|
Western Iceland
Historically, Iceland was divided into four farthings (''landsfjórðungar'', singular ''landsfjórðungur'') corresponding to the cardinal directions. These were administrative divisions established in 965 for the purpose of organising regional assemblies called farthing assemblies (''fjórðungsþing'') and regional courts called farthing courts (''fjórðungsdómar''). Each farthing held three local assemblies (usually in spring and autumn), which were each presided over by three ''goðar'' or chieftains. The North Farthing alone held four. Farthing courts would judge cases if both plaintiff and defendant belonged to the same assembly; otherwise the case was brought to the general assembly, the ''Alþingi''. Little else is known about these farthing courts and they seem to have been much more irregular than the spring and autumn assemblies. Also, in spite of the apparent regularity of three ''goðar'' per assembly and three to four assemblies per farthing, the system of rule by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1761 Homann Heirs Map Of Iceland "Insulae Islandiae" - Geographicus - Islandiae-hmhr-1761
Events January–March * January 14 – Third Battle of Panipat: In India, the armies of the Durrani Empire from Afghanistan, led by Ahmad Shah Durrani and his coalition decisively defeat the Maratha Confederacy, killing over 100,000 Maratha soldiers and civilians in battle and in a subsequent massacre, regaining territory lost by the Mughal Empire and restoring the Mughal Emperor, Shah Alam II, to the throne in Delhi as the nominal ruler. * January 16 – In India, the Siege of Pondicherry (1760), Siege of Pondicherry ends as the British Empire captures Pondicherry district, Pondichéry from the French colonial empire. * February 8 – An earthquake in London breaks chimneys in Limehouse and Poplar, London, Poplar. * March 8 – A second earthquake occurs in North London, Hampstead and Highgate. * March 31 – An 1761 Portugal earthquake, 8.5 magnitude earthquake strikes Lisbon in the Kingdom of Portugal, but few deaths are reported because of cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution Of Iceland
The Constitution of Iceland (Icelandic language, Icelandic: ''Stjórnarskrá lýðveldisins Íslands'' "Constitution of the republic of Iceland") is the supreme law of Iceland. It is composed of 80 articles in seven sections, and within it the leadership arrangement of the country is determined and the human rights of its citizens are preserved. The current constitution was first instituted on 17 June 1944 when Iceland became a republic; since then, it has been amended seven times. History In the 19th century, the Icelandic independence movement from Denmark was gaining momentum, while nationalism and demands for increased civil rights intensified in mainland Europe. In June 1849, the king of Denmark was forced to meet the demands of the liberals and the nationalists, and agree to a constitution for Denmark and thus also with Iceland. This constitution repealed the absolute monarchy and established a constitutional monarchy in which power over most important issues was handed o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skaftafellssýsla
Iceland was historically divided into 23 counties known as ''sýslur'' (), and 23 independent towns known as ''kaupstaðir'' (). Iceland is now split up between 24 sýslumenn (magistrates) that are the highest authority over the local police (except in Reykjavík where there is a special office of police commissioner) and carry out administrative functions such as declaring bankruptcy and marrying people outside of the church. The jurisdictions of these magistrates often follow the lines of the historical counties, but not always. When speaking of these new "administrative" counties, the custom is to associate them with the county seats rather than using the names of the traditional counties, even when they cover the same area. Composition Independent towns (''kaupstaðir'') were first created in the 18th century as urbanisation began in Iceland; this practice continued into the 1980s. The last town that was declared an independent town was Ólafsvík in 1983. Since then, the l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jökulsá á Sólheimasandi
{{Disambiguation ...
Jökulsá (literally ''glacier river'') is the name of several rivers in Iceland. * Jökulsá á Dal, also known as ''Jökulsá á Brú'' or ''Jökla'' * Jökulsá á Fjöllum, the second longest river in Iceland * Jökulsá á Breiðamerkursandi * , which becomes Lagarfljót * * * Jökulsá í Borgarfirði eystri, a river *Jökulsá í Fáskrúðsfirði, a small river *Jökulsá á Flateyjardal, a small river See also *List of rivers of Iceland *Austari-Jökulsá *Vestari-Jökulsá Vestari-Jökulsá or Jökulsá vestri (English: Western Glacier River) is a glacier river in Skagafjörður, Iceland. It originates in the northwest corner of Hofsjökull and is formed from many branches that fall together and flow northward. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Langanes
Langanes () is a peninsula in northeast Iceland. The name literally means "long peninsula". It is long from southwest to northeast, ending in a thin strip of land called Fontur (regionally also ) where there is also a suggestive lighthouse called Langanesviti . It is bounded by Þistilfjörður to the northwest and Bakkaflói to the southeast, while the terrain inland reaches elevations of 200–450 metres (600–1200 feet). The highest point is Gunnólfsvíkurfjall in the southeast of the peninsula, at 719 m. The peninsula is composed of late Pliocene-early Pleistocene lavas. Kistufjall (444 m) is the distinctive tuya (table mountain) volcano that resulted from subglacial eruptions. Administratively, Langanes forms part of the Langanesbyggð municipality (population 480 in 2008). Virtually all of the population live in the village of Þórshöfn (Thorshofn) on the northwestern coast, which has a small airport. Sauðanes , just to the north of Þórshöfn, has an ancient chu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eyjafjörður
Eyjafjörður (, ''Island Fjord'') is one of the longest fjords in Iceland. It is located in the central north of the country. Situated by the fjord is the country's fourth most populous municipality, Akureyri. Physical geography The fjord is long and narrow and measures 60 km from its head to its mouth. Its greatest width is 15 km between Ólafsfjörður and Gjögurtá at the fjord's mouth, but for the greater part of its length it is mostly between 5–10 km wide. The fjord is surrounded by hills and mountains on both sides; the mountains are taller on the west side, in the mountain range of the Tröllaskagi peninsula. In the outer part of the fjord there are no lowlands along the coast as the steep hills roll directly into the sea. Further south in the fjord there are strips of lowland along both coasts; these are wider on the west side. Several valleys lead from Eyjafjörður: most of them to the west, where the two most significant are Hörgárdalur and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hvalfjörður
Hvalfjörður (, "whale fjord") is situated in the west of Iceland between Mosfellsbær and Akranes. The fjord is approximately long and wide. The origin of the name Hvalfjörður is uncertain. Certainly today there is no presence of whales in the fjord; while there is a whaling station in the fjord, whaling is conducted in the open ocean outside the fjord; likewise, it is modern and postdates the naming of the fjord. One theory as to the naming of the fjord is that early settlers encountered a pod of whales trapped in the fjord who ended up beached; the stranding of whales was in early Iceland a godsend in the meat that it provided, to the point that the word ''hvalreki'' means both "whale beaching" and "windfall or godsend". However, there is no direct evidence to support this theory. Another theory is that the fjord is named after Hvalfjall ("Whale Mountain", a mountain at the bottom of the fjord), which would have been in turn named after its visual appearance. A common fol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borgarfjörður
Borgarfjörður () is a fjord in the west of Iceland near the town of Borgarnes. Although the waters of Borgarfjörður appear calm, the fjord has significant undercurrents and shallows. The many flat islands lying in the fjord are for the most part uninhabited. Near Borgarnes, the ''hringvegur'' (road no.1 or "ring road") passes over Borgarfjarðarbrú, a bridge of 0.5 km in length at the inland portion of the fjord. The land around the fjord has been inhabited since the time of Icelandic settlement. Events in the Icelandic sagas such as that of Egill Skallagrímsson are situated here. The name of the fjord seems to have come from the farm ''Borg'', which according to the sagas was founded by Egill's father Skallagrímur, who took the land around the fjord and accordingly gave the fjord the name of Borgarfjörður. While serving as a synonym for the various townships, farms, natural attractions and areas in the region, the various parts of Borgarfjörður are now gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hrútafjörður
Hrútafjörður () is a fjord in the north-west of Iceland. It is around 36 km long and lies to the south of Húnaflói (, ) is a bay of the Iceland Sea in Northwestern Region (Iceland), Northwestern Region and Westfjords, Iceland. It is situated between the village of Strandir on peninsula to the west and the of Skagi peninsula to the east. Spanning , it has a ... bay. There are a few farmsteads on the shores of the fjord, and one (tiny) village, Borðeyri, with 16 inhabitants. The junction and farmstead of Brú is at its southern tip; it serves as a local agricultural service station. "Hrúta" is plural possessive of "Hrútur" which means the male sheep. File:Bortheyri.JPG, Borðeyri Image:Southern end of Hrútafjörður.jpg, Southern end of Hrútafjörður File:Hrútafjörður.jpg, Hrútafjörður See also * Fjords of Iceland {{iceland-fjord-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
