.kz is the
Internet
The Internet (or internet) is the Global network, global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a internetworking, network of networks ...
country code
A country code is a short alphanumeric identification code for countries and dependent areas. Its primary use is in data processing and communications. Several identification systems have been developed.
The term ''country code'' frequently re ...
top-level domain
A top-level domain (TLD) is one of the domain name, domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet after the root domain. The top-level domain names are installed in the DNS root zone, root zone of the nam ...
(
ccTLD
A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, sovereign state, or dependent territory identified with a country code. All ASCII ccTLD identifiers are two letters long, and all tw ...
) for
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country primarily in Central Asia, with a European Kazakhstan, small portion in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the Kazakhstan–Russia border, north and west, China to th ...
.
Registrations can be made directly at the second level or at the third level beneath categories which have specific restrictions, and are generally limited to Kazakhstan-related entities.
.kz
Second-level domains
* .com.kz – Commercial organizations; registered trademark protection.
* .edu.kz – Licensed educational organizations.
* .gov.kz – Governmental organizations.
* .mil.kz – Ministry of Defense.
* .net.kz – Licensed networks of data communications.
* .org.kz – Nonprofit organizations.
Enforcement of Internet resources on hardware and software complexes
In March 2018, new Rules went into effect and since at least 2021, these rules are being enforced. Especially Rule 16 subsection 6 is being enforced:
:''16. Use of a domain name in the space of the Kazakhstan segment of the Internet is suspended when:''
::/.../
::'' 6) placement of Internet resources on hardware and software complexes outside territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.''
::Footnote. Point 16 in the editorial office order of the Minister of Digital Development, Innovations and Aerospace Industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan of 28.09.2020 No. 354/HҚ (put into effect upon expiry of ten calendar days after the day of its first official publication).
Example:
DNS for domain www.EXAMPLE.kz cannot point to a web page being hosted in a member country of the
EU. In such a case, the registry for EXAMPLE.kz will be suspended a short period and then deleted.
Google
In June 2011,
Google
Google LLC (, ) is an American multinational corporation and technology company focusing on online advertising, search engine technology, cloud computing, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, consumer electronics, and artificial ...
redirected all traffic from
google.kz to google.com in response to a demand issued by the Kazakh Ministry of Communications and Information that requires all .kz domain names to operate on physical servers within the borders of Kazakhstan.
Changes to the open Internet in Kazakhstan
Official Google Blog, June 7, 2011 Senior Vice President
A vice president or vice-president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vice ...
Bill Coughran said "creating borders on the web raises important questions for us not only about network efficiency but also about user privacy and free expression." By hosting google.kz only on servers inside Kazakhstan, "we would be helping to create a fractured Internet."
During the first half of 2017, google.kz has returned to be generally available.
.қаз
A second country code top-level domain, .қаз ("qaz") for Kazakhstan is now active. It is used with web addresses using Cyrillic letters. It was launched in March 2012, when the first site, a test site (тест.қаз, "test.qaz"), was activated.
See also
* Communications in Kazakhstan
* Internet in Kazakhstan
The Internet in Kazakhstan (Country code top-level domain, ccTLD: .kz) is growing rapidly. Between 2001 and 2005, the number of Internet users increased from 200,000 to 1 million. By 2007, Kazakhstan reported Internet penetration levels of 8.5 per ...
* Media of Kazakhstan
* Proposed top-level domain
* .бг
* .рф
* .срб
* .укр
Notes
{{DEFAULTSORT:KZ
Country code top-level domains
Internet in Kazakhstan
sv:Toppdomän#K