Şirvan, Azerbaijan
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Shirvan () is a
city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be de ...
in
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of th ...
, located on the Kura River. It was called ''Zubovka'' until 1938 and ''Alibayramli'' until 2008. From 1938 to 1954, Shirvan possessed the status of a village. It obtained the status of a city of Republican level on January 4, 1963. The territory of the Shirvan is 72.7 km2, and the population is 87,400 according to the 2020 census. Population density is 1226 persons per 1 km2. The city also includes the settlement of Hajigarahmanly and Bairamly. 98.5% of the population are Azerbaijani, while others - Russians, Ukrainians, Tatars, Turks, and other natives.


History

Shirvan originally was the name of Caucasian Zone (From north of Kura river of modern Azerbaijan areas) from 809 A.D till nowadays. But the city Shirvan originated in the 19th century as the Russian resettlement village Zubovka, named in honor of Valerian Zubov, while it was known locally as Qarachukhar. Throughout history, Şirvan changed its name a few times. In 1796, a special military squad led by General
Zubov The Zubovs (russian: Зу́бов) were a Russian noble family, rose to occupy some of the highest offices of state in the 1790s, when Platon Zubov became the last favourite of Empress Catherine the Great (). The Zubovs were first noticed i ...
entered Azerbaijan. Yekaterina showed great interest in this march. 30 thousand troops were given to General Zubov's army. The rally began in St. Petersburg in the church, and the priests blessed the supreme commander and the Russian-Cossack forces. General
Zubov The Zubovs (russian: Зу́бов) were a Russian noble family, rose to occupy some of the highest offices of state in the 1790s, when Platon Zubov became the last favourite of Empress Catherine the Great (). The Zubovs were first noticed i ...
, who successfully progressed in
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of th ...
, named the village Yekaterinaserd. Two thousand Russian Kazaks were transferred here as the first event. They were equipped with military and agricultural tools. They would plant or harvest crops and caterpillars, and they would use the weapon as they wanted. The city was called ''Zubovka'' prior to 1938, then was renamed ''Ali Bayramli'' in honor of Ali Bayramov from 1938 to 2008. The city was renamed to 'Şirvan' by the decision of the
Parliament of Azerbaijan The National Assembly ( az, Milli Məclis), also transliterated as Milli Mejlis, is the legislative branch of government in Azerbaijan. The unicameral National Assembly has 125 deputies: previously 100 members were elected for five-year terms ...
on April 25, 2008. 'Shirvan' appears to be derived from ''Shīr'' ( fa, , '
Lion The lion (''Panthera leo'') is a large Felidae, cat of the genus ''Panthera'' native to Africa and India. It has a muscular, broad-chested body; short, rounded head; round ears; and a hairy tuft at the end of its tail. It is sexually dimorphi ...
'). Throughout its history, Shirvan has suffered from floods because of its proximity to the river and the relatively low elevation of most of the town.


Economy

Timurid mausoleum of Shirvan The city is the oil center of the Shirvan region, which at one time gave a significant part of the liquid fuel produced onshore. Engineering enterprises, the light and food industry have been developed in the city. In addition, the railway junction passes through the city. Oil and gas production and the fuel and energy complex as a whole have been and remain the basis of the city's economy. As before, today about 90% of the gross output in the city falls to this industry.


Archeological excavations

The archaeological samples found in the vicinity of the town testify to the settlement of these lands in ancient times. On the territory on which Shirvan is located, once passed caravan routes. During archaeological excavations in 2 km from the city, in the lower part of Mishovdag, the remains of a 14th-century urban settlement were discovered. Found in the craft districts of this city, 12 pottery furnaces have been preserved in very good condition. Also here were found various objects of everyday life, and ornaments of folk crafts, carpet weaving, stone carvings and jewellery craft were preserved.


Geography

Shirvan is located on the left bank of the river Kura, on the Shirvan plain, on the transport junction. The largest in Europe Shirvan GRES is open in the city. The Shirvan Children's Music School has existed for more than 40 years. Situated in the east of the Kura lowland, on the left bank of the Kura, the young city of Shirvan was founded in 1954 in connection with the discovery of the Kurovdag oil field.


Climate

The summer months are typically dry and very hot due to Şirvan's semi-desert climate. The temperature can rise to 44 °C often resulting in moderate drought conditions. In contrast, winter is cool but not severe, rarely going below -6 °C.


Administrative divisions

The municipality of Shirvan consists of the city of Shirvan and the municipalities of Bayramly, Chilpagly and Haji Gahramanly. The mayor, presently
Mardan Jamalov Mardān ( Pashto and ; Urdu ; Pashto: ) is a city in the Mardan District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. Located in the Valley of Peshawar, Mardan is the second-largest city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (after Peshawar). It is a fast- ...
, embodies the executive power of the city.


Demographics

According to the
State Statistics Committee The State Statistics Committee of Azerbaijan Republic ( az, Azərbaycan Respublikası Dövlət Statistika Komitəsi) is a governmental agency within the Cabinet of Azerbaijan in charge of collection, processing and disseminating statistical data ...
, as of 2018, the population of city recorded 85,800 persons, which increased by 16,800 persons (about 24.3 percent) from 69,000 persons in 2000. 42,100 of total population are men, 43,700 are women. More than 27,3 percent of the population (about 23,500 persons) consists of young people and teenagers aged 14–29.


Population

*Population 85,800 *
Azerbaijanis Azerbaijanis (; az, Azərbaycanlılar, ), Azeris ( az, Azərilər, ), or Azerbaijani Turks ( az, Azərbaycan Türkləri, ) are a Turkic peoples, Turkic people living mainly in Azerbaijan (Iran), northwestern Iran and the Azerbaijan, Republi ...
68.652 (99.7%) *
Meskhetian Turks Meskhetian Turks, also referred to as Turkish Meskhetians, Ahiska Turks, and Turkish Ahiskans, ( ka, მესხეთის თურქები ''Meskhetis turk'ebi'') are an ethnic subgroup of Turks formerly inhabiting the Meskheti regi ...
207 (0.3%)


Notable residents

The city's residents include: historian
Farida Mammadova Farida Jafar gizi Mammadova ( az, Fəridə Cəfər qızı Məmmədova; 8 August 1936 – 8 December 2021) was an Azerbaijani historian who specialized in the history of ancient Caucasian Albania. She was a lecturer at the Western Caspian Univers ...
, footballer Samadagha Shikhlarov and dancer
Oksana Rasulova Oksana Rasulova ( az, Oksana Rəsulova; born 19 December 1982) is an Azerbaijani dancer, choreographer and actress. She is an Indian classical dancer, including Bharatanatyam. Early life Rasulova was born in Shabran, Azerbaijani SSR. In her c ...
.


See also

*
Shirvan Shirvan (from fa, شروان, translit=Shirvān; az, Şirvan; Tat: ''Şirvan''), also spelled as Sharvān, Shirwan, Shervan, Sherwan and Šervān, is a historical Iranian region in the eastern Caucasus, known by this name in both pre-Islam ...
* Şirvan, Turkey *
Shirvan, Iran Shirvan ( fa, شيروان, also Romanized as Shīrvān) is a city and capital of Shirvan County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 162,790, in 70,878 families. Etymology The name of this city branches from ...
* Shirvan State Reserve *
Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan is administratively divided into 66 districts () and 11 cities () that are subordinate to the Republic. Out of these, 7 districts and 1 city is located within the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. The districts are further divided into mu ...


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Shirvan (City) Populated places in Azerbaijan Cities and towns built in the Soviet Union Districts of Azerbaijan