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Trucco
Trucco (also called trucks, troco,''Oxford English Dictionary''; see "troco" and "trucks" entries. or lawn billiards) is an Italian and later English lawn game, a form of ground billiards played with heavy balls, large-headed cues sometimes called ''tacks'', a ring (also called the ''argolis'' or ''port''), and sometimes an upright pin (the ''sprigg'' or ''king''). The game was popular from at least the 17th century to the early 20th century, and was a forerunner of croquet, surviving for a few generations after the introduction of the latter. History The oldest name in English seems to be ''trucks'' or ''truck'' from the Italian and Spanish , meaning ''. The game appears to be derived from and its offshoot pall-mall (the latter having been especially popular in England in the 16th and 17th centuries, as well as in western continental Europe); both were earlier ground billiards games, using mallets and often featuring a hoop target (then usually made of straw). Trucco was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troco Or Lawn Billiards
Trucco (also called trucks, troco,''Oxford English Dictionary''; see "troco" and "trucks" entries. or lawn billiards) is an Italian and later English lawn game, a form of ground billiards played with heavy balls, large-headed cues sometimes called ''tacks'', a ring (also called the ''argolis'' or ''port''), and sometimes an upright pin (the ''sprigg'' or ''king''). The game was popular from at least the 17th century to the early 20th century, and was a forerunner of croquet, surviving for a few generations after the introduction of the latter. History The oldest name in English seems to be ''trucks'' or ''truck'' from the Italian and Spanish , meaning ''. The game appears to be derived from and its offshoot pall-mall (the latter having been especially popular in England in the 16th and 17th centuries, as well as in western continental Europe); both were earlier ground billiards games, using mallets and often featuring a hoop target (then usually made of straw). Trucco was p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ground Billiards
Ground billiards is a modern term for a family of medieval European lawn games, the original names of which are mostly unknown, played with a long-handled mallet (the '), wooden balls, a hoop (the ''pass''), and an upright skittle or pin (the ''king''). The game, which cue-sports historians have called "the original game of billiards", developed into a variety of modern outdoor and indoor games and sports such as croquet, pool, snooker, and carom billiards. Its relationship to games played on larger fields, such as hockey, golf, and bat-and-ball games, is more speculative. As a broader classification, the term is sometimes applied to games dating back to classical antiquity that are attested via difficult-to-interpret ancient artworks and rare surviving gaming artifacts. History Dating back to at least the 15th century as a tabletop game, and in recognizable form to as early as the 14th, this proto-billiards game appears to have been ancestral to croquet (19th century), truc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pall-mall
Pall-mall, paille-maille, palle-maille, pell-mell, or palle-malle (, , ) is a lawn game (though primarily played on earth surfaces rather than grass) that was mostly played in the 16th and 17th centuries. It is considered a precursor to croquet. History Related to Italian (also known as lawn billiards or trucks in English) and similar games, pall-mall is an early modern development from , a French form of ground billiards. The name comes from the Italian , which literally means 'ball mallet', ultimately derived from Latin , meaning 'ball', and meaning ' maul, hammer, or mallet'. An alternative etymology has been suggested, from Middle French or 'straw-mallet', in reference to target hoops being made of bound straw. History in Britain It appears that pall mall was introduced from France into Scotland and later to England. The 19th-century historian Henry B. Wheatley states that "pall mall was a popular game in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and few large towns w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croquet
Croquet ( or ) is a sport which involves hitting wooden, plastic, or composite balls with a mallet through hoops (often called Wicket, "wickets" in the United States) embedded in a grass playing court. Variations In all forms of croquet, individual players or teams take turns striking the balls, scoring points by knocking them through a hoop. The game ends when a player or team reaches a predetermined number of points. Several variations exist that differ in when and how a stroke may be legally played, when points are scored, the layout of the lawn, and the target score. Commonly, social games adopt further non-standard variations to adapt play to the conditions. In all versions, players of all ages and genders compete on equal terms and are ranked together. Two versions of the game are directly governed by the World Croquet Federation, which organises individual and team World Championships. Other regional variants which developed in parallel remain common in parts of the w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enquire Within Upon Everything
''Enquire Within upon Everything'' is a how-to book, akin to a short encyclopedia for domestic life, first published in 1856 by Houlston and Sons of Paternoster Square in London. The editor was Robert Kemp Philp. It was then continuously reprinted in many new and updated editions as additional information and articles were added (and obsolete material sometimes removed). Topics The book was created with the intention of providing encyclopedic information on topics as diverse as etiquette, parlour games, cake recipes, laundry tips, holiday preparation, and first aid: To quote from the editor's introduction: Though not rich in such material, ''Enquire Within'' also provided the basics of an English-usage style guide, and also preserved examples of regional dialect usage (which it tended to mock as faulty). Several editions between the 1880s and 1910s provide one of the only surviving records of the rules of the English version of trucco, a somewhat croquet-like form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matilda Anne Mackarness
Matilda Anne Mackarness (''née'' Planché; 23 November 1825 – 6 May 1881) was an English novelist of the 19th century, primarily writing children's literature. Biography Matilda Anne Mackarness, born 23 November 1825, was the younger daughter of James Robinson Planché and of Elizabeth St. George. From an early age Miss Planché wrote novels and moral tales for children. As a novelist she took Dickens for her model and in 1845 she published ''Old Joliffe'' which was thought to be a satire of Dickens' 1844 Christmas story ''The Chimes''. The following year she published ''A Sequel to Old Joliffe''. In 1849 she published ''A Trap to Catch a Sunbeam'', a brightly written little tale with a moral, and it is on this production that her reputation chiefly rests. It was composed some three years before the date of publication, had gone through forty-two editions, by 1882, and has been translated into many foreign languages, including Hindustani. On 21 December 1852 Miss Planché ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Domain
The public domain (PD) consists of all the creative work to which no Exclusive exclusive intellectual property rights apply. Those rights may have expired, been forfeited, expressly Waiver, waived, or may be inapplicable. Because no one holds the exclusive rights, anyone can legally use or reference those works without permission. As examples, the works of William Shakespeare, Ludwig van Beethoven, Miguel de Cervantes, Zoroaster, Lao Zi, Confucius, Aristotle, L. Frank Baum, Leonardo da Vinci and Georges Méliès are in the public domain either by virtue of their having been created before copyright existed, or by their copyright term having expired. Some works are not covered by a country's copyright laws, and are therefore in the public domain; for example, in the United States, items excluded from copyright include the formulae of Classical mechanics, Newtonian physics and cooking recipes. Other works are actively dedicated by their authors to the public domain (see waiver) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umpire
An umpire is an official in a variety of sports and competition, responsible for enforcing the rules of the sport, including sportsmanship decisions such as ejection. The term derives from the Old French , , and , : (as evidenced in cricket">-4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appropriate to talk of the beginnings of French, that is, when it wa ... , , and , : (as evidenced in cricket, where dismissal decisions can only be made on appeal). shows up around 1350 before undergoing a linguistic shift known as false splitting. It was written in 1426–1427 as ; the ''n'' was lost with the ''a'' indefinite article becoming ''an''. The earliest version without the ''n'' shows up as , a variant spelling in Middle English, circa 1440. The leading ''n'' became permanently attached to the article, changing it to around 1475. The word was applied to the officials of many sports including baseball, association football (where it has been superseded by '' assist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boxwood
''Buxus'' is a genus of about seventy species in the family Buxaceae. Common names include box and boxwood. The boxes are native to western and southern Europe, southwest, southern and eastern Asia, Africa, Madagascar, northernmost South America, Central America, Mexico and the Caribbean, with the majority of species being tropical or subtropical; only the European and some Asian species are frost-tolerant. Centres of diversity occur in Cuba (about 30 species), China (17 species) and Madagascar (9 species). They are slow-growing evergreen shrubs and small trees, growing to 2–12 m (rarely 15 m) tall. The leaves are opposite, rounded to lanceolate, and leathery; they are small in most species, typically 1.5–5 cm long and 0.3–2.5 cm broad, but up to 11 cm long and 5 cm broad in ''B. macrocarpa''. The flowers are small and yellow-green, monoecious with both sexes present on a plant. The fruit is a small capsule 0.5–1.5 cm long (to 3 c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lignum Vitae
Lignum vitae (), also called guayacan or guaiacum, and in parts of Europe known as Pockholz or pokhout, is a wood from trees of the genus '' Guaiacum''. The trees are indigenous to the Caribbean and the northern coast of South America (e.g., Colombia and Venezuela) and have been an important export crop to Europe since the beginning of the 16th century. The wood was once very important for applications requiring a material with its extraordinary combination of strength, toughness, and density. It is also the national tree of the Bahamas, and the Jamaican national flower. The wood is obtained chiefly from '' Guaiacum officinale'' and '' Guaiacum sanctum'', both small, slow-growing trees. All species of the genus ''Guaiacum'' are now listed in Appendix II of CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) as potentially endangered species. ''G. sanctum'' is listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN Red List. Demand for the wood has been re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hathi Trust
HathiTrust Digital Library is a large-scale collaborative repository of digital content from research libraries. Its holdings include content digitized via Google Books and the Internet Archive digitization initiatives, as well as content digitized locally by libraries. Etymology ''Hathi'' (), derived from the Sanskrit , is the Hindi word for 'elephant', an animal famed for its long-term memory. History HathiTrust was founded in October 2008 by the twelve universities of the Committee on Institutional Cooperation and the eleven libraries of the University of California. As of 2024, members include more than 219 research libraries across the United States, Canada, and Europe, and is based on a shared governance structure. Costs are shared by the participating libraries and library consortia. The repository is administered by the University of Michigan. The executive director of HathiTrust is Mike Furlough, who succeeded founding director John Wilkin after Wilkin stepped down ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
