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Valeriana
''Valeriana'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae, members of which may be commonly known as valerians. It contains many species, including the garden valerian, ''Valeriana officinalis''. ''Valeriana'' has centers of diversity in Eurasia and South America (especially in the Andes), and is represented by native species on all continents except Antarctica. Some species have been introduced to parts of the world outside their native range, including '' Valeriana rubra'' in the western United States and '' Valeriana macrosiphon'' in Western Australia. Taxonomy The genus was named by Carl Linnaeus after the Roman emperor Publius Licinius Valerianus who was said to use the plant as medicine. The emperor's personal name comes from '' Valeria'' and the Latin verb ''valeo'' which means "to be strong". 32 previously recognized genera, including ''Centranthus'', ''Fedia'', and ''Plectritis'', are now considered synonyms of ''Valeriana''. Species in the form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valeriana Dioica
''Valeriana dioica'', the marsh valerian, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caprifoliaceae, native to North America, Europe and Anatolia. It is typically found in calcareous fens. It is a dioecious species, with male and female flowers on separate individuals, and it is pollinated by small flies. Varieties The following varieties are currently accepted: *''Valeriana dioica'' var. ''dioica'' *''Valeriana dioica'' var. ''sylvatica'' S.Watson – northern North America References Valeriana, dioica Dioecious plants Flora of Europe Flora of Turkey Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Plants described in 1753 {{Dipsacales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valeriana Officinalis
Valerian (''Valeriana officinalis'', Caprifoliaceae) is a perennial flowering plant native to Eurasia. It produces a catnip-like response in cats. Crude extracts of valerian root may have sedative and anxiolytic effects; however, the clinical evidence is mixed and debated. It is commonly sold as dietary supplement to promote sleep. A dry ethanol extract of valerian root has been recognized as a medicine for adults with mild symptoms by the European Medicines Agency. Names The name of the herb is derived from the personal name '' Valeria'' and the Latin verb (to be strong, healthy). Other names used for this plant include garden valerian (to distinguish it from other ''Valeriana'' species), garden heliotrope (although not related to ''Heliotropium''), setwall (though this originally meant zedoary, from which it is etymologically derived) and all-heal (which is also used for plants in the genus ''Stachys''). ''Valeriana rubra'', red valerian, often grown in gardens, is also some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valeriana Rubra
''Valeriana rubra'' (Synonym (taxonomy), synonym ''Centranthus ruber''), the red valerian, spur valerian, kiss-me-quick, fox's brush, devil's beard or Jupiter's beard, is a popular gardening, garden plant grown for its Ornamental plant, ornamental flowers. Description ''Valeriana rubra'' is a perennial plant, usually as a subshrub though it can take any form from a herbaceous plant to a shrub depending on conditions; the plants are usually woody at the base. The leaves are generally 5–8 cm in length. Their form changes from the bottom to the top of the plant, the lower leaves being Petiole (botany), petiolate while the upper leaves are Sessility (botany), sessile. The leaves grow in opposite pairs and are oval or lanceolate in shape. The plant flowers profusely, and though the individual flowers are small (no more than 2 mm), the inflorescences are large and showy. The flowers are small in rounded clusters each with 5 fused petals and a spur. The most typical color i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valeriana Macrosiphon
''Valeriana macrosiphon'', also commonly called long-spurred valerian, is a herb of the family Caprifoliaceae. The erect annual herb typically grows to a height of . It blooms in spring and early summer producing pink-red-white flowers. The species is native to Northern Africa and southwestern Europe but has become naturalised in many areas including the south west of Western Australia Western Australia (WA) is the westernmost state of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Aust .... References {{Taxonbar, from= Q110980168, from2=Q1549545 macrosiphon Flora of Spain Flora of Morocco Flora of Algeria Plants described in 1843 Taxa named by Pierre Edmond Boissier ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valeriana Amazonum
''Valeriana amazonum'' is a species of plant in the family Caprifoliaceae. It is endemic to Italy. Distribution ''Valeriana amazonum'' occurs in eastern Sardinia, and is only found on Mount Oliena, at about in elevation. Its natural habitats are in Mediterranean shrubby vegetation and rocky areas. Endangered It is an IUCN Red List Critically Endangered plant species, threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss or habitat reduction) occurs when a natural habitat is no longer able to support its native species. The organisms once living there have either moved elsewhere, or are dead, leading to a decrease .... References amazonum Endemic flora of Sardinia Critically endangered plants Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Plants described in 1998 {{Dipsacales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valeriana Alypifolia
''Valeriana alypifolia'' is a species of plant in the family Caprifoliaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland A grassland is an area where the vegetation is dominance (ecology), dominated by grasses (Poaceae). However, sedge (Cyperaceae) and rush (Juncaceae) can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes such as clover, and other Herbaceo .... References alypifolia Endemic flora of Ecuador Least concern plants Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Dipsacales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caprifoliaceae
The Caprifoliaceae or honeysuckle family is a clade of dicotyledonous flowering plants consisting of about 860 species in 33 to 42 genera, with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution. Centres of diversity are found in eastern North America and eastern Asia, while they are absent in tropical and southern Africa. Description The flowering plants in this clade are mostly shrubs and vines: rarely herbs. They include some ornamental garden plants grown in temperate regions. The leaf, leaves are mostly opposite with no stipules (appendages at the base of a leafstalk or leaf, petiole), and may be either evergreen or deciduous. The flowers are tubular funnel-shaped or bell-like, usually with five outward spreading lobes or points, and are often fragrant. They usually form a small Sepal, calyx with small bracts. The fruit is in most cases a berry (botany), berry or a drupe. The genera ''Diervilla'' and ''Weigela'' have Capsule (fruit), capsular fruit, while ''Heptacodium'' has an achene. Tax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Publius Licinius Valerianus
Valerian ( ; ; – 260 or 264) was Roman emperor from 253 to spring 260 AD. Valerian is known as the first Roman emperor to have been taken captive in battle, captured by the Persian emperor Shapur I after the Battle of Edessa, causing shock and instability throughout the Roman Empire. The unprecedented event and his unknown fate generated a variety of different reactions and "new narratives about the Roman Empire in diverse contexts". Biography Origins and rise to power Unlike many of the would-be emperors and rebels who vied for imperial power during the Crisis of the Third Century, Valerian was of a noble and traditional senatorial family. Details of his early life are sparse, except for his marriage to Egnatia Mariniana, with whom he had two sons: Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus (his co-emperor and later successor) and Licinius Valerianus. Valerian was consul for the first time either before AD 238 as a ''Suffectus'' or in 238 as an ''Ordinarius''. In 238 he was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurasia
Eurasia ( , ) is a continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. According to some geographers, Physical geography, physiographically, Eurasia is a single supercontinent. The concept of Europe and Asia as distinct continents dates back to classical antiquity, antiquity, but their borders have historically been subject to change. For example, the ancient Greeks originally included Africa in Asia but classified Europe as separate land. Eurasia is connected to Africa at the Suez Canal, and the two are sometimes combined to describe the largest contiguous landmass on Earth, Afro-Eurasia. History Eurasia has been the host of many ancient civilizations, including those based in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley and China. In the Axial Age (mid-first millennium BCE), a continuous belt of civilizations stretched through the Eurasian Subtropics, subtropical zone from the Atlantic to the Pacific. This belt became the mainstream of world history for two millennia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene followed the Oligocene and preceded the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by distinct global events but by regionally defined transitions from the warmer Oligocene to the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, Afro-Arabia collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Oceans, and allowing the interchange of fauna between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans and Ape, hominoids into Eurasia. During the late Miocene, the conn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plants Of The World Online
Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. History Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online in March 2017 with the goal of creating an exhaustive online database of all seed-bearing plants worldwide. (Govaerts wrongly speaks of "Convention for Botanical Diversity (CBD)). The initial focus was on tropical African flora, particularly flora ''Zambesiaca'', flora of West and East Tropical Africa. Since March 2024, the website has displayed AI-generated predictions of the extinction risk for each plant. Description The database uses the same taxonomical source as the International Plant Names Index, which is the World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP). The database contains information on the world's flora gathered from 250 years of botanical research. It aims to make available data from projects that no longer have an online ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
