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Ursinae
Ursinae is a subfamily of Ursidae (bears) named by Swainson (1835). It was assigned to Ursidae by Bjork (1970), Hunt (1998), and Jin et al. (2007). Classification The genera '' Melursus'' and '' Helarctos'' are sometimes also included in ''Ursus''. The Asiatic black bear and the polar bear used to be placed in their own genera, ''Selenarctos'' and ''Thalarctos''; these are now placed at subgenus rank. * Subfamily Ursinae Fischer de Waldheim, 1817 ** †'' Aurorarctos'' Jiangzuo & Flynn, 2020 *** †''Aurorarctos tirawa'' Jiangzuo & Flynn, 2020 ** '' Helarctos'' Horsfield, 1825 *** ''Helarctos malayanus'' ( Raffles, 1821) – sun bear *** †'' Helarctos sinomalayanus'' (Thenius, 1947) ** '' Melursus'' Meyer, 1793 ***''Melursus ursinus'' ( Shaw, 1791) – sloth bear *** †'' Melursus theobaldi'' ( Lydekker, 1884) ** †'' Protarctos'' Kretzoi, 1945 *** †''Protarctos abstrusus'' (Bjork, 1970) *** †''Protarctos boeckhi'' ( Schlosser, 1899) *** †''Protarctos ruscinens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ursidae
Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family (biology), family Ursidae (). They are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans. Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout most of the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere. Bears are found on the continents of North America, South America, and Eurasia. Common characteristics of modern bears include large bodies with stocky legs, long snouts, small rounded ears, shaggy hair, plantigrade paws with five nonretractile claws, and short tails. While the polar bear is mostly carnivorous, and the giant panda is mostly herbivorous, the remaining six species are omnivorous with varying diets. With the exception of courtship display, courting individuals and mothers with their young, bears are typically solitary animals. They may be diurnality, diurnal or nocturnal and have an excellent sense of smell. Despite their heavy build and awk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aurorarctos
''Aurorarctos'' is an extinct North American genus of bears. It contains a single species, ''Aurorarctos tirawa'', which lived in the Middle Miocene (15–12.5 Mya). Its fossils were discovered in the Valentine formation and Myers Farm of Nebraska, and represent the earliest known member of the Ursinae, showcasing that basal members of this subfamily were small, but already showed adaptions towards increasing herbivory as well as an arboreal lifestyle The genus name combines the Latin words ''aurora'' (dawn) and Greek ''arctos'' (bear); the specific epithet references the creator god Tirawa in Pawnee mythology. Description ''Aurorarctos'' is much smaller than its extant relatives, and its weight has been estimated at 10-20 kg. The relative depth of its robust mandible is similar to that of modern bears, and much greater than in the stem ursid ''Ballusia elmensis''. It lacks both a marginal process and a premasseteric fossa. The cusps of its teeth are blunt and low-crowned. Its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melursus Theobaldi
The sloth bear (''Melursus ursinus''), also known as the Indian bear, is a myrmecophagous bear species native to the Indian subcontinent. It feeds on fruits, ants and termites. It is listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, mainly because of habitat loss and degradation. It is the only species in the genus ''Melursus''. It has also been called "labiated bear" because of its long lower lip and palate used for sucking up insects. It has long, shaggy fur, a mane around the face, and long, sickle-shaped claws. It is lankier than brown and Asian black bears. It shares features of insectivorous mammals and evolved during the Pleistocene from the ancestral brown bear through divergent evolution. Sloth bears breed during spring and early summer and give birth near the beginning of winter. When their territories are encroached upon by humans, they sometimes attack them. Historically, humans have drastically reduced these bears' habitat and diminished their population by hunting them ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melursus
The sloth bear (''Melursus ursinus''), also known as the Indian bear, is a myrmecophagous bear species native to the Indian subcontinent. It feeds on fruits, ants and termites. It is listed as Vulnerable species, vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, mainly because of habitat loss and Habitat degradation, degradation. It is the only species in the genus ''Melursus''. It has also been called "labiated bear" because of its long lower lip and palate used for sucking up insects. It has long, shaggy fur, a mane around the face, and long, sickle-shaped claws. It is lankier than brown bear, brown and Asian black bears. It shares features of insectivorous mammals and evolved during the Pleistocene from the ancestral brown bear through divergent evolution. Sloth bears breed during spring and early summer and give birth near the beginning of winter. When their territories are encroached upon by humans, they sometimes attack them. Historically, humans have drastically reduced these bears' habita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helarctos
The sun bear (''Helarctos malayanus'') is a bear species in the family Ursidae found in the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. It is the only species in the genus ''Helarctos'' and the smallest bear species, standing nearly at the shoulder and weighing . It is stockily built, with large paws, strongly curved claws, small, rounded ears and a short snout. The fur is generally short and jet black, but can vary from grey to red. The sun bear gets its name from its characteristic orange to cream-coloured chest patch. Its unique morphology—inward-turned front feet, flattened chest, powerful forelimbs with large claws—suggests adaptations for climbing. The most arboreal (tree-living) of all bears, the sun bear is an excellent climber and sunbathes or sleeps in trees above the ground. It is mainly active during the day, though nocturnality might be more common in areas frequented by humans. Sun bears tend to remain solitary, but sometimes occur in twos (such as a mother and her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sloth Bear
The sloth bear (''Melursus ursinus''), also known as the Indian bear, is a myrmecophagous bear species native to the Indian subcontinent. It feeds on fruits, ants and termites. It is listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, mainly because of habitat loss and degradation. It is the only species in the genus ''Melursus''. It has also been called "labiated bear" because of its long lower lip and palate used for sucking up insects. It has long, shaggy fur, a mane around the face, and long, sickle-shaped claws. It is lankier than brown and Asian black bears. It shares features of insectivorous mammals and evolved during the Pleistocene from the ancestral brown bear through divergent evolution. Sloth bears breed during spring and early summer and give birth near the beginning of winter. When their territories are encroached upon by humans, they sometimes attack them. Historically, humans have drastically reduced these bears' habitat and diminished their population by hunting them ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sun Bear
The sun bear (''Helarctos malayanus'') is a bear species in the Family (biology), family Ursidae found in the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. It is the only species in the genus ''Helarctos'' and the smallest bear species, standing nearly at the shoulder and weighing . It is stockily built, with large paws, strongly curved claws, small, rounded ears and a short snout. The fur is generally short and jet black, but can vary from grey to red. The sun bear gets its name from its characteristic orange to cream-coloured chest patch. Its unique Morphology (biology), morphology—inward-turned front feet, flattened chest, powerful forelimbs with large claws—suggests adaptations for climbing. The most Arboreality, arboreal (tree-living) of all bears, the sun bear is an excellent climber and sunbathes or sleeps in trees above the ground. It is mainly active during the day, though nocturnality might be more common in areas frequented by humans. Sun bears tend to remain solitary, b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helarctos Sinomalayanus
The sun bear (''Helarctos malayanus'') is a bear species in the family Ursidae found in the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. It is the only species in the genus ''Helarctos'' and the smallest bear species, standing nearly at the shoulder and weighing . It is stockily built, with large paws, strongly curved claws, small, rounded ears and a short snout. The fur is generally short and jet black, but can vary from grey to red. The sun bear gets its name from its characteristic orange to cream-coloured chest patch. Its unique morphology—inward-turned front feet, flattened chest, powerful forelimbs with large claws—suggests adaptations for climbing. The most arboreal (tree-living) of all bears, the sun bear is an excellent climber and sunbathes or sleeps in trees above the ground. It is mainly active during the day, though nocturnality might be more common in areas frequented by humans. Sun bears tend to remain solitary, but sometimes occur in twos (such as a mother and her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brown Bear
The brown bear (''Ursus arctos'') is a large bear native to Eurasia and North America. Of the land carnivorans, it is rivaled in size only by its closest relative, the polar bear, which is much less variable in size and slightly bigger on average. The brown bear is a sexually dimorphic species, as adult males are larger and more compactly built than females. The fur ranges in color from cream to reddish to dark brown. It has evolved large hump muscles, unique among bears, and paws up to wide and long, to effectively dig through dirt. Its teeth are similar to those of other bears and reflect its Dietary biology of the brown bear, dietary plasticity. Throughout the brown bear's range, it inhabits mainly forest, forested habitats in elevations of up to . It is omnivorous, and consumes a variety of plant and animal species. Contrary to popular belief, the brown bear derives 90% of its diet from plants. When hunting, it will target animals as small as insects and rodents to thos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protarctos
''Protarctos'' is an extinct genus of basal ursine bear that lived in North America and Eurasia during the Pliocene and into Early Pleistocene. Description Species of ''Protarctos'' were closer in size to the American black bear (''Ursus americanus'') and the Asian black bear (''U. thibetanus''). They differ from other ursines in the primitive nature of their dental morphology. Systematics Although some paleontologists recognized the species of ''Protarctos'' as members of the genus ''Ursus'', at least one phylogenetic analysis from Wang et al. 2017 found the genus to be an evolutionary grade outside the last common ancestor of the spectacled bear (''Tremarctos ornatus'') and the brown bear (''U. arctos''). The type species is ''Protarctos boeckhi'' (Schlosser, 1899), followed by species referred into the genus such as ''P. abstrusus'' (Bjork, 1970), ''P. yinanensis'' (Li, 1993), and ''P. ruscinensis'' (Depéret, 1890). Each of the species can be differentiated by slight differ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ursus (genus)
''Ursus'' is a genus in the family Ursidae (bears) that includes the widely distributed brown bear, the polar bear, the American black bear, and the Asian black bear. The name is derived from the Latin ''ursus'', meaning ''bear''. Taxonomy and systematics Extant species A hybrid between grizzly bears and polar bears has also been recorded. Known commonly as a pizzly, prizzly, or grolar bear, the official name is simply " grizzly–polar bear hybrid". Fossils * †''Ursus deningeri'' Richenau, 1904 * †'' Ursus dolinensis'' (Garcia & Arsuaga, 2001) * †'' Ursus etruscus'' Cuvier, 1823 * †'' Ursus ingressus'' Rabeder, Hofreiter, Nagel & Withalm 2004 * †'' Ursus kudarensis'' Baryshnikov, 1985 * †'' Ursus minimus'' (Devèze & Bouillet, 1827) * †'' Ursus pyrenaicus'' (Depéret, 1892) * †'' Ursus rossicus'' Borissiak, 1930 * †'' Ursus savini'' (Andrews, 1922) * †'' Ursus sackdillingensis'' Heller, 1955 * †'' Ursus spelaeus'' Rosenmüller, 1794 * †'' Ur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th Edition Of Systema Naturae
The 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'' (Latin; the English title is ''A General System of Nature'') is a book written by Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature. In it, Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature for animals, something he had already done for plants in his 1753 publication of ''Species Plantarum''. Starting point Before 1758, most biological catalogues had used polynomial names for the taxa included, including earlier editions of ''Systema Naturae''. The first work to consistently apply binomial nomenclature across the animal kingdom was the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae''. The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature therefore chose 1 January 1758 as the "starting point" for zoological nomenclature and asserted that the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'' was to be treated as if published on that date. Names published before that date are unavailable, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
