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Water Tunnel (physical Infrastructure)
Water tunnels are tunnels (below-ground channels) used to transport water to areas with large populations or agriculture. They are frequently part of aqueducts. Some aqueducts, such as the Delaware Aqueduct are single long tunnels. In other cases, such as the San Jacinto Tunnel on the Colorado River Aqueduct, water tunnels form parts of far longer aqueducts. In cases where the outflow of a water tunnel is into an existing stream or river flowing to the point of water use, the term aqueduct is less likely to be used, as with the Harold D. Roberts Tunnel from Dillon Reservoir to the North Fork South Platte River. Notable water tunnels, or systems including water tunnels * Alva B. Adams Tunnel from the western slope of the Colorado River drainage to the eastern Front Range of Colorado, * Angeles Tunnel 7.2 miles (11.6 km) * Bagur Navile Tunnel 6 miles (9.7 km) * Bosporus Water Tunnel *Chicago Tunnel and Reservoir Plan 109.4 miles (176.1 km) *Denver Water ** Moffat Tunnel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aqueduct (water Supply)
An aqueduct is a watercourse constructed to carry water from a source to a distribution point far away. In modern engineering, the term ''aqueduct'' is used for any system of pipes, ditches, canals, tunnels, and other structures used for this purpose. The term ''aqueduct'' also often refers specifically to aqueduct (bridge), a bridge carrying an artificial watercourse. Aqueducts were used in ancient Greece, the ancient Near East, Roman aqueduct, ancient Rome, Chapultepec aqueduct, ancient Aztec, and Inca aqueducts, ancient Inca. The simplest aqueducts are small ditches cut into the earth. Much larger channels may be used in modern aqueducts. Aqueducts sometimes run for some or all of their path through tunnels constructed underground. Modern aqueducts may also use pipelines. Historically, agricultural societies have constructed aqueducts to irrigate crops and supply large cities with drinking water. Etymology The word ''aqueduct'' is derived from the Latin words (''water'') a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moffat Tunnel
The Moffat Tunnel is a railroad and water tunnel that cuts through the Continental Divide in north-central Colorado. Named after Colorado railroad pioneer David Moffat, the tunnel's first official railroad traffic passed through in February 1928. The Moffat Tunnel finally provided Denver with a western link through the Continental Divide, as both Cheyenne, Wyoming, to the north and Pueblo to the south already enjoyed rail access to the West Coast. It follows the right-of-way laid out by Moffat in 1902 while he was seeking a better and shorter route from Denver to Salt Lake City. The Moffat Tunnel averages 15 trains per day. The railroad and water tunnels parallel one another; the water tunnel delivers a portion of Denver's water supply. In 1979, the tunnel was designated as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Civil Engineers. Overview The eastern portal is about west of Denver in the Front Range, about west of the town of Rollinsvi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culvert
A culvert is a structure that channels water past an obstacle or to a subterranean waterway. Typically embedded so as to be surrounded by soil, a culvert may be made from a pipe (fluid conveyance), pipe, reinforced concrete or other material. In the United Kingdom, the word can also be used for a longer artificially buried watercourse. Culverts are commonly used both as cross-drains to relieve drainage of ditches at the roadside, and to pass water under a road at natural drainage and stream crossings. When they are found beneath roads, they are frequently empty. A culvert may also be a bridge-like structure designed to allow vehicle or pedestrian traffic to cross over the waterway while allowing adequate passage for the water. Dry culverts are used to channel a fire hose beneath a noise barrier for the ease of firefighter, firefighting along a highway without the need or danger of placing hydrants along the roadway itself. Culverts come in many sizes and shapes including ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canal Tunnel
{{Refimprove, date=September 2009 A canal tunnel is a tunnel for a canal. The building of a canal tunnel is crucial to help a waterway that is normally used for shipping cross a difficult section of terrain. They are also constructed to reduce the dependency on Lock (water navigation), canal locks. The longest canal tunnel in the world is the Rove Tunnel in France, currently disused. Other notable examples of canal tunnels include the proposed Stad Ship Tunnel in Norway, a proposed tunnel for sea going vessels, Standedge Tunnels, Standedge Tunnel, the longest, deepest and highest in the United Kingdom and Harecastle Tunnel, another noteworthy tunnel in the UK. The oldest canal tunnel in the world is the Malpas Tunnel also in France, built in 1679. In some canal tunnels the towpath continues through the tunnel. In other cases, especially on English narrow canals, there is no towpath. The horse would be led over the hill and the boat would be propelled by Legging (canals), leggin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kowloon Group Of Reservoirs
The Kowloon Group of Reservoirs is located in the Kam Shan Country Park, north of Kowloon, Hong Kong. They include: * Kowloon Reservoir * Kowloon Byewash Reservoir * Kowloon Reception Reservoir (Eption Reservoir) Also located in the Kam Shan Country Park is the Shek Lei Pui Reservoir. Taken together the capacity of the reservoirs is 2.9 million cubic metres. History The Kowloon Reservoir was the first of the group to be built. Construction commenced in 1907 and it was completed in 1910, making it the first reservoir in the New Territories. On completion, the capacity was 353 mg. The total cost of construction was $619,000. The Shek Lei Pui Reservoir was completed in 1925 with a capacity of 116 mg. The Kowloon Reception Reservoir was completed in 1926. The Kowloon Byewash Reservoir was completed in 1931 with a capacity of 185 mg. Construction of a water tunnel connecting the Kowloon Byewash Reservoir to the Lower Shing Mun Reservoir started in 2019. The proj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Juan–Chama Project
The San Juan–Chama Project is a U.S. Bureau of Reclamation interbasin water transfer project located in the states of New Mexico and Colorado in the United States. The project consists of a series of tunnels and diversions that take water from the drainage basin of the San Juan River – a tributary of the Colorado River – to supplement water resources in the Rio Grande watershed. The project furnishes water for irrigation and municipal water supply to cities along the Rio Grande including Albuquerque and Santa Fe. Background Most major agricultural and urban areas in New Mexico today lie along the narrow corridor of the Rio Grande as it cuts across the center of this predominantly desert state. Spanish settlers arrived in the area in the late 1500s, followed by Mexican and American settlers in the 18th and 19th centuries, building large irrigation systems and diversion dams to allow agricultural production in the arid region. In the early 1920s, water supply in the Rio Gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Päijänne Water Tunnel
The Päijänne Water Tunnel (, ) is a water tunnel located in Southern Finland. At , it is the second-longest tunnel in the world, running at a depth of in the bedrock. The purpose of the tunnel is to provide fresh water for the over one million people of the Greater Helsinki area, including the cities of Helsinki, Espoo, Vantaa, Hyvinkää, Järvenpää, Kerava, Kauniainen, Kirkkonummi, Sipoo and Tuusula. The former Porvoo Rural Municipality, now merged with the municipality of Porvoo, also took part in the building of the scheme but has never drawn water from it for domestic use. The tunnel starts at Asikkalanselkä in Lake Päijänne, the second-largest lake in Finland with an area of . From there, the tunnel slopes slightly downhill allowing water to flow naturally with gravity. Water from the southern portion of Lake Päijänne is of good quality at the tunnel intake, and usually drinkable without processing. The tunnel ends at the Silvola reservoir in Vantaa. From t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York City Water Tunnel No
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Catskill Aqueduct
The Catskill Aqueduct is an aqueduct in the New York City water supply system which brings water from the Catskill Mountains to Kensico Dam in Westchester County, New York. There it joins with waters from the Kensico watershed and the Delaware Aqueduct. After mixing and settling, the flow from Kensico continues in the aqueduct to the Hillview Reservoir in Yonkers for distribution in the City. The aqueduct is fed by the waters of the Schoharie and Ashokan reservoirs located in Ulster County. History Construction began in 1907. Numerous test shafts were dug to determine the stability of the area's sub-surface geology to ensure both the impermeability of the completed reservoirs and holding strength of their various levees, tunnels, dikes, and dams, and the integrity of the structures of the aqueduct. The aqueduct proper was completed in 1916 and the entire Catskill Aqueduct system including three dams and 67 shafts was completed in 1924. The total cost of constructing t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York City Water Supply System
The New York City water supply system is a combination of Aqueduct (water supply), aqueducts, reservoirs, and tunnels which supplies fresh water to New York City. With three major water systems (New Croton Aqueduct, Croton, Catskill Aqueduct, Catskill, and Delaware Aqueduct, Delaware) stretching up to away to the north, the NYC water supply system is one of the most extensive municipal water systems in the world. New York's Water purification, water treatment process is simpler than most other American cities. This largely reflects how well protected its Drainage basin, watersheds are. The city has sought to restrict Land development, development surrounding them. One of its largest watershed protection programs is the Land Acquisition Program, under which the New York City Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) has purchased or protected, through conservation easement, over since 1997. With all the care given, the city's water supply system is partially exempted from fil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metropolitan Water District Of Southern California
The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California is a regional wholesaler and the largest supplier of treated water in the United States. The name is usually shortened to "Met," "Metropolitan," or "MWD." It is a cooperative of fourteen cities, eleven municipal water districts, and one county water authority, that provides water to 19 million people in a service area. It was created by an act of the California State Legislature in 1928, primarily to build and operate the Colorado River Aqueduct. Metropolitan became the first (and largest) contractor to the State Water Project in 1960. Metropolitan owns and operates an extensive range of capital facilities including the Colorado River Aqueduct which runs from an intake at Lake Havasu on the California-Arizona border to its endpoint at the Lake Mathews reservoir in Riverside County. It also imports water supplies from northern California via the California Aqueduct as a contractor to the State Water Project. In 1960, Metropo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irtysh–Karamay–Ürümqi Canal
The Irtysh–Karamay–Ürümqi Canal (), also known as the Project 635 () Canal, is a system of water-transfer canals and reservoirs in the northern part of China's Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region. It transfers water from the Irtysh River (which flows toward the Arctic Ocean) into several dry endorheic basins of north-central Xinjiang, where it is used for irrigation and general use of the population and industries. The canal is often referred in Chinese publications simply the "Project for Supplying Water From the Irtysh" ("引额供水"工程). According to Chinese planners, the water carried by the canal will eventually irrigate 140,000 hectares of land. An important user of the canal's water is the petroleum industry around Karamay. History The ideas for redirecting some of the waters of the Irtysh for irrigation use in the (Soviet) Central Asia was actively discussed in the USSR in the mid-20th century. However, the bulk of the Soviet Northern river reversal project ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
