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Tornado Damage Survey
A tornado damage survey, also known as a storm damage assessment, is a type of land survey that is conducted to determine the damage caused by tornadoes, and to give them ratings on the Enhanced Fujita scale. Damage surveys have been used since the 18th century to determine tornado-caused damage, and have become increasingly common following the implementation of the Fujita scale in 1971. History Although it is unknown when damage surveys began to be used to determine structural and property damage, one of the earliest known surveys was conducted by German scientist Gottlob Burchard Genzmer in the aftermath of the 1764 Woldegk tornado. Genzmer published a detailed survey of the damage path from the tornado, which documented the 33 km (18.6 mi) long track. The study, known as the "Genzmer Report", was the first to be conducted on a single tornado. Damage surveys would become more common in the 1960s and 1970s, when Ted Fujita pioneered the Fujita scale, used to deter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2013 Moore Tornado OCPD Image
Thirteen or 13 may refer to: * 13 (number) * Any of the years 13 BC, AD 13, 1913, or 2013 Music Albums * 13 (Black Sabbath album), ''13'' (Black Sabbath album), 2013 * 13 (Blur album), ''13'' (Blur album), 1999 * 13 (Borgeous album), ''13'' (Borgeous album), 2016 * 13 (Brian Setzer album), ''13'' (Brian Setzer album), 2006 * 13 (Die Ärzte album), ''13'' (Die Ärzte album), 1998 * 13 (The Doors album), ''13'' (The Doors album), 1970 * 13 (Havoc album), ''13'' (Havoc album), 2013 * 13 (HLAH album), ''13'' (HLAH album), 1993 * 13 (Indochine album), ''13'' (Indochine album), 2017 * 13 (Marta Savić album), ''13'' (Marta Savić album), 2011 * 13 (Norman Westberg album), ''13'' (Norman Westberg album), 2015 * 13 (Ozark Mountain Daredevils album), ''13'' (Ozark Mountain Daredevils album), 1997 * 13 (Six Feet Under album), ''13'' (Six Feet Under album), 2005 * 13 (Suicidal Tendencies album), ''13'' (Suicidal Tendencies album), 2013 * 13 (Solace album), ''13'' (Solace album), 2003 * 13 ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Chicago
The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, or UChi) is a Private university, private research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Its main campus is in the Hyde Park, Chicago, Hyde Park neighborhood on Chicago's South Side, Chicago, South Side, near the shore of Lake Michigan about from Chicago Loop, the Loop. The university is composed of an College of the University of Chicago, undergraduate college and four graduate divisions: Biological Science, Arts & Humanities, Physical Science, and Social Science, which include various organized departments and institutes. In addition, the university operates eight professional schools in the fields of University of Chicago Booth School of Business, business, Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice, social work, University of Chicago Divinity School, divinity, Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies, continuing studies, Harris School of Public Policy, public policy, University of Chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Case Studies On Tornadoes (2020–present)
This is a list of government or academic case studies on individual tornadoes or tornado outbreaks which occurred during the 2020s. A case study is an in-depth analysis which focuses on a single event, several events, and/or a specific aspect of an event. List Case studies published by academia are included in this list. As part of the United States National Weather Service's (NWS) and Environment and Climate Change Canada's (ECCC) official duties, they are required to conduct a damage survey on every tornado in the United States and Canada. For this reason, only publications by the NWS and ECCC beyond a standard damage survey are included as, on average, over 1,200 tornadoes occur annually in the two countries together. Tornado records in Europe are kept by the European Severe Storms Laboratory (ESSL) in the European Severe Weather Database. For this reason, only publications by ESSL outside of the database are included. See also * History of tornado research **Research on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Damage Assessment Toolkit Sscreenshot
Damage is any change in a thing, often a physical object, that degrades it away from its initial state. It can broadly be defined as "changes introduced into a system that adversely affect its current or future performance".Farrar, C.R., Sohn, H., Park, G.,Converting Large Sensor Array Data into Structural Health Information, in Andrew Smyth, Raimondo Betti, ''The 4th International Workshop on Structural Control'' (2005), p. 67. Damage "does not necessarily imply total loss of system functionality, but rather that the system is no longer operating in its optimal manner". Damage to physical objects is "the progressive physical process by which they break",Jean Lemaitre, ''A Course on Damage Mechanics'' (2013). and includes mechanical stress that weakens a structure, even if this is not visible. Physical damage All physical damage begins on the atomic level, with the shifting or breaking of atomic bonds, and the rate at which damage to any physical thing occurs is therefore lar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Weather Channel
The Weather Channel (TWC) is an American pay television television channel, channel owned by Weather Group, LLC, a subsidiary of Allen Media Group. The channel's headquarters are located in Atlanta, Georgia. Launched on May 2, 1982, the channel broadcasts weather forecasts and weather-related news and analysis, along with documentaries and entertainment programming related to weather. A sister network, Weatherscan, was a digital cable and Satellite television, satellite service that offered 24-hour automated local forecasts and Doppler weather radar, radar imagery. Weatherscan was officially shut down on December 12, 2022. The Weather Channel also produces outsourced weathercasts, notably for CBS News and RFD-TV. , the Weather Channel is available to approximately 68 million pay television households in the United States—down from its 2013 peak of 101 million households. Its influence continues to decline with growing access to smartphones and online sources. In August 2023, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2021 Western Kentucky Tornado
During the late evening hours of Friday, December 10, 2021, a devastating high-end Tornado intensity, EF4 tornado, sometimes referred to as the Western Kentucky tornado, Mayfield tornado, or The Beast, tracked a significant distance across Western Kentucky, United States, producing severe-to-catastrophic damage in numerous towns, including Mayfield, Kentucky, Mayfield, Princeton, Kentucky, Princeton, Dawson Springs, Kentucky, Dawson Springs, and Bremen, Kentucky, Bremen. This tornado was the second significant tornado in an exceedingly long-tracked tornado family; it began just inside northern Obion County, Tennesseea few miles after another 2021 Tri-State tornado, long-tracked tornado that traveled through northeast Arkansas, the Missouri Bootheel, and northwest Tennesseeand dissipated in western Obion County. After crossing into Kentucky, the tornado moved through eleven counties of the Jackson Purchase and Western Coal Field regions, at times becoming wrapped in rain during it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Storm Prediction Center
The Storm Prediction Center (SPC) is a US government agency that is part of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), operating under the control of the National Weather Service (NWS), which in turn is part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the United States Department of Commerce (DoC). Headquartered at the National Weather Center in Norman, Oklahoma, the Storm Prediction Center is tasked with forecasting the risk of severe thunderstorms and tornadoes in the contiguous United States. It issues #Convective outlooks, convective outlooks, #Mesoscale discussions, mesoscale discussions, and #Weather watches, watches as a part of this process. Convective outlooks are issued for the following eight days (issued separately for Day 1, Day 2, Day 3, and Days 4–8), and detail the risk of severe thunderstorms and tornadoes during the given forecast period, although tornado, hail and wind details are only available for Days 1 an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Weather Service
The National Weather Service (NWS) is an Government agency, agency of the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government that is tasked with providing weather forecasts, warnings of hazardous weather, and other weather-related products to organizations and the public for the purposes of protection, safety, and general information. It is a part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) branch of the United States Department of Commerce, Department of Commerce, and is headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland, within the Washington metropolitan area. The agency was known as the United States Weather Bureau from 1891 until it adopted its current name in 1970. The NWS performs its primary task through a collection of national and regional centers, and 122 local List of National Weather Service Weather Forecast Offices, Weather Forecast Offices (WFOs). As the NWS is an agency of the U.S. federal government, most of its products are in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fargo Tornado
During the late afternoon and evening hours of June 20, 1957, a violent, "long lived" (it was later confirmed that it was a tornado family) and deadly F5 tornado commonly known as the Fargo tornado, struck the north side of Fargo, North Dakota as well as the area north of Moorhead, Minnesota. It was part of a family of five devastating tornadoes produced by one supercell over the course of 3.5 hours, although they are listed as one continuous tornado. The tornado family started in North Dakota, traveled to the Minnesota border before crossing it and continuing for another for a total track length of . Additionally, at its widest point, the damage swath reached across. A total of 12 people were killed, making it the deadliest tornado in North Dakota history. Meanwhile, 103 others were injured, and damage was estimated at $25.25 million (1957 USD). It was part of a larger outbreak sequence of 23 tornadoes that affected the Midwest and Great Plains. Tornado summary The F5 torna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atomic Bombings Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki
On 6 and 9 August 1945, the United States detonated two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, respectively, during World War II. The aerial bombings killed between 150,000 and 246,000 people, most of whom were civilians, and remain the only uses of Nuclear warfare, nuclear weapons in an armed conflict. Surrender of Japan, Japan announced its surrender to the Allies on 15 August, six days after the bombing of Nagasaki and the Soviet–Japanese War, Soviet Union's declaration of war against Japan and Soviet invasion of Manchuria, invasion of Manchuria. The Japanese government signed an Japanese Instrument of Surrender, instrument of surrender on 2 September, End of World War II in Asia, ending the war. In the final year of World War II, the Allies of World War II, Allies prepared for a costly Operation Downfall, invasion of the Japanese mainland. This undertaking was preceded by a Air raids on Japan, conventional bombing and firebombing campaign that de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Land Surveying
Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, art, and science of determining the land, terrestrial Plane (mathematics), two-dimensional or Three-dimensional space#In Euclidean geometry, three-dimensional positions of Point (geometry), points and the Euclidean distance, distances and angles between them. These points are usually on the surface of the Earth, and they are often used to establish maps and boundaries for ownership, locations, such as the designated positions of structural components for construction or the surface location of subsurface features, or other purposes required by government or civil law, such as property sales. A professional in land surveying is called a land surveyor. Surveyors work with elements of geodesy, geometry, trigonometry, regression analysis, physics, engineering, metrology, programming languages, and the law. They use equipment, such as total stations, robotic total stations, theodolites, Satellite navigation, GNSS receivers, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AccuWeather
AccuWeather, Inc. is a private-sector American media company that provides commercial weather forecasting services. AccuWeather was founded in 1962 by Joel N. Myers. The company adopted the name 'AccuWeather' in 1971. AccuWeather is headquartered in Ferguson Township, just outside of State College, Pennsylvania, with offices at 80 Pine Street in Manhattan's Financial District in addition to Wichita, Kansas, and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Internationally, AccuWeather has offices in Tokyo, Beijing, Seoul, and Mumbai. The business model of the company is to take statistics and weather data compiled by federal agencies and federal government satellites and sell it to users in a more user-friendly, consumable format. AccuWeather has lobbied the US government to stop providing services for free to the public and to privatize the National Weather Service, thus enabling AccuWeather to provide those services at a charge instead. Company profile AccuWeather provides weather fore ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
