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Thematic Map
A thematic map is a type of map that portrays the geographic pattern of a particular subject matter (theme) in a geographic area. This usually involves the use of map symbols to Geovisualization, visualize selected properties of geographic features that are not naturally visible, such as temperature, language, or population. In this, they contrast with general reference maps, which focus on the location (more than the properties) of a diverse set of physical features, such as rivers, roads, and buildings. Alternative names have been suggested for this class, such as ''special-subject'' or ''special-purpose maps'', ''statistical maps'', or ''distribution maps'', but these have generally fallen out of common usage. Thematic mapping is closely allied with the field of Geovisualization. Several types of thematic maps have been invented, starting in the 18th and 19th centuries, as large amounts of statistical data began to be collected and published, such as Census, national census ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minard
Minard may refer to: Places: *Minard, Argyll, Scotland, United Kingdom **Minard Castle a castle in Argyll *Minard Castle (County Kerry) a castle in County Kerry, Ireland People with the surname: *Charles Joseph Minard (1781–1870), French civil engineer and noted pioneer in infographics *Chris Minard (born 1981), Canadian ice hockey player *David Minard (1913–2005), American physiologist *Joseph M. Minard (1932–2022), American politician from West Virginia *Lawrence Minard (1949–2001), American journalist See also *Menard (other) {{disambiguation, surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Map Symbolization
A map is a symbolic depiction of interrelationships, commonly spatial, between things within a space. A map may be annotated with text and graphics. Like any graphic, a map may be fixed to paper or other durable media, or may be displayed on a transitory medium such as a computer screen. Some maps change interactively. Although maps are commonly used to depict geographic elements, they may represent any space, real or fictional. The subject being mapped may be two-dimensional such as Earth's surface, three-dimensional such as Earth's interior, or from an abstract space of any dimension. Maps of geographic territory have a very long tradition and have existed from ancient times. The word "map" comes from the , wherein ''mappa'' meant 'napkin' or 'cloth' and ''mundi'' 'of the world'. Thus, "map" became a shortened term referring to a flat representation of Earth's surface. History Maps have been one of the most important human inventions for millennia, allowing humans t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isolines
A contour line (also isoline, isopleth, isoquant or isarithm) of a function of two variables is a curve along which the function has a constant value, so that the curve joins points of equal value. It is a plane section of the three-dimensional graph of the function f(x,y) parallel to the (x,y)-plane. More generally, a contour line for a function of two variables is a curve connecting points where the function has the same particular value. In cartography, a contour line (often just called a "contour") joins points of equal elevation (height) above a given level, such as mean sea level. A contour map is a map illustrated with contour lines, for example a topographic map, which thus shows valleys and hills, and the steepness or gentleness of slopes. The contour interval of a contour map is the difference in elevation between successive contour lines. The gradient of the function is always perpendicular to the contour lines. When the lines are close together the magnitude of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Population Density
Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (other), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopulation Density Geography.about.com. March 2, 2011. Retrieved on December 10, 2011. Biological population densities Population density is population divided by total land area, sometimes including seas and oceans, as appropriate. Low densities may cause an extinction vortex and further reduce fertility. This is called the Allee effect after the scientist who identified it. Examples of the causes of reduced fertility in low population densities are: * Increased problems with locating sexual mates * Increased inbreeding Human densities Population density is the number of people per unit of area, usually transcribed as "per square kilometre" or square mile, and which may include or exclude, for example, ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contour Map
A contour line (also isoline, isopleth, isoquant or isarithm) of a function of two variables is a curve along which the function has a constant value, so that the curve joins points of equal value. It is a plane section of the three-dimensional graph of the function f(x,y) parallel to the (x,y)-plane. More generally, a contour line for a function of two variables is a curve connecting points where the function has the same particular value. In cartography, a contour line (often just called a "contour") joins points of equal elevation (height) above a given level, such as mean sea level. A contour map is a map illustrated with contour lines, for example a topographic map, which thus shows valleys and hills, and the steepness or gentleness of slopes. The contour interval of a contour map is the difference in elevation between successive contour lines. The gradient of the function is always perpendicular to the contour lines. When the lines are close together the magnitude of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis-Léger Vauthier
Louis-Léger Vauthier (6 April 1815 – 5 October 1901) was a French engineer who designed bridges and roadways and was elected to the National Assembly of France in May 1849, as a member for the departement of Cher. Vauthier was born in Bergerac in the Dordogne department. Although deported for his revolutionary ideas, he became a civil engineer in Spain and then Switzerland before returning to Paris in 1861. He also spent several years in Recife, Brazil. He is known to have proposed an early idea for a "Chemin de fer circulaire intérieur" in 1865 Metropoliain by M Passion, Office Technique Graphique, Bibliothèque historique de la ville de Paris, 1988 - which would have formed an early Paris Metro. And again in 1872, 1886 and 1887 he put forward more ideas for an urban transit system in the capital. In cartography, he is also credited with one of the earliest (if not the first) thematic map to use contour line A contour line (also isoline, isopleth, isoquant or isarit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Dupin
Baron Pierre Charles François Dupin (; 6 October 1784, Varzy, Nièvre – 18 January 1873, Paris, France) was a French Catholic mathematician, engineer, economist and politician, particularly known for work in the field of mathematics, where the Dupin cyclide and Dupin indicatrix are named after him; and for his work in the field of statistical and thematic mapping. Palsky, Gilles.Connections and Exchanges in European Thematic Cartography. The case of XIXth century choropleth maps" ''Formatting Europe. Mapping a continent.'' 2007 In 1826 he created the earliest known choropleth map. Michael Friendly (2008)"Milestones in the history of thematic cartography, statistical graphics, and data visualization" Life and work He was born in Varzy in France, the son of Charles Andre Dupin, a lawyer, and Catherine Agnes Dupin. His elder brother is André Marie Jean Jacques Dupin. Dupin studied geometry with Monge at the École Polytechnique and then became a naval engineer ( ENSTA). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linguistic Map
A linguistic map is a thematic map showing the geographic distribution of the speakers of a language, or isoglosses of a dialect continuum of the same language, or language family. A collection of such maps is a linguistic atlas. The earliest such atlas was the ''Sprachatlas des Deutschen Reiches'' of Georg Wenker and Ferdinand Wrede, published beginning in 1888, followed by the ''Atlas Linguistique de la France'', of Jules Gilliéron between 1902 and 1910, the ''Linguistischer Atlas des dacorumänischen Sprachgebietes'' published in 1909 by Gustav Weigand and the ''AIS - Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz'' of Karl Jaberg and Jakob Jud, published 1928–1940. The first linguistic atlas of the US was published by Hans Kurath. The ''Linguistic Atlas of England'' was the result of the Survey of English Dialects, led by Harold Orton and Eugen Dieth. The first computerised linguistic atlas was the Atlas Linguarum Europae, first published in 1975. See also *''A Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geological Map
A geological map or geologic map is a special-purpose map made to show various geological features. Rock (geology), Rock units or stratum, geologic strata are shown by color or symbols. Bed (geology), Bedding planes and structural features such as fault (geology), faults, fold (geology), folds, are shown with strike and dip or trend and plunge symbols which give three-dimensional orientations features. Stratigraphy, Stratigraphic contour lines may be used to illustrate the surface of a selected stratum illustrating the subsurface topography, topographic trends of the strata. Isopach maps detail the variations in thickness of stratigraphic units. It is not always possible to properly show this when the strata are extremely fractured, mixed, in some discontinuities, or where they are otherwise disturbed. Symbols Lithologies Rock units are typically represented by colors. Instead of (or in addition to) colors, certain symbols can be used. Different geological mapping agencies an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnetic Variation
Magnetic declination (also called magnetic variation) is the angle between magnetic north and true north at a particular location on the Earth's surface. The angle can change over time due to polar wandering. Magnetic north is the direction that the north end of a magnetized compass needle points, which corresponds to the direction of the Earth's magnetic field lines. True north is the direction along a meridian towards the geographic North Pole. Somewhat more formally, Bowditch's American Practical Navigator, Bowditch defines variation as "the angle between the magnetic and geographic meridians at any place, expressed in degrees and minutes east or west to indicate the direction of magnetic north from true north. The angle between magnetic and grid meridians is called grid magnetic angle, grid variation, or grivation." By convention, declination is positive when magnetic north is east of true north, and negative when it is to the west. ''Isogonic lines'' are lines on the Earth' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meteorological Chart
Meteorology is the scientific study of the Earth's atmosphere and short-term atmospheric phenomena (i.e. weather), with a focus on weather forecasting. It has applications in the military, aviation, energy production, transport, agriculture, construction, weather warnings and disaster management. Along with climatology, atmospheric physics and atmospheric chemistry, meteorology forms the broader field of the atmospheric sciences. The interactions between Earth's atmosphere and its oceans (notably El Niño and La Niña) are studied in the interdisciplinary field of hydrometeorology. Other interdisciplinary areas include biometeorology, space weather and planetary meteorology. Marine weather forecasting relates meteorology to maritime and coastal safety, based on atmospheric interactions with large bodies of water. Meteorologists study meteorological phenomena driven by solar radiation, Earth's rotation, ocean currents and other factors. These include everyday weather like ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Star Chart
A star chart is a celestial map of the night sky with astronomical objects laid out on a grid system. They are used to identify and locate constellations, stars, nebulae, galaxies, and planets. They have been used for human navigation since time immemorial. Note that a star chart differs from an astronomical catalog, which is a listing or tabulation of astronomical objects for a particular purpose. Tools using a star chart include the astrolabe and planisphere. History Prehistory A variety of archaeological sites and artifacts found are thought to indicate ancient made star charts. The oldest known star chart may be a carved ivory Mammoth tusk, drawn by early people from Asia who moved into Europe, that was discovered in Germany in 1979. This artifact is 32,500 years old and has a carving that resembles the constellation Orion, although it could not be confirmed and could also be a pregnancy chart. German researcher Dr Michael Rappenglueck, of the University of Munich, ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
