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ꞔ
In typesetting, the hook or tail is a diacritic mark attached to letters in many alphabets. In shape it looks like a hook and it can be attached below as a descender, on top as an ascender (typography), ascender and sometimes to the side. The orientation of the hook can change its meaning: when it is below and curls to the left it can be interpreted as a palatal hook, and when it curls to the right is called hook tail or tail and can be interpreted as a retroflex consonant, retroflex hook. It should not be mistaken with the hook above, a diacritical mark used in Vietnamese, or the R-colored vowel, rhotic hook, used in the International Phonetic Alphabet. Letter Z with tophook — became letter , . Letter X with two high hooks — became letter . Letters with hook It could be argued that the hook was used to derive the letter J from the letter I, or the letter Eng (letter), Eng (ŋ) from the letter N. However, these letters are usually not identified as being formed with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palatal Hook
The palatal hook () is a type of hook diacritic formerly used in the International Phonetic Alphabet to represent palatalized consonants. It is a small, leftwards-facing hook joined to the bottom-right side of a letter, and is distinguished from various other hooks indicating retroflexion, etc. It was withdrawn by the IPA in 1989, in favour of a superscript j following the consonant (i.e., becomes ). The IPA recommended that esh () and ezh () not use the palatal hook, but instead get special curled symbols: and . However, versions with the hook have also been used and are supported by Unicode. Palatal hooks are also used in Lithuanian dialectology by the Lithuanian Phonetic Transcription System (or Lithuanian Phonetic Alphabet) and in the orthography of Nez Perce. Computer encoding Unicode includes both a combining character for the palatal hook, as well as several precomposed characters, including superscript letters with palatal hooks. While LATIN SMALL LETTER T WIT ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mojibake
Mojibake ( ja, 文字化け; , "character transformation") is the garbled text that is the result of text being decoded using an unintended character encoding. The result is a systematic replacement of symbols with completely unrelated ones, often from a different writing system. This display may include the generic replacement character ("�") in places where the binary representation is considered invalid. A replacement can also involve multiple consecutive symbols, as viewed in one encoding, when the same binary code constitutes one symbol in the other encoding. This is either because of differing constant length encoding (as in Asian 16-bit encodings vs European 8-bit encodings), or the use of variable length encodings (notably UTF-8 and UTF-16). Failed rendering of glyphs due to either missing fonts or missing glyphs in a font is a different issue that is not to be confused with mojibake. Symptoms of this failed rendering include blocks with the code point displayed in he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
