Ông Trời (
Chữ Nôm: 翁𡗶; "Old Man Sky/Heaven" / "Grandfather Sky/Heaven") commonly referred to as Trời (𡗶; "Sky/Heaven"); Ông Thiên (翁天); also called Ngọc Hoàng Thượng Đế (
Chữ Hán
Chữ Hán (𡨸漢, literally "Chinese characters", ), Chữ Nho (𡨸儒, literally "Confucian characters", ) or Hán tự (漢字, ), is the Vietnamese term for Chinese characters, used to write Văn ngôn (which is a form of Classical Chinese ...
: 玉皇上帝; "Highest Deity the
Jade Emperor
The Jade Emperor or Yudi ( or , ') in Chinese culture, traditional religions and myth is one of the representations of the first god ( '). In Daoist theology he is the assistant of Yuanshi Tianzun, who is one of the Three Pure Ones, the three ...
"), referred to as Ngọc Hoàng (玉皇; "
Jade Emperor
The Jade Emperor or Yudi ( or , ') in Chinese culture, traditional religions and myth is one of the representations of the first god ( '). In Daoist theology he is the assistant of Yuanshi Tianzun, who is one of the Three Pure Ones, the three ...
"), or Thượng đế (
Chữ Hán
Chữ Hán (𡨸漢, literally "Chinese characters", ), Chữ Nho (𡨸儒, literally "Confucian characters", ) or Hán tự (漢字, ), is the Vietnamese term for Chinese characters, used to write Văn ngôn (which is a form of Classical Chinese ...
: 上帝; "
Highest Deity"), Ngọc Đế (玉帝), Ngọc Hoàng Đại Đế (玉皇大帝), Hạo Thiên Đế (昊天帝) is the king of the gods in
mythology and
Vietnamese folk religion. In the
Đạo Mẫu
Đạo Mẫu (, ) is the worship of mother goddesses which was established in Vietnam in the 16th century.
While scholars like Ngô Đức Thịnh propose that it represents a systematic worship of mother goddesses, Đạo Mẫu draws together f ...
, he is called the Vua Cha Ngọc Hoàng (𢂜吒玉皇; "Monarchial Father the Ngọc Hoàng). In
Vietnamese Buddhism, he is frequently identified with
Śakra.
Mythology
Ông Trời was originally the Vietnamese god, later influenced by
Taoism from China, this god was identified with the
Jade Emperor
The Jade Emperor or Yudi ( or , ') in Chinese culture, traditional religions and myth is one of the representations of the first god ( '). In Daoist theology he is the assistant of Yuanshi Tianzun, who is one of the Three Pure Ones, the three ...
(Ngọc Hoàng).
Origin
The origin of this god is not agreed, according to one of the most popular stories recounted that:
Some other versions say that
Thần Trụ Trời and Ông Trời are one.
Ngọc Hoàng Thượng Đế: Thần tích Vua cha Ngọc Hoàng - Tín ngưỡng Việt
Worship
He is worshiped all over Vietnam, there are many temples and shrines dedicated to him. In South and Central Vietnam, families often worship him at an outdoor altar called Bàn Thiên.
[Tục thờ Thông Thiên](_blank)
Báo Người Lao Động 02/08/2011
In popular culture
Television program
*
Gặp nhau cuối năm
An
interjection used in
Vietnamese "Trời ơi!" (''hey heavenly (lord)'') is often translated into
English as "''for goodness' sake!''" or "''dear God!''" or "''what the heck!''".
See also
*
Vietnamese folk religion
*
Vietnamese mythology
*
Đạo Mẫu
Đạo Mẫu (, ) is the worship of mother goddesses which was established in Vietnam in the 16th century.
While scholars like Ngô Đức Thịnh propose that it represents a systematic worship of mother goddesses, Đạo Mẫu draws together f ...
*
Yin and yang
Counterparts of Ông Trời in other cultures
*
Para Brahman, the
Hindu
Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism.Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
counterpart
*
Jade Emperor
The Jade Emperor or Yudi ( or , ') in Chinese culture, traditional religions and myth is one of the representations of the first god ( '). In Daoist theology he is the assistant of Yuanshi Tianzun, who is one of the Three Pure Ones, the three ...
, the
Chinese counterpart
*
Adi Buddha, the Esoteric
Buddhist counterpart
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Yuanshi Tianzun, the
Taoist counterpart
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Monad, the
Gnostic counterpart
*
Yahweh or
Jehovah
Jehovah () is a Latinization of the Hebrew , one vocalization of the Tetragrammaton (YHWH), the proper name of the God of Israel in the Hebrew Bible/ Old Testament. The Tetragrammaton is considered one of the seven names of God in Judais ...
(referred as
Allah
Allah (; ar, الله, translit=Allāh, ) is the common Arabic word for God. In the English language, the word generally refers to God in Islam. The word is thought to be derived by contraction from '' al- ilāh'', which means "the god", an ...
("the god") in
Arabic), the
Abrahamic counterpart
*
Amenominakanushi, the
Japanese counterpart
*
Haneullim, the
Korean counterpart
References
{{refbegin
Vietnamese deities
Vietnamese mythology