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Viola Organista
The viola organista is a musical instrument designed by Leonardo da Vinci. It uses a friction belt to vibrate individual strings (similar to how a violin produces sounds), with the strings selected by pressing keys on a keyboard (similar to an organ). Leonardo's design has intrigued instrument makers for more than 400 years, but though similar instruments have been built, no extant instrument constructed directly from Leonardo's incomplete designs is known. Sometimes it is mistakenly referred to as the Harpsichord Viola, harpsichord viola, which is a different instrument. Description Leonardo designed many different and elaborate models of viola organista, as preserved in his notebooks of 1488–1489 and in the drawings in the Codex Atlanticus and Manuscript H.Emanuel Winternitz, Winternitz, Emanuel (1982). Leonardo Da Vinci As a Musician. The first known instrument actually constructed using Leonardo's concept, is Hans Heyden's Bowed clavier, Geigenwerk of 1575. While the conce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonardo Da Vinci - Ms
Leonardo or The Leonardo may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Leonardo (journal), Leonardo Journal'', an arts journal * Leonardo (Italian magazine), ''Leonardo'' (Italian magazine), a philosophy magazine published in Florence, Italy, in 1903–1907 * Leonardo (journal), ''Leonardo'' (journal), published by the MIT Press * Leonardo (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles), Leonardo (''Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles''), one of the main characters in the ''Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles'' franchise * Leonardo (TV channel), an Italian television channel * Leonardo (2011 TV series), ''Leonardo'' (2011 TV series), a CBBC television series which centers around teenage Leonardo da Vinci played by Jonathan Bailey * Leonardo (2021 TV series), ''Leonardo'' (2021 TV series), an Italian-American television series * ''Leonardo the Musical: A Portrait of Love'', a 1993 musical * Leonardo/ISAST, the International Society for the Arts, Sciences and Technology * "The Leonardo", a 1933 short story written i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Björk
Björk Guðmundsdóttir ( , ; born 21 November 1965), known mononymously as Björk, is an Icelandic singer, songwriter, composer, record producer, and actress. Noted for her distinct voice, three-octave vocal range, and eccentric public persona, she has developed an Eclecticism in music, eclectic musical style over a career spanning four decades, drawing on electronica, pop music, pop, dance music, dance, trip hop, jazz, and avant-garde music, avant-garde music. She is one of the most influential pioneers in electronic music, electronic and experimental music. Born and raised in Reykjavík, Björk began her music career at the age of 11 and gained international recognition as the lead singer of the alternative rock band the Sugarcubes by the age of 21. After the Sugarcubes disbanded in 1992, Björk gained prominence as a solo artist with her albums ''Debut (Björk album), Debut'' (1993), ''Post (Björk album), Post'' (1995), and ''Homogenic'' (1997), collaborating with artis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keyboard Instruments
A keyboard instrument is a musical instrument played using a keyboard, a row of levers that are pressed by the fingers. The most common of these are the piano, organ, and various electronic keyboards, including synthesizers and digital pianos. Other keyboard instruments include celestas, which are struck idiophones operated by a keyboard, and carillons, which are usually housed in bell towers or belfries of churches or municipal buildings. Today, the term ''keyboard'' often refers to keyboard-style synthesizers and arrangers as well as work-stations. These keyboards typically work by translating the physical act of pressing keys into electrical signals that produce sound. Under the fingers of a sensitive performer, the keyboard may also be used to control dynamics, phrasing, shading, articulation, and other elements of expression—depending on the design and inherent capabilities of the instrument. Modern keyboards, especially digital ones, can simulate a wide range of sou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Inventions
Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Italian, regional variants of the Italian language ** Languages of Italy, languages and dialects spoken in Italy ** Italian culture, cultural features of Italy ** Italian cuisine, traditional foods ** Folklore of Italy, the folklore and urban legends of Italy ** Mythology of Italy, traditional religion and beliefs Other uses * Italian dressing, a vinaigrette-type salad dressing or marination * Italian or Italian-A, alternative names for the Ping-Pong virus, an extinct computer virus * ''Italien'' (magazine), pro-Fascist magazine in Germany between 1927 and 1944 See also * * * Italia (other) * Italic (other) * Italo (other) * The Italian (other) * Italian people (other) Italian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bowed String Instruments
Bowed string instruments are a subcategory of string instruments that are played by a bow rubbing the strings. The bow rubbing the string causes vibration which the instrument emits as sound. Despite the numerous specialist studies devoted to the origin of bowing, the origin of bowing remains unknown.Friedrich Behn, Musikleben im Altertum und frühen page 159 List of bowed string instruments Violin family * Cello (violoncello) * Pochette * Viola (altviol, bratsche) * Violin (violino) * Double bass (contrabasso) ;Variants on the standard members of the violin family include: * Baroque violin * Cello da spalla * Five string violin * Hardanger fiddle * Kit violin * Kontra * Låtfiol * Lira da braccio * Octobass * Sardino * Stroh violin * Tenor violin Viol family (Viola da Gamba family) * Alto viol * Bass viol * Tenor viol * Treble viol ;Variants on the standard four members of the viol family include * Baryton * Division viol * Lirone * Lyra vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genoa
Genoa ( ; ; ) is a city in and the capital of the Italian region of Liguria, and the sixth-largest city in Italy. As of 2025, 563,947 people live within the city's administrative limits. While its metropolitan city has 818,651 inhabitants, more than 1.5 million people live in the wider metropolitan area stretching along the Italian Riviera. On the Gulf of Genoa in the Ligurian Sea, Genoa has historically been one of the most important ports on the Mediterranean: it is the busiest city in Italy and in the Mediterranean Sea and twelfth-busiest in the European Union. Genoa was the capital of one of the most powerful maritime republics for over seven centuries, from the 11th century to 1797. Particularly from the 12th century to the 15th century, the city played a leading role in the history of commerce and trade in Europe, becoming one of the largest naval powers of the continent and considered among the wealthiest cities in the world. It was also nicknamed ''la S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Works By Leonardo Da Vinci
The Italian polymath Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) was the founding figure of the High Renaissance, and exhibited enormous influence on subsequent artists. Only around eight major works—'' The Adoration of the Magi'', '' Saint Jerome in the Wilderness'', the Louvre '' Virgin of the Rocks'', '' The Last Supper'', the ceiling of the Sala delle Asse, '' The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne and Saint John the Baptist'', '' The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne'', and the ''Mona Lisa''—are universally attributed to him, and have aroused little or no controversy in the past. Ten additional works are now widely attributed to his ''oeuvre'', though most have previously incited considerable controversy or doubt: the ''Annunciation'', '' Madonna of the Carnation'', '' The Baptism of Christ'' (with his teacher, Verrocchio), '' Ginevra de' Benci'', the '' Benois Madonna'', the '' Portrait of a Musician'' (with possible studio assistance), the '' Lady with an Ermine'', '' La Belle Ferr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lautenwerck
The lautenwerck (also spelled lautenwerk), alternatively called lute-harpsichord (lute-clavier) or keyboard lute, is a European keyboard instrument of the Baroque music, Baroque period. It is similar to a harpsichord, but with Catgut, gut (sometimes nylon) rather than metal strings (except for the 4-foot register on some instruments), producing a mellow tone. The instrument was favored by J. S. Bach, who owned two of the instruments at the time of his death, but no specimens from the eighteenth century have survived to the present day. It has been revived since the twentieth century by harpsichord makers Willard Martin, Keith Hill, and Steven Sorli. Three of its most prominent performers are the early music specialists Gergely Sárközy, Wolfgang Rübsam, and Robert Hill (musician), Robert Hill. Media Performances by Gergely Sárközy also are freely available.IncludinBWV 996 - Prelude-PrestoanBWV 996 - Bourree both via Archive.org Notes References * External links [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Los Angeles Times
The ''Los Angeles Times'' is an American daily newspaper that began publishing in Los Angeles, California, in 1881. Based in the Greater Los Angeles city of El Segundo since 2018, it is the sixth-largest newspaper in the U.S. and the largest in the Western United States with a print circulation of 118,760. It has 500,000 online subscribers, the fifth-largest among U.S. newspapers. Owned by Patrick Soon-Shiong and published by California Times, the paper has won over 40 Pulitzer Prizes since its founding. In the 19th century, the paper developed a reputation for civic boosterism and opposition to labor unions, the latter of which led to the bombing of its headquarters in 1910. The paper's profile grew substantially in the 1960s under publisher Otis Chandler, who adopted a more national focus. As with other regional newspapers in California and the United States, the paper's readership has declined since 2010. It has also been beset by a series of ownership changes, staff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wheelharp
The wheelharp is a musical instrument with bowed strings controlled by a keyboard and foot-controlled motor, similar to Leonardo da Vinci's viola organista, a keyboard-operated string instrument for continuously sounding strings by rubbing the strings with spinning wheels, powered by a treadle controlled by one foot of the musician. Created by Jon Jones and Mitchell Manger, the wheelharp debuted at the 2013 NAMM Show in Anaheim, California. According to the Wall Street Journal, it "looks and works like a cross between a harpsichord and a hurdy-gurdy: a motor driven wheel spins, rubbing against strings when the player depresses a key." However, the principle of bowed strings in a keyboard instrument is old. Michael Praetorius' Syntagma Musicum depicted a ''Nürnbergisch Geigenwerk (Geigenklavizimbel)''. See also * Viola organista * Bowed clavier The bowed clavier (', ' or ' in German) is a keyboard instrument strung with gut strings, the tone of which is produced by a steadily revo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vulnicura Strings
''Vulnicura Strings (The Acoustic Versions – Strings, Voice and Viola Organista Only)'', or simply ''Vulnicura Strings'', is an acoustic album released by Icelandic singer-songwriter Björk as a companion to her 2015 album, ''Vulnicura''. ''Vulnicura Strings'' has been described as a more uncompromising and intimate take on Björk's breakup album, featuring strings-only versions of the ''Vulnicura'' tracks, with the omission of "History of Touches". Also the version of "Family" omits the vocals. Background and concept On 20 January 2015, Björk rush-released ''Vulnicura'', her eighth studio album, after the album leaked online just days after being announced. ''Vulnicura'' was a critical success, with praise centering on Björk's strong and intimate lyrics, her powerful string arrangements, and the beats created by Björk and her co-producers Arca and The Haxan Cloak. On 5 October 2015, ''Vulnicura Strings'' was officially announced after some online shops listed the item wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
