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Turbinectomy
A turbinectomy or turbinoplasty (preserving the mucosal layer) is a surgical procedure, that removes tissue, and sometimes bone, of the turbinates in the nasal passage, particularly the inferior nasal concha. The procedure is usually performed to relieve nasal obstructions.Ye T, Zhou B. Update on surgical management of adult inferior turbinate hypertrophy. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015 Feb;23(1):29-33. In most cases, turbinate hypertrophy is accompanied by some septum deviation, so the surgery is done along with septoplasty. Indications A turbinectomy is usually performed to resolve turbinate hypertrophy, where the turbinates are swollen and enlarged. Common causes of this condition are allergies, environmental irritants, or a deviated septum. Procedure Traditional methods There are many different techniques used in a turbinectomy, including electrocautery, cryotherapy (cryoturbinectomy), laser vaporization, and turbinoplasty. These require general anesthes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turbinate
In anatomy, a nasal concha (; : conchae; ; Latin for 'shell'), also called a nasal turbinate or turbinal, is a long, narrow, curled shelf of bone that protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose in humans and various other animals. The conchae are shaped like an elongated seashell, which gave them their name (Latin ''concha'' from Greek ''κόγχη''). A concha is any of the scrolled spongy bones of the nasal passages in vertebrates.''Anatomy of the Human Body'' Gray, Henry (1918) The Nasal Cavity. In humans, the conchae divide the nasal airway into four groove-like air passages, and are responsible for forcing inhaled air to flow in a steady, regular pattern around the largest possible ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nasal Concha
In anatomy, a nasal concha (; : conchae; ; Latin for 'shell'), also called a nasal turbinate or turbinal, is a long, narrow, curled shelf of bone tissue, bone that protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose in humans and various other animals. The conchae are shaped like an elongated seashell, which gave them their name (Latin ''concha'' from Greek ''κόγχη''). A concha is any of the scrolled spongy bones of the nasal cavity, nasal passages in vertebrates.''Anatomy of the Human Body'' Gray, Henry (1918) The Nasal Cavity. In humans, the conchae divide the nasal airway into four groove-like air passages, and are responsible for forcing inhaled air to flow in a steady, regular pattern around the largest possible surface area of nasal mucosa. As a cilium, ciliated mucous membrane with shallow blood supply, the nasal mucosa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inferior Nasal Concha
The inferior nasal concha (inferior turbinated bone or inferior turbinal/turbinate) is one of the three paired nasal conchae in the human nose, nose. It extends horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and consists of a wikt:lamina, lamina of spongy bone, curled upon itself like a scroll, (''turbinate'' meaning inverted cone). The inferior nasal conchae are considered a pair of facial bones. As the air passes through the turbinates, the air is churned against these mucosa-lined bones in order to receive warmth, moisture and cleansing. Superior to inferior nasal concha are the middle nasal concha and superior nasal concha which both arise from the ethmoid bone, of the cranial portion of the skull. Hence, these two are considered as a part of the cranial bones. It has two surfaces, two borders, and two extremities. Structure Surfaces The medial surface is wikt:convex, convex, perforated by numerous apertures, and traversed by longitudinal grooves for the lodgem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Septoplasty
Septoplasty (, "septum" + , "to shape"), or alternatively submucous septal resection and septal reconstruction, is a corrective surgical procedure done to straighten a deviated nasal septum – the nasal septum being the partition between the two sides of the nasal cavity. Ideally, the septum should run down the center of the nose. When it deviates into one of the cavities, it narrows that cavity and impedes airflow. Deviated nasal septum or “crooked” internal nose can occur at childbirth or as the result of an injury or other trauma. If the wall that functions as a separator of both sides of the nose is tilted towards one side at a degree greater than 50%, it might cause difficulty breathing. Often the inferior turbinate on the opposite side enlarges, which is termed '' compensatory hypertrophy''. Deviations of the septum can lead to nasal obstruction. Most surgeries are completed in 60 minutes or less, while the recovery time could be up to several weeks. Put simply, septop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somnoplasty
Somnoplasty is type of sleep surgery using radiofrequency ablation medical devices for habitual snoring, chronic nasal obstruction, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to shrink the tissues that are causing obstruction. Somnoplasty is typically an outpatient procedure that takes 30–45 minutes. Procedure Prior to somnoplasty procedure, a doctor may want a patient to attempt more conservative remedies such as sleeping in a different position. Once the Somnoplasty procedure is started, the patient is given a local anesthetic and a special needle-like electrode with an insulating sleeve covering all but the tip, that delivers RF energy under the surface of the tissue. The electrode is used to administer controlled, low-power RF energy to create coagulative (clotting) lesions, where tissue is denatured, beneath the mucosa (lining) of the targeted areas: * For chronic nasal obstruction, the turbinates are targeted * For habitual snoring, the soft palate and the uvula are targeted * Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Septoplasty
Septoplasty (, "septum" + , "to shape"), or alternatively submucous septal resection and septal reconstruction, is a corrective surgical procedure done to straighten a deviated nasal septum – the nasal septum being the partition between the two sides of the nasal cavity. Ideally, the septum should run down the center of the nose. When it deviates into one of the cavities, it narrows that cavity and impedes airflow. Deviated nasal septum or “crooked” internal nose can occur at childbirth or as the result of an injury or other trauma. If the wall that functions as a separator of both sides of the nose is tilted towards one side at a degree greater than 50%, it might cause difficulty breathing. Often the inferior turbinate on the opposite side enlarges, which is termed '' compensatory hypertrophy''. Deviations of the septum can lead to nasal obstruction. Most surgeries are completed in 60 minutes or less, while the recovery time could be up to several weeks. Put simply, septop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Anaesthesia
General anaesthesia (UK) or general anesthesia (US) is medically induced loss of consciousness that renders a patient unarousable even by painful stimuli. It is achieved through medications, which can be injected or inhaled, often with an analgesic and neuromuscular blocking agent. General anaesthesia is usually performed in an operating theatre to allow surgical procedures that would otherwise be intolerably painful for a patient, or in an intensive care unit or emergency department to facilitate endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. Depending on the procedure, general anaesthesia may be optional or required. No matter whether the patient prefers to be unconscious or not, certain pain stimuli can lead to involuntary responses from the patient, such as movement or muscle contractions, that make the operation extremely difficult. Thus, for many procedures, general anaesthesia is necessary from a practical point of view. The patient's n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nasal Obstruction
Nasal congestion is the partial or complete blockage of nasal passages, leading to impaired nasal breathing, usually due to membranes lining the nose becoming swollen from inflammation of blood vessels. Background In about 85% of cases, nasal congestion leads to mouth breathing rather than nasal breathing. According to Jason Turowski, MD of the Cleveland Clinic, "we are designed to breathe through our noses from birth—it's the way humans have evolved." This is referred to as " obligate nasal breathing." Nasal congestion can interfere with hearing and speech. Significant congestion may interfere with sleep, cause snoring, and can be associated with sleep apnea or upper airway resistance syndrome. In children, nasal congestion from enlarged adenoids has caused chronic sleep apnea with insufficient oxygen levels and hypoxia. The problem usually resolves after surgery to remove the adenoids and tonsils, however the problem often relapses later in life due to craniofacial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atrophic Rhinitis
Chronic atrophic rhinitis (often simply atrophic rhinitis) is a chronic inflammation of the nose characterised by atrophy of nasal mucosa, including the glands, turbinate bones and the nerve elements supplying the nose. Chronic atrophic rhinitis may be primary and secondary. Special forms of chronic atrophic rhinitis are rhinitis sicca anterior and ozaena. It can be described by empty nose syndrome. Signs and symptoms * It is most commonly seen in females. * It is reported among patients from lower socioeconomic groups. * The nasal cavities become roomy and are filled with foul smelling crusts which are black or dark green and dry, making expiration painful and difficult. * Microorganisms are known to multiply and produce a foul smell from the nose, though the patients may not be aware of this, because the nerve endings (responsible for the perception of smell) have become atrophied. This is called merciful anosmia. * Patients usually complain of nasal obstruction despite th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhinorrhea
Rhinorrhea (American English), also spelled rhinorrhoea or rhinorrhœa (British English), or informally runny nose is the free discharge of a thin mucus fluid from the nose; it is an extremely common condition. It is a common symptom of allergies (hay fever) or certain viral infections, such as the common cold or COVID-19. Rhinorrhea varies in color and consistency depending upon the underlying cause. It can be a side effect of crying, exposure to cold temperatures, cocaine abuse, or drug withdrawal, such as from methadone or other opioids. Treatment for rhinorrhea may be aimed at reducing symptoms or treating underlying causes. Rhinorrhea usually resolves without intervention, but may require treatment by a doctor if symptoms last more than 10 days or if symptoms are the result of foreign bodies in the nose. The term rhinorrhea was coined in 1866 from the Greek ''rhino-'' ("of the nose") and ''-rhoia'' ("discharge" or "flow"). Signs and symptoms Rhinorrhea is characterized by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epithelium
Epithelium or epithelial tissue is a thin, continuous, protective layer of cells with little extracellular matrix. An example is the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. Epithelial ( mesothelial) tissues line the outer surfaces of many internal organs, the corresponding inner surfaces of body cavities, and the inner surfaces of blood vessels. Epithelial tissue is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. These tissues also lack blood or lymph supply. The tissue is supplied by nerves. There are three principal shapes of epithelial cell: squamous (scaly), columnar, and cuboidal. These can be arranged in a singular layer of cells as simple epithelium, either simple squamous, simple columnar, or simple cuboidal, or in layers of two or more cells deep as stratified (layered), or ''compound'', either squamous, columnar or cuboidal. In some tissues, a layer of columnar cells may appear to be stratified d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Local Anesthesia
Local anesthesia is any technique to induce the absence of sense, sensation in a specific part of the body, generally for the aim of inducing local analgesia, i.e. local insensitivity to pain, although other local senses may be affected as well. It allows patients to undergo surgical and dentistry, dental procedures with reduced pain and distress. In many situations, such as caesarean section, cesarean section, it is safer and therefore superior to general anesthesia. The following terms are often used interchangeably: * ''Local anesthesia'', in a strict sense, is anesthesia of a small part of the body such as a tooth or an area of skin. * ''Regional anesthesia'' is aimed at anesthetizing a larger part of the body such as a leg or arm. * ''Conduction anesthesia'' encompasses a great variety of local and regional anesthetic techniques. Medical A local anesthetic is a medication, drug that causes reversible local anesthesia and a loss of nociception. When it is used on specific ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
