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Twelve Noble Families Of Crete
The twelve noble families of Crete or Twelve () is a legend ascribing the origin of the most prominent families of the Crete, Cretan nobility to a settlement of twelve scions of noble families of Constantinople on the island by a Byzantine emperor. Documentary basis of the legend The legend of the Twelve survives in six different documents in several versions, both in Greek and in Italian, which were collected in the 1900s by the German Byzantinist Ernst Gerland (''Histoire de la noblesse crétoise au Moyen Âge''). One of the documents purports to be a charter, dated to the year 1182, claiming that the Emperor "Alexios Komnenos the " sent his son Isaac to rule over Crete after a rebellion in the island, as well as twelve noble families as his aides and lieutenants. Isaac and the heads of the twelve families sign the document. The facts however do not fit the date: Emperor Alexios II Komnenos, who ruled in 1182, was indeed a , but was murdered in 1183 at only fifteen years of age, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crete
Crete ( ; , Modern Greek, Modern: , Ancient Greek, Ancient: ) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the List of islands by area, 88th largest island in the world and the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, Sardinia, Cyprus, and Corsica. Crete is located about south of the Peloponnese, and about southwest of Anatolia. Crete has an area of and a coastline of 1,046 km (650 mi). It bounds the southern border of the Aegean Sea, with the Sea of Crete (or North Cretan Sea) to the north and the Libyan Sea (or South Cretan Sea) to the south. Crete covers 260 km from west to east but is narrow from north to south, spanning three longitudes but only half a latitude. Crete and a number of islands and islets that surround it constitute the Region of Crete (), which is the southernmost of the 13 Modern regions of Greece, top-level administrative units of Greece, and the fifth most popu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikephoros II Phokas
Nikephoros II Phokas (; – 11 December 969), Latinized Nicephorus II Phocas, was Byzantine emperor from 963 to 969. His career, not uniformly successful in matters of statecraft or of war, nonetheless greatly contributed to the resurgence of the Byzantine Empire during the 10th century. In the east, Nikephoros completed the conquest of Cilicia and retook the islands of Crete and Cyprus, opening the path for subsequent Byzantine incursions reaching as far as Upper Mesopotamia and the Levant; these campaigns earned him the sobriquet "pale death of the Saracens". Early life and career Nikephoros Phokas was born around 912. From his paternal side, he belonged to the Phokas family which had produced several distinguished generals, including Nikephoros' father Bardas Phokas, brother Leo Phokas, and grandfather Nikephoros Phokas the Elder, who had all served as commanders of the field army ('' domestikos tōn scholōn''). From his maternal side he belonged to the Maleinoi, a p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Noble Families
Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all known varieties of Greek **Mycenaean Greek, most ancient attested form of the language (16th to 11th centuries BC) **Ancient Greek, forms of the language used c. 1000–330 BC **Koine Greek, common form of Greek spoken and written during Classical antiquity **Medieval Greek or Byzantine Language, language used between the Middle Ages and the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople **Modern Greek, varieties spoken in the modern era (from 1453 AD) *Greek alphabet, script used to write the Greek language *Greek Orthodox Church, several Churches of the Eastern Orthodox Church *Ancient Greece, the ancient civilization before the end of Antiquity *Old Greek, the language as spoken from Late Antiquity to around 1500 AD *Greek mythology, a body of myths or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Candia
The Realm or Kingdom of Candia (; ; ) or Duchy of Candia (; ; ) was the official name of Crete during the island's period as an Stato da Màr, overseas colony of the Republic of Venice, from the initial Venetian conquest in 1205–1212 to its fall to the Ottoman Empire during the Cretan War (1645–1669), Cretan War (1645–1669). The island was at the time and up to the early modern era commonly known as Candia after its capital, Candia or Chandax (modern Heraklion). In modern Greek historiography, the period is known as the Venetocracy (, or ). The island of Crete had formed part of the Byzantine Empire until 1204, when the Fourth Crusade dissolved the empire and divided its territories amongst the crusader leaders (see Frankokratia). Crete was initially allotted to Boniface I, Marquess of Montferrat, Boniface of Montferrat, but, unable to enforce his control over the island, he soon sold his rights to Venice. Venetian troops first occupied the island in 1205, but it took until ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revue De L'Orient Latin
The ''Revue de l'Orient Latin'' is a 12-volume set of medieval documents which was published from 1893–1911. It was a continuation of the ''Archives de l'Orient Latin'', two volumes of which were published from 1881–1884. Various medieval documents and letters from the sets are often cited in scholarly works about the Crusades. The ''Revue'' is often abbreviated ''ROL'' and the "Archives" are abbreviated ''AOL'', but often the two groups of documents are referred to together. The ''Archives'' were published in Paris. The ''Revue'' was the official journal of the archaeological foundation "Société de l'Orient latin" founded in 1875 by Count Paul Riant (1836–1888), and was published at the society's headquarters in Geneva. Initial publications were divided into geographical and historical series. The geographical portions contained the itineraries of pilgrims. The historical series included chronicles, letters, and charters. See also * Text publication society A text public ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conspiracy Of Sifis Vlastos
The Conspiracy of Sifis Vlastos () was a fifteenth-century planned rebellion against the Republic of Venice in the overseas colony of Crete, named after its chief instigator. Vlastos and his collaborators were betrayed to the Venetian authorities, who swiftly arrested and executed them in 1454. A smaller, follow-on plan for an intended uprising against Venice was dismantled in 1462. Background Crete under Venice Crete had been under Venetian rule since 1211, having been sold to Venice by Boniface of Montferrat at the time of the Fourth Crusade. Owing to its central location along the trade routes, its size and its products, Crete had a strategic importance for the Venetian rule in the Eastern Mediterranean. Occupied Crete was divided into fiefs and a colony known as the ''Kingdom of Candia'' () had been established, having as capital the city of Candia (present-day Heraklion). The land was distributed to Venetian colonists (both nobles and citizens) on the condition that they pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vlastos
The Vlastos family, also spelled Vlasto is the name of an old Greek Phanariote family of Byzantine origin, whose members played important political role in the history of Greece Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, North Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to th .... Notable members * Sifis Vlastos (?), fifteenth century Cretan rebel * Gregory Vlastos (1907–1991), scholar of ancient philosophy * Kostia Vlastos (1883–1967) Greek scion of a family of bankers * Nichi Vlastos (born 2000), American soccer player See also * Vlasto {{surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Of Candia
This is a list of rulers of the island of Crete throughout its history. Antiquity Crete was conquered for the Roman Republic by Quintus Caecilius Metellus Creticus in 69 BC and united with the Cyrenaica in the province of Creta et Cyrenaica until 193 AD, when it became a separate province. Roman governors of Creta et Cyrenaica Roman governors of Crete After the reforms of Emperor Diocletian in the 290s, Crete's governor held the rank of ''consularis''. Byzantine and Arab periods Crete became part of the East Roman or Byzantine Empire upon the partition of the Roman Empire in 395 AD. It remained in Byzantine hands until it was conquered by Andalusian exiles in the mid-820s and became an emirate, nominally under Abbasid suzerainty. The emirate became a major base for Muslim naval raids along the coasts of the Byzantine Empire, and several attempts at reconquest failed. The Byzantines finally retook the island in 961 under the leadership of Nikephoros Phokas, and held it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melissenos
The Melissenos family (), latinized Melissenus, feminine form Melissene (Μελισσηνή), latinized Melissena, was the name of a Byzantine noble family that flourished from the late 8th century on until the end of the Byzantine Empire and beyond. History The Melissenoi are one of the oldest known aristocratic Greek families of the middle Byzantine period. Genealogies from the 16th and 17th centuries trace the family to a ''patrikios'' Michael, relative of Michael I Rhangabe (reigned 811–813) and his son the ''magistros'' Leo, but the family stretches back another half-century to the general Michael Melissenos, a favourite of Emperor Constantine V (r. 741–775). This Michael married a sister of Constantine's wife, Eudokia, and their son, Theodore Kassiteras Melissenos, became Patriarch of Constantinople in 815–821. In the 9th–11th centuries, they were mostly active in Asia Minor, serving as generals and governors of the local themes. In the late 11th century, the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcus Musurus
Marcus Musurus (; ; – 1517) was a Greek scholar and philosopher born in Candia, Venetian Crete (modern Heraklion, Crete). Life The son of a rich merchant, Musurus became at an early age a pupil of Janus Lascaris in Venice. In 1505, Musurus was made professor of Greek language at the University of Padua. Erasmus, who had attended his lectures there, testifies to his knowledge of Latin. However, when the university was closed in 1509 during the War of the League of Cambrai, he returned to Venice where he filled a similar post. In 1512 he was made professor of Greek language in Venice: during this time he published through Aldus Manutius, a contemporary printer and publisher, his edition on Plato. This was the first time that the Dialogues were printed in Greek. In 1516, Musurus was summoned to Rome by Pope Leo X, where he lectured in the pope's ('' Gymnasium'') and established a Greek printing-press. In recognition of a Greek poem prefixed to the ''editio princeps'' of Plato, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mousouros Family
The Mousouros ( or , pl. ) or Musurus family was a Greek aristocratic family. Hailing from Venetian-ruled Crete, they later became one of the Phanariote families that played a significant role in the foreign affairs of the Ottoman Empire during the 19th century. Cretan family The Mousouroi are considered one of the twelve noble families of Crete, which according to tradition were settled on the island by the Byzantine emperors in the 11th or 12th centuries, although this tradition is most likely later invention. In the relevant documents, the family's ostensible founder, Leo Mousouros, appears in fourth or sixth place among the twelve founders. Although the Moousouroi claimed thus to be one of the most ancient families on the island, they are ill attested in later historical or epigraphical sources. Their most famous member was likely the Renaissance humanist Marcus Musurus. Ottoman family A branch of the family moved to Constantinople and entered service of the Ottoman Empire as o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantine Sebastos Skordyles
Constantine most often refers to: * Constantine the Great, Roman emperor from 306 to 337, also known as Constantine I * Constantine, Algeria, a city in Algeria Constantine may also refer to: People * Constantine (name), a masculine given name and surname Roman/Byzantine emperors * Constantine II (emperor) * Constantine III (Western Roman emperor) * Constantine III (Byzantine emperor) * Constantine IV * Constantine V * Constantine VI * Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus * Constantine VIII * Constantine IX Monomachos * Constantine X Doukas * Constantine XI Palaiologos Emperors not enumerated * Tiberius II, reigned officially as "Constantine" * Constans II, reigned officially as "Constantine" * Constantine (son of Leo V) * Constantine (son of Theophilos) * Constantine (son of Basil I) * Constantine Lekapenos * Constantine Doukas (co-emperor) * Constantine Laskaris (?) Other rulers * Constantine I, Prince of Armenia * Constantine II, Prince of Armenia * Constantine I, K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
