Đồng Khánh (, vi-hantu, 同慶, lit. "collective celebration"; 19 February 1864 – 28 January 1889), born Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ (阮福膺祺) or Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Đường (阮福膺禟), also known as Chánh Mông (正蒙), was the ninth

emperor The word ''emperor'' (from , via ) can mean the male ruler of an empire. ''Empress'', the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), mother/grandmother (empress dowager/grand empress dowager), or a woman who rules ...

of the

Nguyễn dynasty The Nguyễn dynasty (, chữ Nôm: 茹阮, chữ Hán: 朝阮) was the last List of Vietnamese dynasties, Vietnamese dynasty, preceded by the Nguyễn lords and ruling unified Vietnam independently from 1802 until French protectorate in 1883 ...

Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...

. He reigned four years between 1885 and 1889. His royal temple name was Cảnh Tông (景宗).

Biography

Đồng Khánh was born on 19 February 1864 in the

Imperial City of Huế The Imperial City (; vi-hantu, 皇城) is a walled enclosure within the Fortifications of Vauban, Vauban style citadel (; vi-hantu, 京城) of the city of Huế, the former imperial capital of Vietnam during the Nguyễn dynasty. It contains th ...

. His childhood name was Chánh Mông because he was brought up in Chánh Mông palace. Đồng Khánh was the eldest son of Prince Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Cai, a son of emperor

Thiệu Trị Thiệu Trị (, vi-hantu, wikt:紹, 紹wikt:治, 治, lit. "inheritance of prosperity"; 6 June 1807 – 4 November 1847), personal name Nguyễn Phúc Miên Tông or Nguyễn Phúc Tuyền, was the third emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty. He was th ...

, and his concubine Bùi Thị Thanh. As his uncle, Emperor

Tự Đức Tự Đức (, vi-hantu, :wikt:嗣, 嗣:wikt:德, 德, , 22 September 1829 – 19 July 1883) (personal name: Nguyễn Phúc Hồng Nhậm, also Nguyễn Phúc Thì) was the fourth emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty of Vietnam, and the country's la ...

, had no children, Đồng Khánh was adopted and given the title Kiên Giang quận công (Duke of Kiên Giang).

Rule

After the French armies captured the city of

Huế Huế (formerly Thừa Thiên Huế province) is the southernmost coastal Municipalities of Vietnam, city in the North Central Coast region, the Central Vietnam, Central of Vietnam, approximately in the center of the country. It borders Quảng ...

and the Imperial city fell to the French, the court regents Nguyễn Văn Tường and Tôn Thất Thuyết took the young Emperor Hàm Nghi and escaped from the Purple Forbidden City of Huế, and took him to Tân Sở in the mountains as the figurehead of a revolutionary movement against the French. To take away the legitimacy of Hàm Nghi, general de Courcy and résident de Champeaux of

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

asked the empress dowager Nghi Thiên to enthrone Hàm Nghi's elder half brother prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ. On 19 September 1885 with the backing of the governor of Annam, Prince Nguyễn Phúc Ưng Kỷ was crowned as the ninth emperor of Đại Nam with the

era name A regnal year is a year of the reign of a sovereign, from the Latin meaning kingdom, rule. Regnal years considered the date as an ordinal, not a cardinal number. For example, a monarch could have a first year of rule, a second year of rule, a t ...

of Đồng Khánh. File:Kt-hue-7.jpg, Welcome ceremony of French diplomats by Emperor Đồng Khánh at Thái Hòa Điện (太和殿), 1886 Đồng Khánh was pro-French, which was noted in the diary of

Trần Trọng Kim Trần Trọng Kim (; chữ Hán: 陳仲金, Kanji pronunciation: ''Chin Jūkin''; ; 1883 – December 2, 1953; courtesy name Lệ Thần (, chữ Hán: 隸臣) was a Vietnamese scholar and politician who served as the Prime Minister of the sho ...

Death

On 28 January 1889, Đồng Khánh died aged 24 after reigning for three years. He was granted the posthumous name Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ Thuần Hoàng Đế (弘烈聰哲敏惠純皇帝), with the temple name Cảnh Tông (景宗). File:Mausoleum of Emperor Dong Khanh (Hue) - Lăng Đồng Khánh (2024 July) - img 20.jpg, Main gate to mausoleum of Đồng Khánh . File:Mausoleum of Emperor Dong Khanh (Hue) - Lăng Đồng Khánh (2024 July) - img 06.jpg, Main temple of mausoleum, Ngưng Hy Điện(凝禧殿) File:Tomb of DongKhanh4.JPG, Stele house in mausoleum of Đồng Khánh File:Tomb of DongKhanh6.JPG, Statues of mandarins and elephants In 1916, his son the Emperor Khải Định granted him the name Phối Thiên Minh Vận Hiếu Đức Nhân Vũ Vĩ Công Hoằng Liệt Thông Thiết Mẫn Huệ Thuần Hoàng Đế (配天明運孝德仁武偉功弘烈聰哲敏惠純皇帝). He was buried in Tư Lăng mausoleum (思陵), which is located at Dương Xuân Thượng village, Hương Thuỷ commune, Thừa Thiên Province.

Gallery

File:Dong Khanh.jpg, Posthumous portrait of Emperor Đồng Khánh. File:DongKhanh.jpg, Emperor Đồng Khánh on his throne. File:Hựu Thiên Thuần Hoàng Hậu.jpg, Empress consort Hựu Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh File:Phụ Thiên Thuần Hoàng hậu.jpg, Empress consort Phụ Thiên, wife of Đồng Khánh

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Dong Khanh Nguyen dynasty emperors 19th-century Vietnamese monarchs 1864 births 1889 deaths Vietnamese monarchs