ʿĪsā ibn Aḥmad al-Rāzī (died 980) was a

Muslim Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...

historian who wrote a continuation of the chronicle ''Akhbār mulūk al-Andalus'', the first narrative history of Islamic rule in Spain, which was written by his father,

Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Mūsa al-Rāzī Aḥmad al-Rāzī (April 888 – 1 November 955), full name Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Rāzī al-Kinānī, was a Muslim historian of Persians, Persian origin who wrote the first narrative history of al-Andalus, Islamic rule in S ...

. The

Arabic Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns lang ...

version of the ''Akhbār mulūk al-Andalus'' along with ʿĪsā's contribution to it is now lost. All that survives of ʿĪsā's part are quotations in other Arabic histories. It appears that he began with the accession of

ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Ḥakam al-Rabdī ibn Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Dākhil (; 890–961), or simply ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III, was the Umayyad Emir of Córdoba fro ...

emir Emir (; ' (), also Romanization of Arabic, transliterated as amir, is a word of Arabic language, Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocratic, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person po ...

in 912. His sections are richer in detail than his father's and reflect the cultural interests of the court of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān and his successor,

al-Ḥakam II Al-Hakam II, also known as Abū al-ʿĀṣ al-Mustanṣir bi-Llāh al-Hakam b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān (; 13 January 915 – 1 October 976), was the Caliph of Córdoba. He was the second Umayyad Caliph of Córdoba in Al-Andalus, and son of Abd-al-Rah ...

. The work may have been dedicated to the latter, who died in 976. There is evidence of the use of Christian sources, as in the use of the Spanish era in addition to the Islamic era. ʿĪsā may have had access to the history of the

Franks file:Frankish arms.JPG, Aristocratic Frankish burial items from the Merovingian dynasty The Franks ( or ; ; ) were originally a group of Germanic peoples who lived near the Rhine river, Rhine-river military border of Germania Inferior, which wa ...

by Bishop Gotmar that ʿAbd al-Raḥmān had commissioned. Ibn Ḥayyān quotes ʿĪsā's history of al-Ḥakam's reign from 971 to 975 in his ''Muqtabis''. Of Aḥmad and ʿĪsā, Ibn Ḥayyān writes, "Together they endowed the Andalusis with a science istoriographythey had not hitherto practised with success."

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* * * * * {{refend 980 deaths 10th-century historians from al-Andalus 10th-century Arabic-language writers Writers of Iranian descent