 1876 and still in force with amendments, it is the primary document that defines how t ...
'' comes into force in Canada.
*
April 16
Events Pre-1600
* 1457 BC – Battle of Megido – the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail.
* 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Roman emperor Otho commits suicide.
* ...
– The
April Uprising
The April Uprising () was an insurrection organised by the Bulgarians in the Ottoman Empire from April to May 1876. The rebellion was suppressed by irregular Ottoman bashi-bazouk units that engaged in indiscriminate slaughter of both rebels ...
in
Bulgaria
Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ...
occurs.
*
April 17
Events Pre-1600
* 1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized.
* 1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of H ...
–
Friends Academy is founded by Gideon Frost at
Locust Valley, New York.
May
*
May 1
Events Pre-1600
* 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor.
* 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches.
* 1169 & ...
** The
Royal Titles Act 1876
The Royal Titles Act 1876 ( 39 & 40 Vict. c. 10) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which officially recognized Queen Victoria (and subsequent monarchs) as "Empress of India".
This title had been assumed by her in 1876, under ...
in the UK Parliament confers the title '
Empress of India
Emperor (or Empress) of India was a title used by British monarchs from 1 May 1876 (with the Royal Titles Act 1876) to 22 June 1948 Royal Proclamation of 22 June 1948, made in accordance with thIndian Independence Act 1947, 10 & 11 GEO. 6. C ...
' upon
Queen Victoria
Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until Death and state funeral of Queen Victoria, her death in January 1901. Her reign of 63 year ...
from 1877.
** The
Settle–Carlisle Railway in England is opened to passenger traffic (it opened to goods traffic in 1875).
*
May 10
Events Pre-1600
* 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China.
* 1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of ...
** The
Centennial Exposition
The Centennial International Exhibition, officially the International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and Mine, was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from May 10 to November 10, 1876. It was the first official wo ...
begins in
Philadelphia
Philadelphia ( ), colloquially referred to as Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania, most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the List of United States cities by population, sixth-most populous city in the Unit ...
.
** Major
pharmaceutical
Medication (also called medicament, medicine, pharmaceutical drug, medicinal product, medicinal drug or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease. Drug therapy ( pharmacotherapy) is an important part of the ...
brand
Eli Lilly
Eli Lilly (July 8, 1838 – June 6, 1898) was a Union Army officer, pharmacist, chemist, and businessman who founded Eli Lilly and Company.
Lilly enlisted in the Union Army during the American Civil War and recruited a company of men to ...
is founded in
Indiana
Indiana ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the s ...
, United States.
*
May 11
Events Pre-1600
* 330 – Constantine the Great dedicates the much-expanded and rebuilt city of Byzantium, changing its name to New Rome and declaring it the new capital of the Eastern Roman Empire.
*868 – A copy of the Diamond Sūtr ...
/
12 –
Berlin Memorandum: Germany, Russia and
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe#Before World War I, Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military ...
propose an armistice between
Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...
and its
insurgent
An insurgency is a violent, armed rebellion by small, lightly armed bands who practice guerrilla warfare against a larger authority. The key descriptive feature of insurgency is its asymmetric nature: small irregular forces face a large, well ...
s.
*
May 16
Events Pre-1600
* 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan.
* 1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire.
*13 ...
** British Prime Minister
Benjamin Disraeli
Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (21 December 1804 – 19 April 1881) was a British statesman, Conservative Party (UK), Conservative politician and writer who twice served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He played a ...
rejects the Berlin Memorandum.
**
German American
German Americans (, ) are Americans who have full or partial German ancestry.
According to the United States Census Bureau's figures from 2022, German Americans make up roughly 41 million people in the US, which is approximately 12% of the pop ...
"Napoleon of crime"
Adam Worth steals
Gainsborough's ''
Portrait of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire'' from a London gallery three weeks after its sale at
Christie's
Christie's is a British auction house founded in 1766 by James Christie (auctioneer), James Christie. Its main premises are on King Street, St James's in London, and it has additional salerooms in New York, Paris, Hong Kong, Milan, Geneva, Shan ...
for 10,000 guineas, the highest price ever paid for a painting at auction at this time. It is not recovered until 1901.
*
May 17
Events Pre-1600
* 1395 – Battle of Rovine: The Wallachians defeat an invading Ottoman army.
* 1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason.
* 1527 – Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explo ...
–
Nicolaus Otto
Nicolaus August Otto (10 June 1832 – 26 January 1891) was a German engineer who successfully developed the compressed charge internal combustion engine which ran on petroleum gas and led to the modern internal combustion engine. The Associa ...
files his
patent
A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an sufficiency of disclosure, enabling discl ...
for the
four-stroke cycle
A four-stroke (also four-cycle) engine is an internal combustion (IC) engine in which the piston completes four separate strokes while turning the crankshaft. A stroke refers to the full travel of the piston along the cylinder, in either directio ...
internal combustion engine
An internal combustion engine (ICE or IC engine) is a heat engine in which the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit. In an internal comb ...
.
*
May 18
Events Pre-1600
* 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople.
* 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of 47 ...
–
Wyatt Earp
Wyatt Berry Stapp Earp (March 19, 1848 – January 13, 1929) was an American lawman in the American West, including Dodge City, Kansas, Dodge City, Wichita, Kansas, Wichita, and Tombstone, Arizona, Tombstone. Earp was involved in the gunfight ...
starts work in
Dodge City, Kansas
Dodge City is a city in and the county seat of Ford County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 27,788. It was named after nearby Fort Dodge, which was named in honor of Grenville Dodge. The city ...
, serving under
Marshal
Marshal is a term used in several official titles in various branches of society. As marshals became trusted members of the courts of Middle Ages, Medieval Europe, the title grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it has been used fo ...
Larry Deger.
*
May 29
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – The Roman emperor Julian defeats the Sasanian army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Sasanian capital, but is unable to take the city.
* 1108 – Battle of Uclés: Almoravid troops unde ...
– The United States Senate votes 37 to 29 that U.S. Secretary of War
William W. Belknap cannot be barred from trial and
impeachment
Impeachment is a process by which a legislative body or other legally constituted tribunal initiates charges against a public official for misconduct. It may be understood as a unique process involving both political and legal elements.
In Eur ...
, despite being a private citizen; however, this is far short of the two-thirds majority required and thus he is acquitted.
*
May 30
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within .
* 1381 – ...
–
Abdülaziz
Abdulaziz (; ; 8 February 18304 June 1876) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 25 June 1861 to 30 May 1876, when he was 1876 Ottoman coup d'état, overthrown in a government coup. He was a son of Sultan Mahmud II and succeeded his brother ...
is deposed by his nephew
Murad V as
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
The sultans of the Ottoman Empire (), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to Dissolution of the Ottoman Em ...
on the grounds of mismanaging the economy; 6 days later, Abdülaziz is found dead at the
Çırağan Palace
Çırağan Palace (), a former Ottoman palace, is now a five-star hotel in the Kempinski Hotels chain. It is located on the European shore of the Bosporus, between Beşiktaş and Ortaköy in Istanbul, Turkey.
The Sultan Suite, billed at pe ...
in Istanbul and 93 days later Murad is deposed by
Abdul Hamid II
Abdulhamid II or Abdul Hamid II (; ; 21 September 184210 February 1918) was the 34th sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1876 to 1909, and the last sultan to exert effective control over the fracturing state. He oversaw a Decline and modernizati ...
on the grounds of mental illness. For this reason, in
Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...
1876 is known as the 'Year of the Three Sultans'.
*
May 30
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within .
* 1381 – ...
– The secret decree of
Ems Ukaz is issued by Tsar
Alexander II of Russia
Alexander II ( rus, Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, Congress Poland, King of Poland and Grand Du ...
in the German city of
Bad Ems, aimed at stopping the printing and distribution of
Ukrainian-language publications in the
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...
.
*
May
May is the fifth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 31 days.
May is a month of spring in the Northern Hemisphere, and autumn in the Southern Hemisphere. Therefore, May in the Southern Hemisphere is the ...
–
April Uprising
The April Uprising () was an insurrection organised by the Bulgarians in the Ottoman Empire from April to May 1876. The rebellion was suppressed by irregular Ottoman bashi-bazouk units that engaged in indiscriminate slaughter of both rebels ...
(Bulgaria):
Batak massacre – Bulgarians in Batak are massacred by Ottoman troops. The number of victims ranges from 3,000 to 5,000, depending on the source.
June
*
June 4 – The
Transcontinental Express arrives in
San Francisco
San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a commercial, Financial District, San Francisco, financial, and Culture of San Francisco, cultural center of Northern California. With a population of 827,526 residents as of ...
via the
First transcontinental railroad
America's first transcontinental railroad (known originally as the "Pacific Railroad" and later as the "Overland Route (Union Pacific Railroad), Overland Route") was a continuous railroad line built between 1863 and 1869 that connected the exis ...
, 83 hours and 39 minutes after having left
New York City
New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ...
.
*
June 6
Events Pre-1600
* 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointe ...
– The Association of Medical Officers of American Institutions for Idiotic and Feebleminded Persons, later known as the
American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, is founded when several directors led by
Édouard Séguin
Édouard Séguin (January 20, 1812 – October 28, 1880) was a French physician and educationist born in Clamecy, Nièvre. He is remembered for his work with children having cognitive impairments in France and the United States.
Background and ...
, inspired by Centennial events, meet to improve the lives of those with disabilities.
*
June 17
Events Pre-1600
* 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism.
*1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were burn ...
–
American Indian Wars
The American Indian Wars, also known as the American Frontier Wars, and the Indian Wars, was a conflict initially fought by European colonization of the Americas, European colonial empires, the United States, and briefly the Confederate States o ...
:
Battle of the Rosebud
The Battle of the Rosebud (also known as the Battle of Rosebud Creek) took place on June 17, 1876, in the Montana Territory between the United States Army and its Crow Nation, Crow and Shoshone, Shoshoni allies against a force consisting mostly o ...
– 1,500
Sioux
The Sioux or Oceti Sakowin ( ; Dakota/ Lakota: ) are groups of Native American tribes and First Nations people from the Great Plains of North America. The Sioux have two major linguistic divisions: the Dakota and Lakota peoples (translati ...
and
Cheyenne
The Cheyenne ( ) are an Indigenous people of the Great Plains. The Cheyenne comprise two Native American tribes, the Só'taeo'o or Só'taétaneo'o (more commonly spelled as Suhtai or Sutaio) and the (also spelled Tsitsistas, The term for th ...
, led by
Crazy Horse
Crazy Horse ( , ; – September 5, 1877) was a Lakota people, Lakota war leader of the Oglala band. He took up arms against the United States federal government to fight against encroachment by White Americans, White American settlers on Nativ ...
, beat back General
George Crook
George R. Crook (September 8, 1828 – March 21, 1890) was a career United States Army officer who served in the American Civil War and the Indian Wars. He is best known for commanding U.S. forces in the Geronimo Campaign, 1886 campaign that ...
's forces at Rosebud Creek in
Montana Territory
The Territory of Montana was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from May 26, 1864, until November 8, 1889, when it was admitted as the 41st state in the Union as the state of Montana.
Original boundaries
...
.
*
June 19 – Jászkunság, the last remnant of
Kunság
Kunság (; ), later also known as Jászkunság or Jászkun kerület (lit. "Jassic–Cuman District"), is a historical, ethnographic and geographical region in Hungary, corresponding to a former political entity created by and for the Cumans or Ku ...
within
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe#Before World War I, Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military ...
, is disestablished.
*
June 25/
26 –
American Indian Wars
The American Indian Wars, also known as the American Frontier Wars, and the Indian Wars, was a conflict initially fought by European colonization of the Americas, European colonial empires, the United States, and briefly the Confederate States o ...
:
Battle of the Little Bighorn
The Battle of the Little Bighorn, known to the Lakota people, Lakota and other Plains Indians as the Battle of the Greasy Grass, and commonly referred to as Custer's Last Stand, was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota Si ...
: 300 men of the
U.S. 7th Cavalry Regiment under
Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer
George Armstrong Custer (December 5, 1839 – June 25, 1876) was a United States Army officer and cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars.
Custer graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point ...
are wiped out by 5,000
Lakota
Lakota may refer to:
*Lakota people, a confederation of seven related Native American tribes
*Lakota language
Lakota ( ), also referred to as Lakhota, Teton or Teton Sioux, is a Siouan languages, Siouan language spoken by the Lakota people of ...
,
Cheyenne
The Cheyenne ( ) are an Indigenous people of the Great Plains. The Cheyenne comprise two Native American tribes, the Só'taeo'o or Só'taétaneo'o (more commonly spelled as Suhtai or Sutaio) and the (also spelled Tsitsistas, The term for th ...
and
Arapaho
The Arapaho ( ; , ) are a Native American people historically living on the plains of Colorado and Wyoming. They were close allies of the Cheyenne tribe and loosely aligned with the Lakota and Dakota.
By the 1850s, Arapaho bands formed t ...
, led by
Sitting Bull
Sitting Bull ( ; December 15, 1890) was a Hunkpapa Lakota people, Lakota leader who led his people during years of resistance against Federal government of the United States, United States government policies. Sitting Bull was killed by Indian ...
and
Crazy Horse
Crazy Horse ( , ; – September 5, 1877) was a Lakota people, Lakota war leader of the Oglala band. He took up arms against the United States federal government to fight against encroachment by White Americans, White American settlers on Nativ ...
.
July

*
July 1
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.
* 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and ...
–
Serbia
, image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg
, national_motto =
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg
, national_anthem = ()
, image_map =
, map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...
declares war on the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...
.
*
July 2 –
Montenegro
, image_flag = Flag of Montenegro.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Montenegro.svg
, coa_size = 80
, national_motto =
, national_anthem = ()
, image_map = Europe-Mont ...
declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
*
July 4
Events Pre-1600
* 362 BC – Battle of Mantinea: The Thebans, led by Epaminondas, defeated the Spartans.
* 414 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 13, yields power to his older sister Aelia Pulcheria, who reigned as regent and procla ...
– The United States
Centennial Exposition
The Centennial International Exhibition, officially the International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and Mine, was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from May 10 to November 10, 1876. It was the first official wo ...
is celebrated across the country.
*
July 8
Events Pre-1600
* 1099 – Some 15,000 starving Christian soldiers begin the siege of Jerusalem by marching in a religious procession around the city as its Muslim defenders watch.
* 1167 – The Byzantines defeat the Hungarian army ...
–
Reichstadt Agreement: Russia and Austria-Hungary agree on partitioning the
Balkan Peninsula
The Balkans ( , ), corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch throug ...
.
*
July 13
Events Pre-1600
*1174 – William the Lion, William I of Scotland, a key Rebellion, rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
*1249 – Coronation of Alexander III of Scotland, Ale ...
– The prosecution of
Arthur Tooth
Arthur Tooth (17 June 1839 – 5 March 1931) was a ritualism, ritualist priest in the Church of England and a member of the Society of the Holy Cross. Tooth is best known for being prosecuted in 1876 under the Public Worship Regulation Ac ...
, an
Anglican
Anglicanism, also known as Episcopalianism in some countries, is a Western Christianity, Western Christian tradition which developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the ...
clergyman
Clergy are formal leaders within established religions. Their roles and functions vary in different religious traditions, but usually involve presiding over specific rituals and teaching their religion's doctrines and practices. Some of the ter ...
, for using
ritualist
A ritual is a repeated, structured sequence of actions or behaviors that alters the internal or external state of an individual, group, or environment, regardless of conscious understanding, emotional context, or symbolic meaning. Traditionally ...
practices begins.
August
*
August 1
Events Pre-1600
* 30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
*AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt u ...
**
Colorado
Colorado is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States. It is one of the Mountain states, sharing the Four Corners region with Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. It is also bordered by Wyoming to the north, Nebraska to the northeast, Kansas ...
is admitted as the 38th
U.S. state
In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory where it shares its so ...
.
** The United States Senate votes to acquit former Secretary of War
William W. Belknap of all
impeachment
Impeachment is a process by which a legislative body or other legally constituted tribunal initiates charges against a public official for misconduct. It may be understood as a unique process involving both political and legal elements.
In Eur ...
charges relating to the
trader post scandal.
*
August 2
Events Pre-1600
*338 BC – A Ancient Macedonian army, Macedonian army led by Philip II of Macedon, Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes, Greece, Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC), Battle of Chaeronea, secu ...
–
Wild Bill Hickok
James Butler Hickok (May 27, 1837August 2, 1876), better known as "Wild Bill" Hickok, was a folk hero of the American Old West known for his life on the frontier as a soldier, reconnaissance, scout, lawman, cattle rustler, gunslinger, gambler, s ...
is murdered in
Deadwood, South Dakota
Deadwood (Lakota: ''Owáyasuta''; "To approve or confirm things") is a city that serves as the county seat of Lawrence County, South Dakota, United States. It was named by early settlers after the dead trees found in its gulch. The city had its ...
.
*
August 6
Events Pre-1600
*686 – The Ummayad forces suffer a deceisive defeat against the pro-Alid forces under Ibrahim ibn al-Ashtar in the battle of Khazir.
*1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria (1284), Battle o ...
– The first issue of
Arabic language
Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns lang ...
newspaper
A newspaper is a Periodical literature, periodical publication containing written News, information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as poli ...
''
Al-Ahram
''Al-Ahram'' (; ), founded on 5 August 1876, is the most widely circulating Egyptian daily newspaper, and the second-oldest after '' Al-Waqa'i' al-Misriyya'' (''The Egyptian Events'', founded 1828). It is majority owned by the Egyptian governm ...
'' is published by
Saleem and
Beshara Takla in
Alexandria
Alexandria ( ; ) is the List of cities and towns in Egypt#Largest cities, second largest city in Egypt and the List of coastal settlements of the Mediterranean Sea, largest city on the Mediterranean coast. It lies at the western edge of the Nile ...
,
Muhammad Ali dynasty
The Muhammad Ali dynasty or the Alawiyya dynasty was the ruling dynasty of Egypt and Sudan from the 19th to the mid-20th century. It is named after its progenitor, the Albanians, Albanian Muhammad Ali of Egypt, Muhammad Ali, regarded as the fou ...
(modern-day
Egypt
Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...
).
*
August 8
Events Pre-1600
* 685 BC – Spring and Autumn period: Battle of Qianshi: Upon the death of the previous Duke of Qi, Gongsun Wuzhi, Duke Zhuang of Lu sends an army into the Duchy of Qi to install the exiled Qi prince Gongzi Jiu as t ...
–
Thomas Edison
Thomas Alva Edison (February11, 1847October18, 1931) was an American inventor and businessman. He developed many devices in fields such as electric power generation, mass communication, sound recording, and motion pictures. These inventions, ...
receives a patent for his
mimeograph
A mimeograph machine (often abbreviated to mimeo, sometimes called a stencil duplicator or stencil machine) is a low-cost duplicating machine that works by forcing ink through a stencil onto paper. The process is called mimeography, and a co ...
.
*
August 13
Events Pre-1600
* 29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes.
* 523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas.
* 554 &ndash ...
– The
Bayreuth Festival
The Bayreuth Festival () is a music festival held annually in Bayreuth, Germany, at which performances of stage works by the 19th-century German composer Richard Wagner are presented. Wagner himself conceived and promoted the idea of a special ...
, showcasing the stage works of
Richard Wagner
Wilhelm Richard Wagner ( ; ; 22 May 181313 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, essayist, and conductor who is chiefly known for his operas (or, as some of his mature works were later known, "music dramas"). Unlike most o ...
, is inaugurated under the direction of him and his wife
Cosima.
*
August 14
Events Pre-1600
* 74 BC – A group of officials, led by the Western Han minister Huo Guang, present articles of impeachment against the new emperor, Liu He, to the imperial regent, Empress Dowager Shangguan.
* 29 BC – Octavian ...
–
Prairie View A&M University
Prairie View A&M University (PVAMU or PV) is a Public university, public Historically black colleges and universities, historically black land-grant university in Prairie View, Texas, United States. Founded in 1876, it is one of Texas's two lan ...
, at the time named Alta Vista Agriculture & Mechanical College of Texas for Colored Youth, is founded, the first state-supported
HBCU
Historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) are institutions of higher education in the United States that were established before the Civil Rights Act of 1964 with the intention of serving African Americans. Most are in the Southern U ...
in the state of
Texas
Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the we ...
.
*
August 31
Events Pre-1600
* 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty.
* 1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one ye ...
–
Murad V,
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
The sultans of the Ottoman Empire (), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to Dissolution of the Ottoman Em ...
, is deposed and succeeded by his brother
Abdul Hamid II
Abdulhamid II or Abdul Hamid II (; ; 21 September 184210 February 1918) was the 34th sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1876 to 1909, and the last sultan to exert effective control over the fracturing state. He oversaw a Decline and modernizati ...
.
September
*
September 5 – British Prime Minister
William Gladstone
William Ewart Gladstone ( ; 29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British politican, starting as Conservative MP for Newark and later becoming the leader of the Liberal Party.
In a career lasting over 60 years, he was Prime Minister ...
publishes his ''Bulgarian Horrors'' pamphlet.
* September 7 – In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and the James–Younger Gang attempt to rob the town's bank, but are surrounded by an angry mob and nearly wiped out.
* September 12 – King Leopold II of Belgium hosts the Brussels Geographic Conference, on the subject of colonizing and exploring central Africa. By the event's conclusion, a new international body named the International African Association (indirect forerunner of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, modern Congo state) is established.
* September 26 – Global consumer goods and personal care company Henkel is founded by Friedrich Karl Henkel in Aachen, Germany.
October
* October 4 – Texas A&M University opens for classes.
* October 6 – The American Library Association is founded in
Philadelphia
Philadelphia ( ), colloquially referred to as Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania, most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the List of United States cities by population, sixth-most populous city in the Unit ...
.
*October 26 – José María Iglesias begins his disputed President of Mexico, presidency of Mexico.
* October 31 – The great 1876 Bengal cyclone strikes the coast of modern-day Bangladesh, killing 200,000.
November
* November 1 – The British Colony of New Zealand dissolves its Provinces of New Zealand, 9 provinces and replaces them with Counties of New Zealand, 63 counties.
* November 4 – The long-awaited Symphony No. 1 (Brahms), First Symphony of Johannes Brahms has its première at Karlsruhe, under the baton of Otto Dessoff.
* November 7
** 1876 United States presidential election: After long and heated disputes, Rutherford B. Hayes is eventually declared the winner over Samuel J. Tilden.
** A failed grave robbery of the Lincoln Tomb takes place this night.
* November 10 – The
Centennial Exposition
The Centennial International Exhibition, officially the International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and Mine, was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from May 10 to November 10, 1876. It was the first official wo ...
ends in
Philadelphia
Philadelphia ( ), colloquially referred to as Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania, most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the List of United States cities by population, sixth-most populous city in the Unit ...
, Pennsylvania.
* November 23 – Corrupt Tammany Hall leader William Marcy Tweed (better known as Boss Tweed) is delivered to authorities in New York City, after being captured in Spain.
* November 25 –
American Indian Wars
The American Indian Wars, also known as the American Frontier Wars, and the Indian Wars, was a conflict initially fought by European colonization of the Americas, European colonial empires, the United States, and briefly the Confederate States o ...
: Dull Knife Fight – In retaliation for the dramatic American defeat at the
Battle of the Little Bighorn
The Battle of the Little Bighorn, known to the Lakota people, Lakota and other Plains Indians as the Battle of the Greasy Grass, and commonly referred to as Custer's Last Stand, was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota Si ...
, United States Army troops under General Ranald S. Mackenzie sack Chief Dull Knife's sleeping
Cheyenne
The Cheyenne ( ) are an Indigenous people of the Great Plains. The Cheyenne comprise two Native American tribes, the Só'taeo'o or Só'taétaneo'o (more commonly spelled as Suhtai or Sutaio) and the (also spelled Tsitsistas, The term for th ...
village at the headwaters of the Powder River (Montana). The soldiers destroy all of the villagers' winter food and clothing, and then slash their ponies' throats.
* November 29 – Porfirio Díaz becomes President of Mexico.
December
* December 2 – ''Chugai Economic Daily'', predecessor of ''Nikkei Economic Daily'' (''Nihon Keizai Shinbun''), is first issued in Tokyo, Japan.
* December 5 – The Brooklyn Theatre fire kills at least 278, possibly more than 300.
* December 6 – The first cremation in the United States takes place, in a crematory built by Francis Julius LeMoyne at North Franklin Township, Pennsylvania.
* December 13 – New Constitution of the Ottoman Empire signed, ending Tanzimat in the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...
.
* December 23 – Constantinople Conference opens.
* December 29 – The Ashtabula River railroad disaster occurs in Ohio when a bridge collapses, leaving 92 dead.
* December – The first American edition of Mark Twain's ''The Adventures of Tom Sawyer'' is published by the American Publishing Company; a British edition has appeared in early June in London with the first review appearing on June 24 in a British magazine.
Date unknown

* The Northern Chinese Famine of 1876–79, which will claim 30 million lives and become the List of natural disasters by death toll, 5th-worst famine in recorded history, begins after the droughts of the previous year.
* Heinz Tomato Ketchup is introduced in the United States.
* Adolphus Busch's brewery, Anheuser-Busch in St. Louis, Missouri, first markets Budweiser, a pale lager, as a nationally sold beer.
* Charles Wells Ltd, Charles Wells opens his brewery, based in Bedford, England.
* Star Oil Company, predecessor of the global Chevron Corporation, Chevron energy product and sales brand, is founded in California.
* Emile Berliner invents an improved form of microphone which will be adopted for
Alexander Graham Bell
Alexander Graham Bell (; born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born Canadian Americans, Canadian-American inventor, scientist, and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He als ...
's telephone.
* Lyford House, by Richardson Bay, Tiburon, California, is constructed.
* Construction of Spandau Prison in Berlin is completed.
* Samurai are banned from carrying swords in Japan, and their stipends are replaced by a one-time grant of income-bearing bonds.
* The Conchological Society of Great Britain & Ireland is founded.
* Heinrich Schliemann begins excavation at Mycenae.
* Stockport Lacrosse Club, thought to be the oldest existing lacrosse club in the world, is founded at Cale Green Cricket Club in Davenport, Greater Manchester, Davenport, near Manchester in England, where they will still be playing in the 21st century.
Births
January–March
* January 5 – Konrad Adenauer, Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic), Chancellor of Germany (d. 1967)
* January 8 – Arturs Alberings, Prime Minister of Latvia (d. 1934)
* January 12
** Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari, Italian composer (d. 1948)
** Jack London, American author (d. 1916)
* January 20 – Józef Hofmann, Polish pianist (d. 1967)
* January 22 – Bess Houdini, wife, stage partner of Harry Houdini (d. 1943)
* January 23 – Otto Diels, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1954)
* January 24 – Theodor Tobler, Swiss chocolatier, founder of Toblerone (d. 1941)
* January 29 – Havergal Brian, British composer (d. 1972)
* February 8 – Paula Modersohn-Becker, German painter (d. 1907)
* February 12 – Thubten Gyatso, 13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso, 13th Dalai Lama (d. 1933)
* February 16
** Mack Swain, American actor (d. 1935)
** G. M. Trevelyan, British historian (d. 1962)
*
February 19
Events Pre-1600
* 197 – Emperor Septimius Severus defeats Roman usurper, usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies.
* 356 – The anti-paganism policy of Constantius II forbids the w ...
– Constantin Brâncuși, Romanian sculptor (d. 1957)
*
February 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Fer ...
– Zitkala-Sa, Native American writer, activist, editor, educator and translator (d. 1938)
* February 23 – Senjūrō Hayashi, Japanese general and politician, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1943)
* March 1 – Henri de Baillet-Latour, Belgian International Olympic Committee president (d. 1942)
*
March 2
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost ...
** James A. Gilmore, American businessman and baseball executive (d. 1947)
** Pope Pius XII (d. 1958)
* March 4 – Theodore Hardeen, Hungarian magician and stunt performer, founder of the Magician's Guild (d. 1945)
* March 5 – Tiburcio Carías Andino, President of Honduras, 24th President of Honduras (d. 1969)
* March 6 – A. A. Kannisto, Finnish politician (d. 1930)
*
March 7
Events Pre-1600
* 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius.
* 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cobl ...
– Edgar Evans, Welsh naval seaman and polar explorer (d. 1912)
* March 11 – Carl Ruggles, American composer (d. 1971)
* March 15 – Óscar R. Benavides, 67th and 76th President of Peru (d. 1945)
* March 21 – Walter Tewksbury, American athlete (d. 1968)
* March 22 – Henry O'Malley, American fish culturist, United States Commissioner of Fisheries (d. 1936)
* March 26 – Wilhelm, Prince of Albania, sovereign Prince of Albania (d. 1945)
* March 31 – Borisav Stanković,
Serbia
, image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg
, national_motto =
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg
, national_anthem = ()
, image_map =
, map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...
n writer (d. 1927)
April–June

*
April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
* 1081 – Alexios I Komnenos overthrows the Byzantine emperor Nikephoros III Botaneiates, and, after his tro ...
** Peter Strasser, German naval officer, airship commander (d. 1918)
** James Young Deer, Native American film producer (d. 1946)
* April 3 – Margaret Anglin, Canadian stage actress (d. 1958)
* April 4
**Bolesław Roja, Polish general (d. 1940)
**Maurice de Vlaminck, French painter, poet (d. 1958)
* April 9 – Ettore Bastico, Italian field marshal (d. 1972)
* April 11 – Paul Henry (painter), Paul Henry, Irish artist (d. 1958)
*
April 12
Events Pre-1600
* 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I.
* 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
– Oskar Fischer, Czech Scientist (d. 1942)
* April 14 – Sir Murray Bisset, South African cricketer, Governor of Southern Rhodesia (d. 1931)
* April 22 – Róbert Bárány, Hungarian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1936)
* April 23 – Mary Ellicott Arnold, American social activist, writer (d. 1968)
* April 24 – Erich Raeder, German admiral (d. 1960)
* April 26 – Mariam Thresia Chiramel, Indian Catholic professed religious and stigmatist (d. 1926)
*
May 10
Events Pre-1600
* 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China.
* 1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of ...
**Ivan Cankar, Slovenian writer (d. 1918)
**Shigeru Honjō, Japanese general (d. 1945)
*
May 18
Events Pre-1600
* 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople.
* 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of 47 ...
– Hermann Müller (politician, born 1876), Hermann Müller, Chancellor of Germany (German Reich), Chancellor of Germany (d. 1931)
*
June 4 – Clara Blandick, American actress (d. 1962)
* June 13 – William Sealy Gosset, English chemist and statistician (d. 1937)
*
June 19 – Sir Nigel Gresley, English steam locomotive engineer (''LNER Class A3 4472 Flying Scotsman, Flying Scotsman'' & ''LNER Class A4 4468 Mallard, Mallard'') (d. 1941)
* June 22 – Madeleine Vionnet, French fashion designer (d. 1975)
July–September

*
July 2 – Wilhelm Cuno, Chancellor of Germany (German Reich), Chancellor of Germany (d. 1933)
*July 3 – George Murray Levick, British Antarctic explorer and naval surgeon (d. 1956)
* July 6 – Luis Emilio Recabarren, Chilean politician, founder of the Communist Party of Chile. (d. 1924)
*
July 8
Events Pre-1600
* 1099 – Some 15,000 starving Christian soldiers begin the siege of Jerusalem by marching in a religious procession around the city as its Muslim defenders watch.
* 1167 – The Byzantines defeat the Hungarian army ...
– Alexandros Papanastasiou, 2-time prime minister of Greece (d. 1936)
* July 12
** Max Jacob, French poet (d. 1944)
** Alphaeus Philemon Cole, American artist, engraver, etcher and supercentenarian (d. 1988)
* July 16 – Alfred Stock, German chemist (d. 1946)
* July 19
** Ignaz Seipel, 4th Chancellor of Austria (d. 1932)
** Joseph Fielding Smith, 10th president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1972)
* July 29 – Maria Ouspenskaya, Russian actress, acting teacher (d. 1949)
* August 5 – Sydney Spencer Sawrey-Cookson, British judge (d. 1933)
* August 7 – Mata Hari, Dutch exotic dancer, spy (d. 1917)
* August 15 – Stylianos Gonatas, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1966)
* August 17
** Eric Drummond, 16th Earl of Perth, British politician, first Secretary-General of the League of Nations (d. 1951)
** Henri Winkelman, Dutch general (d. 1952)
* August 25 – Eglantyne Jebb, English co-founder of the ''Save the Children Fund'', champion of children's human rights (d. 1928)
* August 29 – Kim Ku, Korean politician (d. 1949)
* September 1 – Harriet Shaw Weaver, English political activist (d. 1961)
*
September 5 – Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb, German field marshal (d. 1956)
* September 6 – John Macleod (physiologist), John Macleod, Scottish-born physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1935)
* September 7 – Francesco Buhagiar, 2nd Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1934)
* September 13 – Sherwood Anderson, American writer (d. 1941)
* September 15 – Bruno Walter, German conductor (d. 1962)
* September 16 – Marvin Hart, American boxer (d. 1931)
* September 18 – James Scullin, 9th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1953)
* September 22 – André Tardieu, 3-time prime minister of France (d. 1945)
* September 23 – Brudenell White, Australian general (d. 1940)
* September 26 – Edith Abbott, American social worker, educator and author (d. 1957)
* September 29 – Charlie Llewellyn, first non-white South African Test cricketer (d. 1964)
October–December
* October 7 – Louis Tancred, South African cricketer (d. 1934)
* October 9 – Sol Plaatje, South African political activist (d. 1932)
* October 11 – Karl Leopold von Möller, German officer, journalist, author and politician (d. 1943)
* October 13 – Rube Waddell, American baseball player (d. 1914)
* October 21 – Sir Fraser Russell, South African-born Governor of Southern Rhodesia (d. 1952)
* October 26 – H. B. Warner, English stage, screen actor (d. 1958)
* October 29 – Anton Boisen, American founder of the clinical pastoral education movement (d. 1965)
* November 2 – Alfred S. Alschuler, American architect (d. 1940)
* November 3 – Rupert D'Oyly Carte, English hotelier, theatre owner and impresario (d. 1948)
* November 7
** Culbert Olson, Governor of California (d. 1962)
** Charlie Townsend, English cricketer (d. 1958)
* November 13 – William N. Andrews, American politician and member of the United States House of Representatives from 1919 to 1921 (d. 1937)
* November 17 – August Sander, German photographer (d. 1964)
* November 23 – Manuel de Falla, Spanish composer (d. 1946)
* November 24 – Walter Burley Griffin, American architect (d. 1937)
* December 9 – Berton Churchill, Canadian actor (d. 1940)
* December 12 – Alvin Kraenzlein, American athlete (d. 1928)
* December 21 – Jack Lang (Australian politician), Jack Lang, Australian politician (d. 1975)
* December 25
** Adolf Windaus, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1959)
** Muhammad Ali Jinnah, founder, first governor general of Pakistan (official birthday; d. 1948)
* December 29
** Pablo Casals, Catalan cellist (d. 1973)
** Lionel Tertis, English violist (d. 1975)
Date unknown
* Petro Trad, 5th President and 14th Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. 1947)
* Abd Allah Siraj, Prime Minister of Jordan (d. 1949)
Deaths
January–June

* January 10 – Gordon Granger, American General (b. 1822)
* January 15 – Eliza McCardle Johnson, First Lady of the United States (b. 1810)
* February 10 – Reverdy Johnson, American politician (b. 1796)
* February 18 – Charlotte Cushman, American actress (b. 1816)
*
February 24
Events Pre-1600
* 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica.
* 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence.
...
– Joseph Jenkins Roberts, 2-time President of Liberia (b. 1809)
* March 29 – Karl Ferdinand Ranke, German educator (b. 1806)
* April 9 – Charles Goodyear (politician), Charles Goodyear, American politician (b. 1804)
* May 3 – Luis Francisco Benítez de Lugo y Benítez de Lugo (b. 1837)
* May 7 – William Buell Sprague, American clergyman, author (b. 1795)
* May 8 – Truganini, Tasmanian language=Aboriginal woman (b. c. 1812)
* May 24 – Henry Kingsley, English novelist (b. 1830)
* May 25 – Franz von John, Austrian general and politician (b. 1815)
* May 26 – František Palacký, Czech historian, politician (b. 1798)
* June 1 – Hristo Botev, Bulgarian revolutionary (b. 1848)
*
June 4 –
Abdülaziz
Abdulaziz (; ; 8 February 18304 June 1876) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 25 June 1861 to 30 May 1876, when he was 1876 Ottoman coup d'état, overthrown in a government coup. He was a son of Sultan Mahmud II and succeeded his brother ...
, 32nd
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
The sultans of the Ottoman Empire (), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to Dissolution of the Ottoman Em ...
(b. 1830)
*
June 6
Events Pre-1600
* 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointe ...
– Auguste Casimir-Perier, French diplomat (b. 1811)
* June 7 – Josephine of Leuchtenberg, Queen of Sweden and Norway (b. 1807)
* June 8 – George Sand, French writer (b. 1804)
* June 20 – John Neal, American writer, critic and women's rights activist (b. 1793)
* June 21 – Antonio López de Santa Anna, 11-time President of Mexico (b. 1794)
*
June 25 –
George Armstrong Custer
George Armstrong Custer (December 5, 1839 – June 25, 1876) was a United States Army officer and cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars.
Custer graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point ...
, U.S. Army general (killed in action) (b. 1839)
* June 27 – Harriet Martineau, British social theorist, writer (b. 1802)
July–December

*
July 1
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.
* 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and ...
**Mikhail Bakunin, Russian revolutionary, anarchist (b. 1814)
**Wilhelm von Ramming, Austrian general (b. 1815)
*July 15 – Juan Pablo Duarte, Dominican revolutionary and political activist.
*
August 2
Events Pre-1600
*338 BC – A Ancient Macedonian army, Macedonian army led by Philip II of Macedon, Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes, Greece, Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC), Battle of Chaeronea, secu ...
–
Wild Bill Hickok
James Butler Hickok (May 27, 1837August 2, 1876), better known as "Wild Bill" Hickok, was a folk hero of the American Old West known for his life on the frontier as a soldier, reconnaissance, scout, lawman, cattle rustler, gunslinger, gambler, s ...
, American gunfighter, entertainer (b. 1837)
*
September 5 – Manuel Blanco Encalada, Spanish-Chilean admiral and politician, 1st President of Chile (b. 1790)
* September 7 – Nicolás Patiño Sosa, Venezuelan military man (b. 1825)
* September 10 – John Ireland Howe, American inventor (b. 1793)
* September 27 – Braxton Bragg, American Confederate Civil War general (b. 1817)
* October 1 – James Lick, American land baron (b. 1796)
* November 16 – Karl Ernst von Baer, Estonian-German scientist, explorer (b. 1792)
* November 18 – Narcisse Virgilio Díaz, French painter (b. 1807)
* December 29 – Titus Salt, English woollen manufacturer, philanthropist (b. 1803)
* December 31 – Catherine Labouré, French visionary, saint (b. 1806)
Date unknown
* Anna Volkova, Russian chemist (b. 1800)
References
* ''Appleton's Annual Cyclopedia ...for 1876'' (1885
online edition comprehensive world coverage
{{DEFAULTSORT:1876
1876,
Leap years in the Gregorian calendar