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Wing-barred Piprites
The wing-barred piprites (''Piprites chloris'') is a species of bird in subfamily Pipritinae of family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in every mainland South American country except Chile and Uruguay. Taxonomy and systematics The wing-barred piprites shares genus ''Piprites'' with the grey-headed piprites (''P. griseiceps'') and the black-capped piprites (''P. pileata''). The grey-headed and wing-barred piprites form a superspecies. The wing-barred piprites has these seven subspecies: *''P. c. antioquiae'' Chapman, 1924 *''P. c. perijana'' Phelps, WH & Phelps, WH Jr, 1949 *''P. c. tschudii'' (Cabanis, 1874) *''P. c. chlorion'' (Cabanis, 1847) *''P. c. grisescens'' Novaes, 1964 *''P. c. boliviana'' Chapman, 1924 *''P. c. chloris'' (Temminck, 1822) Description The wing-barred piprites is long and weighs . The sexes have the same plumage. Adults of the nominate subspecies ''P. c. chloris'' have a golden forehead, an olive-green crown, and a slightly gray ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iporanga
Iporanga is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 4,199 (2020 est.) in an area of 1152 km2. The elevation is 81 m. Iporanga contains parts of the Alto Ribeira and Baixo Ribeira sub-basins of the Ribeira de Iguape River basin. The municipality contains part of the Serra do Mar Environmental Protection Area, created in 1984. It contains part of the Intervales State Park, created in 1995. It contains part of the Caverna do Diabo State Park, created in 2008. It contains 55% of the Quilombos do Médio Ribeira Environmental Protection Area, established in 2008. Media In telecommunications, the city was served by Companhia de Telecomunicações do Estado de São Paulo until 1975, when it began to be served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Disjunct Distribution
In biology, a taxon with a disjunct distribution is one that has two or more groups that are related but considerably separated from each other geographically. The causes are varied and might demonstrate either the expansion or contraction of a species' range. Range fragmentation Also called range fragmentation, disjunct distributions may be caused by changes in the environment, such as mountain building and continental drift or rising sea levels; it may also be due to an organism expanding its range into new areas, by such means as rafting, or other animals transporting an organism to a new location (plant seeds consumed by birds and animals can be moved to new locations during bird or animal migrations, and those seeds can be deposited in new locations in fecal matter). Other conditions that can produce disjunct distributions include: flooding, or changes in wind, stream, and current flows, plus others such as anthropogenic introduction of alien introduced species either accid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pará
Pará () is a Federative units of Brazil, state of Brazil, located in northern Brazil and traversed by the lower Amazon River. It borders the Brazilian states of Amapá, Maranhão, Tocantins (state), Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Amazonas (Brazilian state), Amazonas and Roraima. To the northwest are the borders of Guyana and Suriname, to the northeast of Pará is the Atlantic Ocean. The capital and largest city is Belém, which is located at the Marajó bay, near the estuary of the Amazon river. The state, which is home to 4.1% of the Brazilian population, is responsible for just 2.2% of the Brazilian GDP. Pará is the most populous state of the North Region, Brazil, North Region, with a population of over 8.6 million, being the ninth-most populous state in Brazil. It is the second-largest state of Brazil in area, at , second only to Amazonas (Brazilian state), Amazonas upriver. Its most famous icons are the Amazon River and the Amazon rainforest. Pará produces Natural rubber, rubber ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madeira River
The Madeira River ( ) is a major waterway in South America. It is estimated to be in length, while the Madeira-Mamoré is estimated near or in length depending on the measuring party and their methods. The Madeira is the biggest tributary of the Amazon, accounting for about 15% of the water in the basin. A map from Emanuel Bowen in 1747, held by the David Rumsey Map Collection, refers to the Madeira by the pre-colonial, indigenous name Cuyari. The River of Cuyari, called by the Portuguese Madeira or the Wood River, is formed by two great rivers, which join near its mouth. It was by this River, that the Nation of Topinambes passed into the River Amazon. Climate The mean inter-annual precipitations on the great basins vary from , the entire upper Madeira basin receiving . The greatest extremes of rainfall are between . Even just below the confluence that forms it, the Madeira is one of the largest rivers by discharge of the world, with a mean inter-annual discharge of , i.e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolívar (state)
Bolívar (, ) is one of the 23 States of Venezuela, states of Venezuela. The state capital city is Ciudad Bolívar and the largest city is Ciudad Guayana. Bolívar State covers a total surface area of and as of the 2011 census, had a population of 1,410,964. The state contains Angel Falls. History Spanish Colonization During the time of the Spanish Empire, it was part of the New Andalusia Province, province of Nueva Andalucía and later it was annexed to the Guayana Province, province of Guayana from 1777 when King Charles III of Spain, Charles III created the Captaincy General of Venezuela. The capital of the state, Ciudad Bolivar was founded on December 21, 1595 by Antonio de Berrío, who had come from Nueva Granada (present-day Colombia) with the mission of populating Guyana. The town, originally called Santo Tomás de Guayana, was a fortified port that had to move three times, since it was the target of constant assaults by Caribbean Indians and European corsairs, among ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venezuelan Coastal Range
The Venezuelan Coastal Range ( or ), also known as Venezuelan Caribbean Mountain System (), is a mountain range system and one of the eight natural regions of Venezuela, that runs along the central and eastern portions of Venezuela's northern coast. The range is a northeastern extension of the Andes, and is also known as the Maritime Andes. It covers around 48,866 km2, being the 4th largest natural region in Venezuela. Geography The Coastal Range consists of two parallel ranges, which run east and west along the coast of the Caribbean Sea. The Cojedes River separates the western end of the Coastal Range from the Cordillera de Mérida to the southeast. The range is divided into eastern and western sections by the wide bay between Cape Codera and Cumaná. Serranía del Litoral—Serranía del Interior In the eastern section of the range, the parallel ranges are known as the Serranía del Litoral, which runs along the Caribbean coast, and the Serranía del Interior to the south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Department Of Junín
Junín () is a Departments of Peru, department and Political division of Peru, region in the central highland (geography), highlands and westernmost Peruvian Amazon. Its capital is Huancayo. Geography The region has a very heterogeneous topography. The western cordillera, range located near the border with the Lima Region, has snowy and ice-covered peaks. On the east, there are high glacier valleys which end up in high plateaus (''Altiplano''). Among them is the Junín Plateau that is located between the cities of La Oroya and Cerro de Pasco. The Mantaro Valley becomes wider before Jauja up to the limit with the Huancavelica Region. This area concentrates a large share of the region's population. Towards the east, near the jungle, there is an abundance of narrow and deep canyons, with highly inclined hillsides, covered by woods under low-lying clouds. The Waytapallana mountain range is located in the south central area of the region. This range holds a great fault which is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juruá River
The Juruá River ( ; ) is a southern affluent river of the Amazon River west of the Purus River. The Juruá emerges from highlands in east-central Peru, then winds its way through lowlands in Brazil, sharing with this the bottom of the immense inland Amazon depression; and having all the characteristics of the Purus as regards curvature, sluggishness and general features of the low, half-flooded forest country it traverses. For most of its length, the river flows through the Purus várzea ecoregion. This is surrounded by the Juruá-Purus moist forests ecoregion. The Juruá rises among the Ucayali highlands, and is navigable and unobstructed for a distance of above its junction with the Amazon. It has a total length of approximately , and is one of the longest tributaries of the Amazon. The Médio Juruá Extractive Reserve, created in 1997, is on the left bank of the river as it meanders in a generally northeast direction through the municipality of Carauari. The lower Jur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rio Negro (Amazon)
The Rio Negro ( "''Black River''"), or Guainía as it is known in its upper part, is the largest left tributary of the Amazon River (accounting for about 14% of the water in the Amazon basin), the largest blackwater river in the world, and one of the world's ten List of rivers by discharge, largest rivers by average discharge. Despite its high flow, the Rio Negro has a low Stream load, sediment load (5.76 million tonnes per year on average in Manaus). Geography Upper course The source of the Rio Negro lies in Colombia, in the Department of Guainía where the river is known as the ''Guainía River''. The young river generally flows in an east-northeasterly direction through the Puinawai Natural Reserve, Puinawai National Reserve, passing several small indigenous settlements on its way, such as Cuarinuma, Brujas, Santa Rosa and Tabaquén. After roughly the river starts forming the border between Colombia's Department of Guainía and Venezuela's Amazonas (Venezuelan state), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amazonas (Venezuelan State)
Amazonas State (, ) is one of States of Venezuela, the 23 states into which Venezuela is divided. It covers nearly a fifth of the area of Venezuela, but has less than 1% of Venezuela's population. The state capital is Puerto Ayacucho. The capital until the early 1900s was San Fernando de Atabapo. Although named after the Amazon River, most of the state is drained by the Orinoco River. Amazonas State covers 176,899 km2 and, in 2007, had a population of 142,200. Its density is 0.8 inhabitants per km2. Amazonas has Venezuela's highest proportion of Indigenous peoples in Venezuela, indigenous peoples of Venezuela; these make up only around 1.5% of the population nationwide, but the proportion is nearly 50% in Amazonas. Etymology ''Amazonas'' is from ''Amazons'', a word of Greek language, Greek origin that was identified with a race of female warriors who lived in the Sarmatians, Asian Sarmacia, beyond the Caucasus. The name was assigned to the state on June 2, 1856, in honor o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guainía Department
Guainía (; Yuri language: "Land of many waters") is a department of Eastern Colombia. It is in the east of the country, bordering Venezuela and Brazil. Its capital is Inírida. In 1963 Guainía was split off from Vaupés department. The northern part and the Inírida River are included in the Orinoco basin; the rest is part of the Amazon basin. The Guaviare River is the main area of colonization; many ''colonos'' come from the Colombian Andean zone, most of them from Boyacá. They are followed by the ''llaneros'', people from the Eastern plains (Llanos). The population is mainly composed of Amerindians, and the largest ethnic groups are the '' Puinaves'' (from the ''makú-puinave'' family) and the '' curripacos'' (from the ''Arawak'' family). There are a total of 24 ethnic groups in the department; many of them speak four Indigenous languages besides Spanish and Portuguese. Municipalities There are two municipalities in Guainía: Inírida, its capital, and Barranco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Táchira
Táchira State (, ) is one of the 23 States of Venezuela, states of Venezuela. The state capital is San Cristóbal, Táchira, San Cristóbal. Táchira State covers a total surface area of and as of the 2011 census, had a population of 1,168,908. At the end of the 19th century, Táchira State was where oil was discovered in Venezuela. Currently, its main economic revenues come from the production of coffee and pineapple. The cattle and agricultural activities play an important role in Táchira's economy. There is also a strong Industry (manufacturing), industrial sector which focuses on the processing of potato, sugar, milk, and cheese and the production of textiles. Táchira State is one of the three Venezuelan Andes, Venezuelan Andean states (the other two are Mérida (state), Mérida and Trujillo (state), Trujillo). This state borders Zulia State to the north, Barinas (state), Barinas and Mérida States to the east, Apure (state), Apure and Barinas States to the south, and C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
