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Yobbo
Yob is slang in the United Kingdom for a loutish, uncultured person. In Australian slang, the word yobbo is more frequently used, with a similar although slightly less negative meaning. Etymology The word itself is a product of back slang, a process whereby new words are created by spelling or pronouncing existing words backwards. The word ''yob'' is thus derived from the word ''boy''. It only began to acquire a derogatory connotation in the 1930s. In popular culture Popular Redlands, California landmark The Tartan created a drink called The Yob which is essentially a Manhattan shot in a 40 oz King Cobra malt liquor served in a paper bag. Australian alternative rock group TISM (This Is Serious Mum) released two singles for their fourth studio album, '' www.tism.wanker.com'', which feature the term. The first single, "Yob", released in November 1997, details the "ingredients" which go into making up a yob. The second single, " Whatareya?", released in July 1998, makes fun of th ...
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Australian Slang
Australian English is a major variety of the English language spoken throughout Australia. Most of the vocabulary of Australian English is shared with British English, though there are notable differences. The vocabulary of Australia is drawn from many sources, including various dialects of British English as well as Gaelic languages, some Indigenous Australian languages, and Polynesian languages. One of the first dictionaries of Australian slang was Karl Lentzner's ''Dictionary of the Slang-English of Australia and of Some Mixed Languages'' in 1892. The first dictionary based on historical principles that covered Australian English was E. E. Morris's ''Austral English: A Dictionary of Australasian Words, Phrases and Usages'' (1898). In 1981, the more comprehensive ''Macquarie Dictionary of Australian English'' was published. Oxford University Press published the '' Australian Oxford Dictionary'' in 1999, in concert with the Australian National University. Oxford University Pr ...
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Bogan
Bogan ( ) is Australian and New Zealand slang to describe a person whose speech, clothing, behaviour, or attitudes are considered unrefined or unsophisticated. Depending on the context, the term can be used pejoratively or in a humorous, self-deprecating manner. The term "bogan" has also been associated with changing social attitudes towards class in Australia, and its use often reflects broader cultural stereotypes and divisions. Since the 1980s, the bogan has become a very well-recognised subculture, often as an example of bad taste. It has antecedents in the Australian larrikin and ocker, and various localised names exist that describe the same or very similar people to the bogan.Moore, BruceOf Boondies, Belgium Sausages and Boguns (archive oOzwords(Australian National University), November 1998. History The origin of the term ''bogan'' is unclear; both the ''Macquarie Dictionary'' and the ''Australian Oxford Dictionary'' cite the origin as unknown. Some Sydney residents' ...
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Redlands, California
Redlands ( ) is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the city had a population of 73,168, up from 68,747 at the 2010 United States Census, 2010 census. The city is located approximately northwest of Palm Springs, California, Palm Springs and east of Los Angeles. Redlands was founded in 1881 on land that encompassed native Serrano, Morongo and Cahuilla tribes. Redlands absorbed the communities of Terracina, Barton, Gladysta, and Lugonia along with portions of Mentone, California, Mentone, Crafton, California, Crafton and Bryn Mawr, California, Bryn Mawr when it incorporated in 1888. Redlands is home to the San Bernardino de Sena Estancia, Asistencia Mission founded in 1819 by early European settlers. By the early 20th century, it was a major focal point of California's citrus production, citrus industry and boosted the world's largest producer of naval oranges in the world. Throughout its past, Redlands has ...
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Feral (subculture)
The feral subculture is a counter-cultural social movement originating in the latter part of the 20th century, mainly centred in Australia. The movement reached its heyday in the mid 1990s, in parallel with other similar movements in Europe, North America, and elsewhere, such as gutter punks, crusties, and ”travellers”. In common with those movements, the feral phenomenon can be seen as part of the wider counterculture. In Australia, the ferals are often seen as an amalgam of the punk and hippie subcultures, with a radical environmental philosophy and many similarities to the gutter punk subculture. The movement, during the 1990s, was the subject of national attention,Murray ibid; and W Gibbs, "Feral Aussie families: they live in trees and eat wattle seeds", ''Woman’s Day'', 13 February 1995, pp 12-13. and as a phenomenon has been the subject of anthropological attention as a characteristically Australian "alternative lifestyle". ''Going Tribal'', a documentary by Light ...
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Pejorative Terms For People
A pejorative word, phrase, slur, or derogatory term is a word or grammatical form expressing a negative or disrespectful connotation, a low opinion, or a lack of respect toward someone or something. It is also used to express criticism, hostility, or disregard. Sometimes, a term is regarded as pejorative in some social or ethnic groups but not in others or may be originally pejorative but later adopt a non-pejorative sense (or vice versa) in some or all contexts. Etymology The word ''pejorative'' is derived from a Late Latin past participle stem of ', meaning "to make worse", from ' "worse". Pejoration and melioration In historical linguistics, the process of an inoffensive word becoming pejorative is a form of semantic drift known as pejoration. An example of pejoration is the shift in meaning of the word '' silly'' from meaning that a person was happy and fortunate to meaning that they are foolish and unsophisticated. The process of pejoration can repeat itself around a sin ...
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Yokel
Yokel is one of several derogatory terms referring to the stereotype of unsophisticated country people. The term is of uncertain etymology and is only attested from the early 19th century on. Yokels are depicted as straightforward, simple, naïve, and easily deceived, failing to see through false pretenses. They are also depicted as talking about bucolic topics such as cows, sheep, goats, wheat, alfalfa, fields, crops, and tractors to the exclusion of all else. Broadly, they are portrayed as unaware of or uninterested in the rest of the modern world as it remains outside their own surroundings. In the UK, yokels are traditionally depicted as wearing the old West Country/farmhand's dress of straw hat and white smock, chewing or sucking a piece of straw and carrying a pitchfork or rake, listening to " Scrumpy and Western" music. Yokels are portrayed as living in rural areas of Britain such as the West Country, East Anglia and the Yorkshire Dales. They speak with country di ...
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Tapori (word)
Tapori literally translates into vagabond or rowdy in Hindi. Street thugs in Mumbai were perhaps the most notable taporis. Their unique style of speaking Hindi was called tapori language. They also had a unique style of dressing, which they called as tapori style. Tapori culture though resented by many is widely imitated by many as humorous or comical. It has found acceptance in Bollywood films including " Rangeela", "Gol Mal", and " Chashme Buddoor".Mazumdar, R. 2007. ''Bombay Cinema: An Archive of the City''. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press Their style of speaking Hindustani is a mixture of many languages spoken by people in Mumbai. It has words adapted mainly from Marathi, and some from Konkani and Gujarati. Tapori is an original Marathi word meaning "blossomed", fully fertile or at its peak in growth, which during its evolution/progression (towards the dark side) in the Marathi language started as its application to someone with high youth elements or budding ho ...
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Pikey
Pikey (; also spelled pikie, pykie) is a derogatory slang term referring to Gypsy, Roma and Traveller people. It is used mainly in the United Kingdom and in Ireland to refer to people who belong to groups which had a traditional travelling lifestyle. Groups referred to with this term include Irish Travellers, English Gypsies, Welsh Kale, Scottish Lowland Travellers, Scottish Highland Travellers, and Funfair Travellers. These groups consider the term to be highly derogatory. It is used by extension as a classist insult against marginalised working class communities, similar to the term chav. Etymology The term "pikey" is possibly derived from "pike" which, c. 1520, meant "highway" and is related to the words ''turnpike'' (toll road) and ''pikeman'' (toll collector). In Robert Henryson's Fable Collection (late 15th century), in the fable of the Two Mice, the thieving mice are referred to on more than one occasion as "pykeris": ''And in the samin thay went, but mair a ...
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Ned (Scottish)
Ned directly translates to “Non Educated Delinquent” but can mean “Hooligan”.BBC News - Neds make it into the dictionary
, 9 June 2005, reporting definition in ''Collins English Dictionary''; retrieved 8 May 2006


Early use of term

The ''Oxford Living Dictionaries'' dates the term to the early 19th century. Examples are plentiful through the 20th century. Former Chief Constable of Glasgow Sir Percy Sillitoe noted use of the word by gangs and police in the 1930s. Leader columns of newspapers in the 1960s featured the term in relation to teenage gang violence.Stirling Observer counties edition, "Stop the Rise of the teen-ager" July 1960
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Millwall Brick
A ''Millwall brick'' or ''bat'' is an improvised weapon made of a manipulated newspaper, used as a small club. It was named after supporters of Millwall F.C., who have a reputation for football hooliganism. The Millwall brick was allegedly used as a stealth weapon at football matches in England during the 1960s and 1970s. The weapon's popularity appears to have been due to the wide availability of newspapers, the difficulty in restricting newspapers being brought into football grounds, and the ease of its construction. History In the late 1960s – in response to football hooliganism at matches in England – police began confiscating any objects that could be used as weapons. These items included steel combs, pens, beermats, horse brasses, Polo mints, shoelaces and boots. However, fans were still permitted to bring in newspapers. Larger broadsheet newspapers work best for a Millwall brick, and the police looked with suspicion at working class football fans who carried such ...
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Lad Culture
Lad culture (also the new lad, laddism) was a media-driven, principally British and Irish subculture of the 1990s and the early 2000s. The term ''lad culture'' continues to be used today to refer to collective, boorish or misogynistic behaviour by young heterosexual men, particularly university students. In the lad culture of the 1990s and 2000s, the image of the "lad"—or "new lad"—was that of a generally middle class figure espousing attitudes typically attributed to the working classes. The subculture involved heterosexual young men assuming an Anti-intellectualism, anti-intellectual position, shunning cultural pursuits and sensitivity in favour of Drinking culture, drinking, sport, sex and sexism. Lad culture was diverse and popular, involving literature, magazines, film, music and television, with ironic humour being a defining trope. Principally understood at the time as a male backlash against feminism and the pro-feminist New Man (gender stereotype), "new man", the discou ...
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Hooliganism
Hooliganism is disruptive or unlawful behavior such as rioting, bullying and vandalism, often in connection with crowds at sporting events. A hooligan is a person that engages in illicit reckless behaviors and is a public nuisance. Etymology There are several theories regarding the origin of the word ''hooliganism,'' which is a derivative of the word wiktionary:hooligan#Noun, hooligan. ''The Compact Oxford English Dictionary'' states that the word may have originated from the surname of a rowdy Irish people, Irish family in a music hall song of the 1890s. Clarence Rook, in his 1899 book ''Hooligan Nights'', wrote that the word came from Patrick Hoolihan (or Hooligan), an Irish Bouncer (doorman), bouncer and thief who lived in London. In 2015, the BBC Scotland TV programme ''The Secret Life of Midges'' noted that the English commander-in-chief during the Jacobite rising of 1745, General Wade, misheard the local Scots Gaelic word for midge—''meanbh-chuileag''—and coined the ...
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