Trackless Tram (other)
Trackless tram may refer to: *Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit *Bi-articulated bus *Guided bus *Rubber-tyred tram *Trolleybus A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tramin the 1910s and 1920sJoyce, J.; King, J. S.; and Newman, A. G. (1986). ''British Trolleybus Systems'', pp. 9, 12. London: Ian Allan Publishing. .or troll ...

Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit
Autonomous rail rapid transit (ART) is a lidar (light detection and ranging) guided bi-articulated bus system for urban passenger transport. Developed and manufactured by CRRC through CRRC Zhuzhou Institute Co Ltd, it was unveiled in Zhuzhou in the Hunan province on June 2, 2017. ART is specifically referred to as a train or rapid transit as Lingang digital rail rapid transit and electric road by its manufacturer, however the public describes it as a bus or trolleybus and bus rapid transit. Its exterior is composed of individual fixed sections joined by articulated gangways, resembling a rubber-tyred tram and translohr. The system is labelled as "autonomous" in English, however, the models in operation are optically guided and feature a driver on board. Despite "rail" in the name, the system does not use rails. Automated rapid transit systems (ARTs) can operate independently without the need for a guiding sensor and as a result, they fall under the classification of ...
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Bi-articulated Bus
A bi-articulated bus or double-articulated bus and sometimes train-bus, tram-bus, trackless tram or double bendy bus is a type of high-capacity articulated bus with an extra axle and a second articulation joint, as well as extended length. Bi-articulated buses tend to be employed in high-frequency core routes or bus rapid transit schemes rather than in conventional bus routes. Design considerations Common bi-articulated buses resemble rail vehicles in design. They often have elevated train-type doors instead of traditional bus doors to use dedicated stations. Payment is typically made at a bus station using a fare gate rather than on the bus. Compared to using multiple smaller buses on a route, challenges using a bi-articulated bus include: * difficulties maneuvering in traffic * an increased turning radius * the need to have extended length station platforms * reduced frequency of service (one larger bus every 10 minutes rather than two regular sized buses coming once e ...
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Guided Bus
Guided buses are buses capable of being steered by external means, usually on a Bus lane, dedicated track or roll way that excludes other traffic, permitting the maintenance of Public transport timetable, schedules even during rush hours. Unlike railbuses, trolleybuses or rubber-tyred trams, for part of their routes guided buses are able to share road space with general traffic along conventional roads, or with conventional buses on standard bus lanes. Guidance systems can be physical, such as Curb (road), kerbs or guide bars, or Autonomous car, remote, such as optical or radio guidance. A guided buses line can be categorised as bus rapid transit and may be articulated bus and bi-articulated bus, allowing more passengers, but not as many as light rail or trams, which are not constrained to a regulated maximum size in order to freely navigate public roads. History Precursors The kerb-guided bus (KGB) guidance mechanism is a development of the early Wagonway#Plateways, flangew ...
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Rubber-tyred Tram
A rubber-tyred tram (also known as tramway on tyres, ) is a development of the guided bus in which a vehicle is guided by a fixed rail in the road surface and draws current from overhead electric wires (either via pantograph or trolley poles). Two incompatible systems using physical guide rails exist: the guided light transit (GLT) designed by Bombardier Transportation, and the translohr from Lohr Industrie (currently made by Alstom and FSI). There are no guide bars at the sides but there is a central guidance rail that differs in design between the systems. In the case of Translohr, this rail is grasped by a pair of metal guide wheels set at 45° to the road and at 90° to each other. In the GLT system, a single double-flanged wheel between the rubber tires follows the guidance rail. In both cases, the weight of the vehicle is borne by rubber tires to which the guide wheels are attached, which make contact with the road on concrete roll ways designed to minimise impa ...
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