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Voivode Of Vilnius
The Voivode of Vilnius (, ) was a high-ranking Voivode#Commonwealth of Poland–Lithuania, officer in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania who governed the Vilnius Voivodeship from 1413. He was considered as the most influential member of the Lithuanian Council of Lords. After the Union of Lublin in 1569, the Voivodes of Vilnius (who were senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) were ranked as the fourth highest, while the Castellans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Castellans of Vilnius were ranked as the sixth highest officers among the Subdivisions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Voivodeships of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Third Partition of Poland, Third Partition of the Commonwealth, the Vilnius Voivodeship was annexed by the Russian Empire and this position was annulled. Elders of Vilnius Voivodes of Vilnius 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century References {{reflist Voivode of Vilnius, Vilnius Voivod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voivode
Voivode ( ), also spelled voivod, voievod or voevod and also known as vaivode ( ), voivoda, vojvoda, vaivada or wojewoda, is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe in use since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the medieval rulers of the Romanian-inhabited states and of governors and military commanders of Poles, Hungarian, Lithuanian, Balkan, Russian people and other Slavic-speaking populations. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ''voivode'' was interchangeably used with '' palatine''. In the Tsardom of Russia, a voivode was a military governor. Among the Danube principalities, ''voivode'' was considered a princely title. Etymology The term ''voivode'' comes from two roots. , means "war, fight," while , means "leading", thus in Old Slavic together meaning "war leader" or "warlord". The Latin translation is for the principal commander of a military force, serving as a deputy for the monarch. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikołaj II Radziwiłł
Mikołaj II Radziwiłł ( Belarusian: Мікалай Радзівіл, ) (1470–1521), nicknamed Amor Poloniae, was a magnate and statesman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. He obtained the title of prince from Emperor Maximilian I. He was a son of Mikalojus Radvilaitis and among the first Radziwiłłs to carry this family name. He had brothers Jerzy Radziwiłł, Jan Radziwiłł and Wojciech Radziwiłł and sister Anna Radziwiłł. Mikołaj was a progenitor of Goniądz– Miadzyel Radziwiłł family line. He inherited the lands of Musninkai and Kėdainiai. Most of his acquired fortune had been confiscated from Michael Glinski—notably Rajgród, Goniądz and Knyszyn. He took part in the second Muscovite–Lithuanian War of 1500–03 and other raids under leadership of Konstanty Ostrogski. Mikołaj was the Podczaszy from 1505 until 1510, Voivode of Vilnius from 1507 and replaced his father as the Grand Chancellor of Lithuania from 1510. On 25 February 1518 re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikalojus Radvilaitis
Mikalojus Radvila or Mikołaj I nicknamed ''the Old'' (, , ) ( – 16 July 1509) was a Lithuanian noble. He was known after a patronym ''Radvilaitis'', made of his father's name Radvila, which in turn became a family name of his heirs, Radvilos, which later polonised as Radziwiłł. Mikalojus had been a regent of Smolensk from 2 December 1481; in 1483 a 10,000-strong army was summoned by him for protection of Smolensk lands. He had been the Castellan of Trakai since 31 May 1488 and regent of Novgorodok, later a regent of Bielsk Podlaski. He was the Voivod of Vilnius since 1492 and the first Grand Chancellor of Lithuania from 1504 until his death in 1509. His sons Jerzy, Mikołaj, and Jan were the progenitors of the three Radziwiłł family lines. His daughter Anna was the great-grandmother of Elizabeth Báthory Countess Elizabeth Báthory of Ecsed (, ; ; 7 August 1560 – 21 August 1614) was a Hungarian noblewoman and alleged serial killer from the powerful H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alekna Sudimantaitis
Alekna Sudimantaitis (, ; died in 1490/1491) was an influential Lithuanian noble of Trąby coat of arms, Grand Chancellor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1478–1490) and Voivode of Vilnius (1477–1490). Alekna is mentioned in written sources in 1446. He was royal cup-bearer ( cześnik, 1448–1477) and chamberlain ( podkomorzy; 1449–1453). According to the Bychowiec Chronicle, Alekna led a Lithuanian squad in the 1454 Battle of Chojnice. During the battle Alekna was taken captive by the Teutonic Knights. He was also starosta of Hrodna (1458–1459) and regent of Polatsk (1463–1477). After the death of Mykolas Kęsgaila in 1476, Alekna became Grand Chancellor and Voivode of Vilnius. He held those positions until his death in 1490 or 1491; the positions were taken over by Alekna's relative Mikalojus Radvila the Old. In 1482, a brevis from Pope Sixtus IV to launch a new crusade against the Ottoman Turks was addressed to Alekna and Martynas Goštautas, Voivode of Trakai. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herb Zadora
Herbs are a widely distributed and widespread group of plants, excluding vegetables, with savory or aromatic properties that are used for flavoring and garnishing food, for medicinal purposes, or for fragrances. Culinary use typically distinguishes herbs from spices. ''Herbs'' generally refers to the leafy green or flowering parts of a plant (either fresh or dried), while ''spices'' are usually dried and produced from other parts of the plant, including seeds, bark, roots and fruits. Herbs have a variety of uses including culinary, medicinal, aromatic and in some cases, spiritual. General usage of the term "herb" differs between culinary herbs and medicinal herbs; in medicinal or spiritual use, any parts of the plant might be considered "herbs", including leaves, roots, flowers, seeds, root bark, inner bark (and cambium), resin and pericarp. The word "herb" is pronounced in Commonwealth English, but is standard among American English speakers as well as those from regions whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mykolas Kęsgaila (died 1476)
Mykolas Kęsgaila (; died 1476) was an influential Lithuanian nobleman from the Kęsgailos family. Together with his brother Jonas Kęsgaila, Mykolas dominated the politics of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania for three decades. Mykolas Kęsgaila was Chancellor of Lithuania (1444–1476), regent of Smolensk (1450–1458) and Voivode of Vilnius The Voivode of Vilnius (, ) was a high-ranking Voivode#Commonwealth of Poland–Lithuania, officer in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania who governed the Vilnius Voivodeship from 1413. He was considered as the most influential member of the Lithuanian Co ... (1459–1476). References 1476 deaths Year of birth unknown Mykolas Grand chancellors of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Voivode of Vilnius 15th-century government officials {{Lithuania-noble-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jonas Manvydas
Jonas "Ivaška" Manvydas (; died 1458) was a Lithuanian noble. A member of the Manvydas family, he was Voivode of Trakai from 1443 to 1458. Biography Manvydas was first recorded in written sources in May 1423 when he affixed his seal to the Treaty of Melno. In August 1431, he witnessed the truce of Chortoryisk that Grand Duke Švitrigaila concluded with the Teutonic Order (see Polish–Teutonic War (1431–1435)). At the time, he was a starosta of Kremenets. Manvydas and his family continued to support Švitrigaila after he was deposed in August 1432. His uncle Jurgis Gedgaudas was captured in the Battle of Ashmyany and reconciled with the new Grand Duke Sigismund Kęstutaitis. Manvydas continued to support Švitrigaila in the Lithuanian Civil War (1432–1438). In 1436–1437, he claimed the title of Voivode of Podolia. In 1440, after the assassination of Sigismund Kęstutaitis, he supported Casimir Jagiellon against Michael Žygimantaitis and regained his influence in the Gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jonas Goštautas
Jonas Gostautas or Goštautas (; c. 1393 in Geranainys or Vilnius – before 1 September 1458 in Vilnius) was a Lithuanian nobleman from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania of the Gasztołd (Goštautai) noble family, a politician and skillful land owner. He served as Chancellor of Lithuania between 1443 and 1458 and was a very close advisor and mentor to Casimir IV Jagiellon before he became the third Jagiellonian King of Poland. ''Gostautas'' was not his surname, but a pagan Lithuanian given name retained after baptism by his immediate ancestor, while '' Jonas'' was his Christian name. His heirs, e.g., his sons like Martynas Goštautas, perhaps inherited the name as a surname. In 1413 at the Union of Horodło, Jonas was adopted by the Polish nobles into the Abdank clan. Life First mentioned in 1413, Jonas Goštautas served as a marshal during the late reign of Vytautas the Great. Following death of Vytautas he continued his duties under Švitrigaila and sided with him agai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herb Pomian
Herbs are a widely distributed and widespread group of plants, excluding vegetables, with savory or aromatic properties that are used for flavoring and garnishing food, for medicinal purposes, or for fragrances. Culinary use typically distinguishes herbs from spices. ''Herbs'' generally refers to the leafy green or flowering parts of a plant (either fresh or dried), while ''spices'' are usually dried and produced from other parts of the plant, including seeds, bark, roots and fruits. Herbs have a variety of uses including culinary, medicinal, aromatic and in some cases, spiritual. General usage of the term "herb" differs between culinary herbs and medicinal herbs; in medicinal or spiritual use, any parts of the plant might be considered "herbs", including leaves, roots, flowers, seeds, root bark, inner bark (and cambium), resin and pericarp. The word "herb" is pronounced in Commonwealth English, but is standard among American English speakers as well as those from regions whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
