İske Qazan (literally: ''Old

Kazan Kazan; , IPA: Help:IPA/Tatar, ɑzanis the largest city and capital city, capital of Tatarstan, Russia. The city lies at the confluence of the Volga and the Kazanka (river), Kazanka Rivers, covering an area of , with a population of over 1. ...

'';

Cyrillic The Cyrillic script ( ) is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Ea ...

: Иске Казан), was a

Bolghar Bolghar (; Tatar language, Tatar: Болгар, بلغار, ''Bolğar''; Chuvash language, Chuvash: Аслă Пăлхар, ''Aslă Pălhar'') was intermittently the capital of Volga Bulgaria from the 10th to the 13th centuries, along with Bilär, ...

Tatar Tatar may refer to: Peoples * Tatars, an umbrella term for different Turkic ethnic groups bearing the name "Tatar" * Volga Tatars, a people from the Volga-Ural region of western Russia * Crimean Tatars, a people from the Crimea peninsula by the B ...

city in the 13-16th centuries, situated on the banks of the

Kazanka River The Kazanka (; ) is a river in the Russian Federation, a left tributary of the Volga. The Kazanka begins near the village of Bimeri in Arsk District and flows into the Kuybyshev Reservoir in Kazan, near the Kazan Kremlin. Other towns on the Kazan ...

in the '' Kazan artı'' or ''Zakazanye'' region, in what is today the

Russian Federation Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

republic A republic, based on the Latin phrase ''res publica'' ('public affair' or 'people's affair'), is a State (polity), state in which Power (social and political), political power rests with the public (people), typically through their Representat ...

Tatarstan Tatarstan, officially the Republic of Tatarstan, sometimes also called Tataria, is a Republics of Russia, republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is a part of the Volga Federal District; and its capital city, capital and largest city i ...

. In 18th century

Tatar literature Tatar literature () consists of literature in the Tatar language, a Turkic language spoken in the Republic of Tatarstan in Russia. Tatar literature is a part of Tatar society and has been part of Tatar history since the existence of a Tatar ...

, İske Kazan was said to have been founded by the brothers ''Altınbäk and ''Ğälimbäk during Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria. In the 13-14th centuries the city was one of the political and economic centres of ''Kazan artı''. After raids by Russian armies in 1376 and 1399, the city's importance declined. In 1535, the exiled king Canğäli khan lived in the city, where he probably died. In 1552 İske Kazan was ruined by Russian troops. Today the ''Urıs Urmatı'' and ''Qamay'' ruins are the ruins of İske Kazan.

References

* Khanate of Kazan Defunct towns in Russia Archaeological sites in Tatarstan Former populated places in Russia {{russia-hist-stub