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White Woman Of Gippsland
The white woman of Gippsland, or the captive woman of Gippsland, was supposedly a European woman rumoured to have been held against her will by Aboriginal Gunaikurnai people in the Gippsland region of Australia in the 1840s. Her supposed plight excited searches and much speculation at the time, though nothing to put her existence beyond the level of rumour was ever found. The source of the white woman rumour was a letter written by Angus McMillan, which was published in the ''Sydney Morning Herald'' on 28 December 1840. The letter described the scene of an Aboriginal camp near Port Albert, where the Aboriginal people had hurriedly vacated on his group's approach. The group had found European items, including female attire. He reported that there was blood on clothing and that it was supposedly 'human blood'. He reported that they found a dead two-year-old European child. He also wrote that he later recollected that there was a white European woman among the Aboriginal people, who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gunaikurnai
The Kurnai () people Aboriginal Australian nation of south-east Australia. They are the Traditional owners, Traditional Custodians of most of present-day Gippsland and much of the southern slopes of the Victorian Alps. The Kurnai nation is composed of five major clans. During the 19th century, many Kurnai people resisted the incursions by early European squatting (Australian history), squatters and subsequent settlers, resulting in a number of deadly confrontations, and massacres of the indigenous inhabitants. There are about 3,000 Kurnai people today, predominantly living in Gippsland. The Kurnai language, Kurnai dialects are the traditional language of the Kurnai people, although there are very few fluent speakers now. Creation story It is told that the first Kurnai came down from the north west mountains, with his canoe on his head. He was known as Borun, the pelican. He crossed the Tribal River (where Sale, Victoria, Sale now stands) and walked on into the west to Tarra Wara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Record Office Victoria
Public Record Office Victoria (PROV) is the government archives of the Australian State of Victoria. PROV was created by the Victorian Public Records Act 1973 with responsibility for the better preservation management and utilisation of the public records of the State. It is an agency of the Department of Government Services. History Prior to 1903 there was no formal attempt to deposit Victorian government records with an archival authority. In that year ten volumes of Convict Indents were transferred to the Public Library (later the State Library of Victoria) by the Secretary of the Law Department. In 1928 following a board of Inquiry into 'Methods in the Public Service,' a circular was issued conveying the Premier's Instruction that no documents were to be destroyed without reference to the Public Library Trustees. The first archivist was appointed to the staff of the Public Library in 1948. In 1955 a Senior Archivist was appointed and a separate Archives Section was establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Victoria (state)
The history of Victoria refers to the history of the Australian state of Victoria and the area's preceding Indigenous and British colonial societies. Before British colonisation of Australia, many Aboriginal peoples lived in the area now known as Victoria. After the first Europeans settled there in October 1803, in September 1836 the area became part of the colony of New South Wales, known as the District of Port Phillip. In July 1851, the District of Port Phillip was established as its own colony, becoming the Colony of Victoria, with its own government within the British Empire. During the 1850s, gold was discovered in Clunes and Buninyong in Ballarat in 1851, which was the start of the Victorian Gold Rush. In 1901 it became a state of the Commonwealth of Australia. Aboriginal history The state of Victoria was originally home to many Aboriginal nations that had occupied the land for tens of thousands of years. According to Gary Presland, Aboriginal people hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Indigenous Australians
The history of Indigenous Australians began 50,000 to 65,000 years ago when humans first populated the Australia (continent), Australian continent. This article covers the history of Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islander peoples, two broadly defined groups which each include other sub-groups defined by language and culture. Human habitation of the Australian continent began with the migration of the ancestors of today's Aboriginal Australians by land bridges and short sea crossings from what is now Southeast Asia. The Aboriginal people spread throughout the continent, adapting to diverse environments and Climate variability and change, climate change to develop one of the oldest continuous cultures on Earth. At the time of first European contact, estimates of the Aboriginal population range from 300,000 to one million. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gippsland (region)
Gippsland () is a rural region in the southeastern part of Victoria, Australia, mostly comprising the coastal plains south of the Victorian Alps (the southernmost section of the Great Dividing Range). It covers an elongated area of east of the Shire of Cardinia (Melbourne's outermost southeastern suburbs) between Dandenong Ranges and Mornington Peninsula, and is bounded to the north by the mountain ranges and plateaus/highlands of the High Country (which separate it from Hume region in Victoria's northeast), to the southwest by the Western Port Bay, to the south and east by the Bass Strait and the Tasman Sea, and to the east and northeast by the Black–Allan Line (the easternmost section of the Victoria/New South Wales state border). Gippsland is divided by the Strzelecki Ranges and tributaries of the Gippsland Lakes into West Gippsland, South Gippsland, Latrobe Valley, Central Gippsland and East Gippsland. At the 2016 Australian census, Gippsland had a populati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Missing White Woman Syndrome
Missing white woman syndrome is a term used by some social scientists and media commentators to denote perceived disproportionate media coverage, especially on television, of missing-person cases toward white females as compared to males, or females of color. Supporters of the phenomenon posit that it encompasses supposed disproportionate media attention to females who are young, attractive, white, and upper middle class. Although the term was coined in the context of missing-person cases, it is sometimes used of coverage of other violent crimes. The phenomenon has been highlighted in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and other predominantly white countries, as well as South Africa. Despite the popularity of the term "missing white woman syndrome", there have been few empirical studies examining the subject. According to a single 2019 study, gender was a significant factor in media coverage of missing person cases. The study found that femal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gippsland Massacres
The Gippsland massacres were a series of mass murders of Gunai Kurnai people, an Aboriginal Australian people living in East Gippsland, Victoria, committed by European settlers and the Aboriginal Police during the Australian frontier wars. History The perpetrators often did not record or speak about their actions for fear of prosecution and the death penalty under colonial law, as happened after the Myall Creek massacre. The names of many of the perpetrators remain on the rivers, roads and islands of Gippsland. Scots pastoralist Angus McMillan played a significant role in the massacres of Gippsland in retribution for the murder of a fellow pastoralist by the Gurnai Kurnai people. Gippsland squatter Henry Meyrick wrote in a letter home to his relatives in England in 1846: ::The blacks are very quiet here now, poor wretches. No wild beast of the forest was ever hunted down with such unsparing perseverance as they are. Men, women and children are shot whenever they can b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eliza Fraser
Eliza Anne Fraser (née Slack; – 1858) was an English woman known for being shipwrecked at K'gari, an island off the coast of Queensland, Australia, on 22 May 1836. After being rescued from the island, she spoke and wrote of her experiences, including claims of being captured and enslaved by "Indians", native Butchulla, Butchalla people. The island was renamed 'Fraser Island', in honour of her deceased husband Captain James Fraser. It was renamed to its traditional name of K'gari in June 2023. Life She was the wife of Captain James Fraser, master of the brig ''Stirling Castle (1829 brig), Stirling Castle''. There were 18 people aboard the ship and a cargo mainly of spirits, which may have been involved in the accident. They struck a reef hundreds of kilometres north of K'gari Island. They then launched a longboat and a pinnace (ship's boat), pinnace, the latter of which landed on the northern side of Waddy Point on K'gari Island. The 11 survivors split up into two groups, Eli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Figurehead (object)
A figurehead is a carved wooden decoration found at the Bow (ship), bow of ships, generally of a design related to the name or role of a ship. They were predominant between the sixteenth and twentieth centuries, and modern ships' badges fulfil a similar role. History Early ships often had some form of bow ornamentation (e.g. the eyes painted on the bows of Ancient Greece, Greek and Phoenician galleys, the Roman practice of putting carvings of Religion in ancient Rome, their deities on the bows of their galleys, and the Viking ships of ca. A.D. 800–1100). The menacing appearance of toothy and bug-eyed figureheads on Viking ships were considered a form of apotropaic magic, serving the function of warding off demon, evil spirits. The Ancient Egyptians placed figures of holy birds on the prow. A wall relief at Medinet Habu depicting Ramses III defeating the Sea Peoples in the Battle of the Delta, Battle of the Nile Delta circa 1200 BC depicts Ancient Egyptian ships with a fierc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Tyers
Captain Charles James Tyers RN FRSV (13 September 1806 – 20 September 1870) was a 19th-century Anglo-Australian surveyor and explorer, and the Commissioner of Crown Lands for Portland (1842–1843) and Gippsland (1844–1867). There are many Australian geographical features named after him, including Tyers, Tyers Junction, Western Tyers, Tyers River, Mount Tyers, and Lake Tyers. His many achievements include the surveying and naming of Port Essington (1839), the determination of the border between South Australia and Victoria, naming the Baw Baw plateau, and being the first European (in 1841) to climb Mount Emu and Mount Buninyong in the Western District of Victoria. Background and early career Tyers was born in London, the son of John Tyers and his wife Elizabeth née Theobald. After an education at Christ's Hospital he entered the navy in 1828. He served under Admiral Lord Lyons on the ''Blonde'' and Captain Bremer on the ''Alligator''. He made a study of ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commissioner Of Crown Lands (Australia)
The Commissioner of Crown Lands was a government official who was appointed to administer crown (government) land in the various Australian colonies. In New South Wales, from 1836, each land district had its own Commissioner of Crown Lands reporting to a Chief Commissioner of Crown Lands. From 1839, each commissioner had responsibilities in relation to the Border Police of New South Wales and, depending on the land district, was sometimes involved in frontier violence and suppression of local Aboriginal people. The position of Chief Commissioner lapsed in 1878 and the commissioners' positions were abolished around 1880. In Western Australia at Federation the position became Minister for Lands in the state government. See also *Charles Tyers *Commissioners of Crown Lands (UK) * Minister for Lands (Western Australia) References Australia, Commissioner of Crown Lands Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Aus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interpreting
Interpreting is translation from a spoken or signed language into another language, usually in real time to facilitate live communication. It is distinguished from the translation of a written text, which can be more deliberative and make use of external resources and tools. The most common two modes of interpreting are simultaneous interpreting, which is done at the time of the exposure to the source language, and consecutive interpreting, which is done at breaks to this exposure. Interpreting is an ancient human activity which predates the invention of writing. History Historiography Research into the various aspects of the history of interpreting is quite new. For as long as most scholarly interest was given to professional conference interpreting, very little academic work was done on the practice of interpreting in history, and until the 1990s, only a few dozen publications were done on it. Considering the amount of interpreting activities that is assumed to have oc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
