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Wine Cellars
A wine cellar is a storage room for wine in bottles or barrels, or more rarely in carboys, amphorae, or plastic containers. In an ''active'' wine cellar, important factors such as temperature and humidity are maintained by a climate control system. In contrast, ''passive'' wine cellars are not climate-controlled, and are usually built underground to reduce temperature swings. An aboveground wine cellar is often called a wine room, while a small wine cellar (fewer than 500 bottles) is sometimes termed a wine closet. The household department responsible for the storage, care and service of wine in a great mediaeval house was termed the buttery. Large wine cellars date back over 3,700 years. Purpose Wine cellars protect alcoholic beverages from potentially harmful external influences, providing darkness, constant temperature, and constant humidity. Wine is a natural, perishable food product issued from fermentation of fruit. Left exposed to heat, light, vibration or fluctuations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wine Cellar
A wine cellar is a storage room for wine in bottles or barrels, or more rarely in carboys, amphorae, or plastic containers. In an ''active'' wine cellar, important factors such as temperature and humidity are maintained by a climate control system. In contrast, ''passive'' wine cellars are not climate-controlled, and are usually built underground to reduce temperature swings. An aboveground wine cellar is often called a wine room, while a small wine cellar (fewer than 500 bottles) is sometimes termed a wine closet. The household department responsible for the storage, care and service of wine in a great mediaeval house was termed the buttery. Large wine cellars date back over 3,700 years. Purpose Wine cellars protect alcoholic beverages from potentially harmful external influences, providing darkness, constant temperature, and constant humidity. Wine is a natural, perishable food product issued from fermentation of fruit. Left exposed to heat, light, vibration or fluctuati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Power Outage
A power outage, also called a blackout, a power failure, a power blackout, a power loss, a power cut, or a power out is the complete loss of the electrical power network supply to an end user. There are many causes of power failures in an electricity network. Examples of these causes include faults at power stations, damage to Electric power transmission, electric transmission lines, Electrical substation, substations or other parts of the electricity distribution, distribution system, a short circuit, Cascading failure#Cascading failure in power transmission, cascading failure, fuse (electrical), fuse or circuit breaker operation. Power failures are particularly critical at sites where the environment and public safety are at risk. Institutions such as hospitals, Sewage Treatment, sewage treatment plants, and mining, mines will usually have backup power sources such as emergency power system, standby generators, which will automatically start up when electrical power is lost ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Port Wine
Port wine (, ; ), or simply port, is a Portuguese wine, Portuguese fortified wine produced in the Douro, Douro Valley of Norte, Portugal, northern Portugal. It is typically a sweetness of wine, sweet red wine, often served with dessert wine, dessert, although it also comes in dry, semi-dry, and white varieties. Other port-style fortified wines are produced outside Portugalin Argentina, Australia, Canada, France, India, Italy, South Africa, Spain, and the United Statesbut under the European Union Protected Designation of Origin guidelines, only wines from Portugal are allowed to be labelled "port". Region and production Port is produced from grapes grown and processed in the demarcated Douro region. The wine produced is then fortified by the Mutage, addition of a neutral grape spirit known as aguardente#Portugal, aguardente to stop the Fermentation (wine), fermentation, leaving residual sugar in the wine, and to boost the Alcohol (drug), alcohol content. The fortification sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wine Tasting
Wine tasting is the sensory examination and evaluation of wine. While the practice of wine tasting is as ancient as its production, a more formalized methodology has slowly become established from the 14th century onward. Modern, professional wine tasters (such as sommeliers or buyers for retailers) use a constantly evolving specialized terminology which is used to describe the range of perceived flavors, aromas and general characteristics of a wine. More informal, recreational tasting may use similar terminology, usually involving a much less analytical process for a more general, personal appreciation. Results that have surfaced through scientific blind wine tasting suggest the unreliability of wine tasting in both experts and consumers, such as inconsistency in identifying wines based on region and price. History The Sumerian stories of Gilgamesh in the 3rd millennium BCE differentiate the popular beers of Mesopotamia, as well as wines from Zagros Mountains or Lebanon. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schramsberg Vineyards
Schramsberg Vineyards is a winery located in Calistoga, California in the Napa Valley region. The vineyard, which was founded in 1862 by the German immigrant Jacob Schram, produces a series of sparkling wines using the same method as champagne. Schramsberg is considered one of the premium brands in the production of sparkling wine in California and the first U.S. wine to "match the style and quality of the best French Champagnes". After nearly 50 years of inactivity, Schramsberg was acquired by Jack and Jamie Davies in 1965 who began producing champagne method wine. Today, Schramsberg is managed by Hugh Davies, the youngest son of Jack and Jamie Davies. History Early history (1862–1905) In 1862, Jacob Schram purchased what would later become Schramsberg in the hills of Napa Valley with the intention of producing wine. Although Schram was born into a winemaking family, he made his living as a barber. Schram was one of a small group of early winemakers to arrive in Napa in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mileștii Mici
Mileștii Mici is a commune in Ialoveni District, Moldova, composed of two villages, Mileștii Mici and Piatra Albă. It has a population of over 4,500 and is from Chişinău. For much of its history, the locals have extracted white stone from underneath the village. Several hundred kilometers of the underground extraction site exist today. Some of the shafts are used as cellars for storing Milestii Mici (winery), Mileştii Mici wines. History Mileștii Mici is an ancient Moldovan village, having been mentioned in ancient books and chronicles. Archeological research has found settlement remains from many different epochs and cultures, beginning in the tenth to eleventh millennium BC. In 1970, Emmanuel Brihuneț, the priest of "Saint Nikolai" church in Mileștii Mici, discovered some references about the village in old manuscripts, dating from 30 March 1528. In these early modern chronicles it is mentioned that King Petru Rares gave his grandson, Lashko-Voda from Isnovet, three ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jesus College, Oxford
Jesus College (in full: Jesus College in the University of Oxford of Queen Elizabeth's Foundation) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. It is in the centre of the city, on a site between Turl Street, Ship Street, Cornmarket Street and Market Street. The college was founded by Queen Elizabeth I of England on 27 June 1571. A major driving force behind the establishment of the college was Hugh Price (or Ap Rhys), a churchman from Brecon in Wales. The oldest buildings, in the first quadrangle, date from the 16th and early 17th centuries; a second quadrangle was added between about 1640 and about 1713, and a third quadrangle was built in about 1906. Further accommodation was built on the main site to mark the 400th anniversary of the college, in 1971, and student flats have been constructed at sites in north and east Oxford. A fourth quadrangle was completed in 2021. There are about 475 students at any one time; the Principal of the college ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sonoma, California
Sonoma () is a city in Sonoma County, California, United States, located in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. Sonoma is one of the principal cities of California's Wine Country and the center of the Sonoma Valley AVA. Sonoma's population was 10,739 as of the 2020 census,''Population.'' In: ''QuickFacts: Sonoma city, California.'' Census, April 1, 2020. Census.gov. Retrieved March 18, 2022. while the Sonoma urban area had a population of 31,479. Sonoma is a popular tourist destination, owing to its Californian wineries, noted events like the |
Alexis Lichine
Alexis Lichine (December 3, 1913 – June 1, 1989) was a Russian wine writer and entrepreneur. He played a key role in promoting varietal labelling of wine, was a masterful salesman of wine, had interests in two Bordeaux wineries, owning Château Prieuré-Lichine in Margaux and a share of Château Lascombes in the Médoc. He was married to actress Arlene Dahl from 1964 to 1969. Early life Lichine was born in Moscow in 1913. His family fled to France during the Russian Revolution of 1917, going on to the United States in 1919. He studied economics at the University of Pennsylvania but dropped out because he felt he wasn't learning anything. In 1932 Lichine moved back to Paris and accepted a sales position with ''The New York Herald Tribune''. In 1933 he continued in sales for ''The New York Herald Tribune'' in Algiers, and in 1934 moved back to New York as Prohibition ended. Career Lechine attempted to start his own import wine company but failed, and in 1935 worked for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Wine Spectator
''Wine Spectator'' is an American lifestyle magazine that focuses on wine, wine culture and wine ratings. It is the flagship publication of M. Shanken Communications, which also publishes '' Cigar Aficionado'', '' Whisky Advocate'', ''Market Watch'', ''Shanken News Daily'' and ''Shanken’s Impact Newsletter''. ''Wine Spectator'' editors review more than 15,000 wines each year in blind tastings. Wines are reviewed on a 100-point scale. Every issue contains 400 to 1,000 wine reviews with detailed tasting notes and drink recommendations Each year since 1988, the publication has released its ''Top 100'' list, where editors select the most exciting wines from the thousands reviewed during the course of the year. The ''Top 100'' includes the coveted ''Wine of the Year'' honor. Jeffery Lindenmuth is executive editor. As of 2023, senior editors include Bruce Sanderson, James Molesworth, Alison Napjus, MaryAnn Worobiec, Tim Fish, Kristen Bieler and Aaron Romano. Past wine tasters incl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wine Closure
Closure is a term used in the wine industry to refer to a stopper, an object used to seal a bottle and avoid harmful contact between the wine and oxygen.winepros.com.au. They include: * Traditional natural cork closures (' corks') * Alternative wine closures, such as screw caps, synthetic closures and glass closures. * Historical applications no longer in use, such as wooden stoppers with cloth or wax The choice of closure depends on issues such as the risk of cork taint, oxygen permeability and the desired life of the wine. Another factor is consumer reaction, with the wine-buying public in Australia and New Zealand being positive towards alternative closures, while opinion is divided among consumers in the United States. In Europe, perceptions that associate screw caps with low-quality wine may be declining. Synthetic wine bottle closures may allow for a controlled oxygen transfer rate.Impact of post-bottling oxygen exposure on the sensory characteristics and phenolic co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Relative Humidity
Humidity is the concentration of water vapor present in the air. Water vapor, the gaseous state of water, is generally invisible to the human eye. Humidity indicates the likelihood for precipitation (meteorology), precipitation, dew, or fog to be present. Humidity depends on the temperature and pressure of the system of interest. The same amount of water vapor results in higher relative humidity in cool air than warm air. A related parameter is the dew point. The amount of water vapor needed to achieve saturation increases as the temperature increases. As the temperature of a parcel of air decreases it will eventually reach the saturation point without adding or losing water mass. The amount of water vapor contained within a parcel of air can vary significantly. For example, a parcel of air near saturation may contain 8 g of water per cubic metre of air at , and 28 g of water per cubic metre of air at Three primary measurements of humidity are widely employed: abso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
