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Șcheii Brașovului ( hu, Bolgárszeg, german: Belgerei or more recently ''Obere Vorstadt''; traditional Romanian name: ''Bulgărimea'', colloquially ''Șchei'') is the old ethnically Bulgarian and Romanian neighborhood of
Until the 17th century, the inhabitants of Șchei were forbidden from owning property inside the city walls. The people living in the Șchei could only enter the town at certain times and had to pay a toll at the Catherine's Gate for the privilege of selling their produce inside the town. Catherine's Gate was the only entrance for the
Brașov
Brașov (, , ; german: Kronstadt; hu, Brassó; la, Corona; Transylvanian Saxon: ''Kruhnen'') is a city in Transylvania, Romania and the administrative centre of Brașov County.
According to the latest Romanian census ( 2011), Brașov has a po ...
, a city in southeastern Transylvania
Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the ...
, Romania.
This village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town (although the word is often used to describe both hamlets and smaller towns), with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to ...
-like section of the town is mostly made up of small houses built along narrow roads with gardens and small fields on the slopes of the Tâmpa Mountain.
History
Until the 17th century, the inhabitants of Șchei were forbidden from owning property inside the city walls. The people living in the Șchei could only enter the town at certain times and had to pay a toll at the Catherine's Gate for the privilege of selling their produce inside the town. Catherine's Gate was the only entrance for the Romanians
The Romanians ( ro, români, ; dated exonym '' Vlachs'') are a Romance-speaking ethnic group. Sharing a common Romanian culture and ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2011 Roman ...
— they were not allowed to use the other four entrances, such as the Șchei Gate. It was in Șchei that Brașov's first Romanian School was established, next to the Romanian Orthodox
The Romanian Orthodox Church (ROC; ro, Biserica Ortodoxă Română, ), or Patriarchate of Romania, is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox church in full communion with other Eastern Orthodox Christian churches, and one of the nine patriarchate ...
church of St. Nicholas.
Researchers maintain the Șchei were ethnic Bulgarians who later adopted the Romanian language and ethnic identity. The neighborhood's name has been recorded through the ages as follows: ''Bolgarszek'' (1611), ''Scheu Brașovului'', ''orașul Schei lângă Cetatea Brașovolui'' (1700), ''Bolgarsek, Șchei de lângă Brașov'' (1701), ''Șchiiaii Brașovului'' (1708), ''Bolgaria Brașovului'' (1723), ''Șchei lângă cetate Brașovului unde-i zic Bolgara, Șchiai'' (1724), ''obștea din Bolgarseghi'' (1773), ''sărăcimea obștii Bolgarsegului'' (1774), ''Bolgarsec, Biserica Bolgarseghiului'' (1813), ''Bolgarsechi'' (1816), ''Bolgarsăchiu'' (1817), etc.
According to Radu Tempea's ''Istoria besérecei Șchéilor Brașovului'' manuscript of 1899, the Bulgarians arrived in Brașov in the late 14th century, more exactly 1392. Their arrival is linked to the reconstruction of the Black Church
The black church (sometimes termed Black Christianity or African American Christianity) is the faith and body of Christian congregations and denominations in the United States that minister predominantly to African Americans, as well as thei ...
, which had been destroyed by the Tatars
The Tatars ()Tatar
in the Collins English Dictionary is an umbrella term for different in the 13th century, the reconstruction beginning 1385. By the beginning of the 19th century, the Bulgarian population of Șcheii Brașovului had been gradually Romanianized. An 1829 statistic on the population of Bolgárszeg, which stated the neighbourhood had a population of 5,829, did include ''Bulgari'' ("Bulgarians") in the list along with ''Valachi'' ("
File:Poarta Schei Brasov 2.jpg, Șchei Gate
File:Petocile Brasov.JPG, Typical street in Șcheii Brașovului
File:First Romanian school Brasov.JPG, First Romanian School
File:Brasov, san nicola 01.JPG, St. Nicholas Orthodox Church
File:Sf Treime Brasov 2.jpg, Holy Trinity Orthodox Church
File:Solomon cliffs2.JPG, Solomon Cliffs (Pietrele lui Solomon) in Șcheii Brașovului
File:CascadaPLS.jpg, Waterfall at Solomon Cliffs
in the Collins English Dictionary is an umbrella term for different in the 13th century, the reconstruction beginning 1385. By the beginning of the 19th century, the Bulgarian population of Șcheii Brașovului had been gradually Romanianized. An 1829 statistic on the population of Bolgárszeg, which stated the neighbourhood had a population of 5,829, did include ''Bulgari'' ("Bulgarians") in the list along with ''Valachi'' ("
Romanians
The Romanians ( ro, români, ; dated exonym '' Vlachs'') are a Romance-speaking ethnic group. Sharing a common Romanian culture and ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2011 Roman ...
"), but noted no people of that ethnicity.Милетич, p. 19.
See also
* Șchei * Tocile ChurchGallery
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Scheii Brasovului Districts of Brașov Bulgarian communities in Romania