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Traditional Mathematics
Traditional mathematics (sometimes classical math education) was the predominant method of mathematics education in the United States in the early-to-mid 20th century. This contrasts with non-traditional approaches to math education. A comparison of traditional and reform mathematics curricula in an eighth-grade classroom Education, Summer 2003 by Alsup, John K., Sprigler, Mark J. Traditional mathematics education has been challenged by several reform movements over the last several decades, notably new math, a now largely abandoned and discredited set of alternative methods, and most recently reform mathematics, reform or standards-based mathematics based on NCTM standards, which is federally supported and has been widely adopted, but subject to ongoing criticism. Traditional methods The topics and m ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematics Education
In contemporary education, mathematics education—known in Europe as the didactics or pedagogy of mathematics—is the practice of teaching, learning, and carrying out Scholarly method, scholarly research into the transfer of mathematical knowledge. Although research into mathematics education is primarily concerned with the tools, methods, and approaches that facilitate practice or the study of practice, it also covers an extensive field of study encompassing a variety of different concepts, theories and methods. List of mathematical societies, National and international organisations regularly hold conferences and List of mathematics education journals, publish literature in order to improve mathematics education. History Ancient Elementary mathematics were a core part of education in many ancient civilisations, including ancient Egypt, Babylonia, ancient Babylonia, ancient Greece, ancient Rome, and Vedic civilization, Vedic Ancient India, India. In most cases, formal edu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Direct Instruction
Direct instruction (DI) is the explicit teaching of a skill set using lectures or demonstrations of the material to students. A particular subset, denoted by capitalization as Direct Instruction, refers to the approach developed by Siegfried Engelmann and Wesley C. Becker that was first implemented in the 1960s. DI teaches by explicit instruction, Explicit Instruction. LearnLab. Pittsburgh Science of Learning Center. Retrieved 2017-06-12. in contrast to exploratory models such as inquiry-based learning. DI includes tutorials, participatory laboratory classes, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homeschool
Homeschooling or home schooling (American English), also known as home education or elective home education (EHE) (British English), is the education of school-aged children at home or a variety of places other than a school. Usually conducted by a parent, tutor, or online teacher, many homeschool families use Informal education, less formal, more personalized and individualized methods of learning that are not always found in schools. The actual practice of homeschooling varies considerably. The spectrum ranges from highly structured forms based on traditional school lessons to more open, free forms such as unschooling, which is a lesson- and curriculum-free implementation of homeschooling. Some families who initially attended a school go through a deschooling process to decouple from school habits and prepare for homeschooling. While "homeschooling" is the term commonly used in North America, "home education" is primarily used in Europe and many Member states of the Commonweal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alan Schoenfeld
Alan Henry Schoenfeld (born July 9, 1947) is an American mathematics education researcher, consultant, and theorist. He was the Elizabeth and Edward Conner Professor of Education and Affiliated Professor of Mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley before retiring in 2023. Education and career Schoenfeld was raised in New York City and obtain a B.A. in mathematics at Queens College in 1968, and a M.S. (1968) and a Ph.D. (1973) in pure mathematics from Stanford University, working on topology and measure theory. During his graduate studies he became increasingly interested in the teaching and learning of mathematics, particularly of problem solving beyond routine exercises. He taught at the University of California, Davis (1973–1975), the University of California, Berkeley (1975–1978), Hamilton College (1978–81), and the University of Rochester (1981–1985) before moving back to the University of California, Berkeley where he was a Distinguished Professor in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conrad Wolfram
Conrad Wolfram (born 10 June 1970) is a British Technology, technologist and businessman known for his work in information technology and mathematics education reform. In June 2020, Wolfram released his first book, ''The Math(s) Fix: An Education Blueprint for the AI Age''. Education and early life Born in Oxford, England, in 1970, Wolfram was educated at Dragon School and Eton College where he learned to program on a BBC Micro. He was an undergraduate student at Pembroke College, Cambridge where he studied the Natural Sciences (Cambridge), Natural Sciences tripos graduating with a Master of Arts degree from the University of Cambridge. Career Wolfram has been a proponent of Computer-Based Math—a reform of mathematics education to "rebuild the curriculum assuming computers exist." and is the founder of computerbasedmath.org. He argues, "There are a few cases where it is important to do calculations by hand, but these are small fractions of cases. The rest of the time you sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calculator
An electronic calculator is typically a portable electronic device used to perform calculations, ranging from basic arithmetic to complex mathematics. The first solid-state electronic calculator was created in the early 1960s. Pocket-sized devices became available in the 1970s, especially after the Intel 4004, the first microprocessor, was developed by Intel for the Japanese calculator company Busicom. Modern electronic calculators vary from cheap, give-away, credit-card-sized models to sturdy desktop models with built-in printers. They became popular in the mid-1970s as the incorporation of integrated circuits reduced their size and cost. By the end of that decade, prices had dropped to the point where a basic calculator was affordable to most and they became common in schools. In addition to general-purpose calculators, there are those designed for specific markets. For example, there are scientific calculators, which include trigonometric and statistical calculat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calculus
Calculus is the mathematics, mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape, and algebra is the study of generalizations of arithmetic operations. Originally called infinitesimal calculus or "the calculus of infinitesimals", it has two major branches, differential calculus and integral calculus. The former concerns instantaneous Rate of change (mathematics), rates of change, and the slopes of curves, while the latter concerns accumulation of quantities, and areas under or between curves. These two branches are related to each other by the fundamental theorem of calculus. They make use of the fundamental notions of convergence (mathematics), convergence of infinite sequences and Series (mathematics), infinite series to a well-defined limit (mathematics), limit. It is the "mathematical backbone" for dealing with problems where variables change with time or another reference variable. Infinitesimal calculus was formulated separately ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Problem Solving
Problem solving is the process of achieving a goal by overcoming obstacles, a frequent part of most activities. Problems in need of solutions range from simple personal tasks (e.g. how to turn on an appliance) to complex issues in business and technical fields. The former is an example of simple problem solving (SPS) addressing one issue, whereas the latter is complex problem solving (CPS) with multiple interrelated obstacles. Another classification of problem-solving tasks is into well-defined problems with specific obstacles and goals, and ill-defined problems in which the current situation is troublesome but it is not clear what kind of resolution to aim for. Similarly, one may distinguish formal or fact-based problems requiring G factor (psychometrics), psychometric intelligence, versus socio-emotional problems which depend on the changeable emotions of individuals or groups, such as Emotional intelligence, tactful behavior, fashion, or gift choices. Solutions require suff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Mathematics
The history of mathematics deals with the origin of discoveries in mathematics and the History of mathematical notation, mathematical methods and notation of the past. Before the modern age and the worldwide spread of knowledge, written examples of new mathematical developments have come to light only in a few locales. From 3000 BC the Mesopotamian states of Sumer, Akkad (region), Akkad and Assyria, followed closely by Ancient Egypt and the Levantine state of Ebla began using arithmetic, algebra and geometry for purposes of taxation, commerce, trade and also in the field of astronomy to record time and formulate calendars. The earliest mathematical texts available are from Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt, Egypt – ''Plimpton 322'' (Babylonian mathematics, Babylonian – 1900 BC),Friberg, J. (1981). "Methods and traditions of Babylonian mathematics. Plimpton 322, Pythagorean triples, and the Babylonian triangle parameter equations", ''Historia Mathematica'', 8, pp. 277–318. the ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exploratory Research
Exploratory research is "the preliminary research to clarify the exact nature of the problem to be solved." It is used to ensure additional research is taken into consideration during an experiment as well as determining research priorities, collecting data and honing in on certain subjects which may be difficult to take note of without exploratory research. It can include techniques, such as: * secondary research - such as reviewing available literature and/or data * informal qualitative approaches, such as discussions with consumers, employees, management or competitors * formal qualitative research through in-depth interviews, focus groups, projective methods, case studies or pilot studies According to Stebbins (2001) "Social Science exploration is a broad-ranging, purposive, systematic prearranged undertaking designed to maximize the discovery of generalizations leading to description and understanding". His influential book argues that exploratory research should not use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Creativity
Creativity is the ability to form novel and valuable Idea, ideas or works using one's imagination. Products of creativity may be intangible (e.g. an idea, scientific theory, Literature, literary work, musical composition, or joke), or a physical object (e.g. an invention, dish or meal, piece of Jewellery, jewelry, costume, a painting). Creativity may also describe the ability to find Creative problem-solving, new solutions to problems, or new methods to accomplish a goal. Therefore, creativity enables people to Solves problem, solve problems in new ways. Most ancient cultures (including Ancient Greece, History of China#Ancient China, Ancient China, and Outline of ancient India, Ancient India) lacked the concept of creativity, seeing art as a form of discovery rather than a form of creation. In the Judeo-Christian-Islamic tradition, creativity was seen as the sole province of God, and human creativity was considered an expression of God's work; the modern conception of creativi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
