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Technicolor
Technicolor is a family of Color motion picture film, color motion picture processes. The first version, Process 1, was introduced in 1916, and improved versions followed over several decades. Definitive Technicolor movies using three black-and-white films running through a special camera (3-strip Technicolor or Process 4) started in the early 1930s and continued through to the mid-1950s, when the 3-strip camera was replaced by a standard camera loaded with single-strip "monopack" color negative film. Technicolor Laboratories were still able to produce Technicolor prints by creating three black-and-white matrices from the Eastmancolor negative (Process 5). Process 4 was the second major color process, after Britain's Kinemacolor (used between 1909 and 1915), and the most widely used color process in Cinema of the United States, Hollywood during the Golden Age of Hollywood. Technicolor's #Process 4: Development and introduction, three-color process became known and cele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Color Motion Picture Film
Color motion picture film refers both to unexposed color photography, color photographic film in a format suitable for use in a Movie camera, motion picture camera, and to finished motion picture film, ready for use in a projector, which bears images in color. The first color cinematography was by additive color systems such as the one patented by Edward Raymond Turner in 1899 and tested in 1902. A simplified additive system was successfully commercialized in 1909 as Kinemacolor. These early systems used black-and-white film to photograph and project two or more component images through different color filter (optics), filters. During the 1930s, the first practical subtractive color processes were introduced. These also used black-and-white film to photograph multiple color-filtered source images, but the final product was a multicolored print that did not require special projection equipment. Before 1932, when three-strip Technicolor was introduced, commercialized subtractive p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Wizard Of Oz (1939 Film)
''The Wizard of Oz'' is a 1939 American Musical film, musical fantasy film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). Based on the 1900 novel ''The Wonderful Wizard of Oz'' by L. Frank Baum, it was primarily directed by Victor Fleming, who left production to take over the troubled ''Gone with the Wind (film), Gone with the Wind''. It stars Judy Garland, Frank Morgan, Ray Bolger, Bert Lahr, Jack Haley, Billie Burke, and Margaret Hamilton (actress), Margaret Hamilton. Noel Langley, Florence Ryerson, and Edgar Allan Woolf received credit for the screenplay, while others made uncredited contributions. The music was composed by Harold Arlen and adapted by Herbert Stothart, with lyrics by Yip Harburg, Edgar "Yip" Harburg. ''The Wizard of Oz'' is celebrated for its use of Technicolor, fantasy storytelling, musical score, and memorable characters. It was a critical success and was nominated for five Academy Awards, including Academy Award for Best Picture, Best Picture, winning Academy Awa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Blue Lagoon (1949 Film)
''The Blue Lagoon'' is a 1949 British coming-of-age romance and adventure film directed and co-produced by Frank Launder (with Sidney Gilliat) and starring Jean Simmons and Donald Houston. The screenplay was adapted by John Baines, Michael Hogan, and Frank Launder from the 1908 novel '' The Blue Lagoon'' by Henry De Vere Stacpoole. The original music score was composed by Clifton Parker and the cinematography was by Geoffrey Unsworth. The film tells the story of two young children shipwrecked on a tropical island paradise in the South Pacific. Emotional feelings and physical changes arise as they grow to maturity and fall in love. The film has major thematic similarities to the Biblical account of Adam and Eve. Plot In 1841, 8-year-old Emmeline Foster and 10-year-old Michael Reynolds, two British children, are the survivors of a shipwreck in the South Pacific. After days afloat, they are marooned on a lush tropical island in the company of kindly old sailor Paddy But ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbert Kalmus
Herbert Thomas Kalmus (November 9, 1881 – July 11, 1963) was an American scientist and engineer who played a significant role in developing color motion picture film. Kalmus was the co-founder and president of the Technicolor Motion Picture Corporation. Biography Kalmus received a bachelor's degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1904; the "Tech" in Technicolor is partly a tribute to that school. He earned his doctorate at the University of Zurich and was a research associate at MIT from 1908 to 1910 before teaching physics, electrochemistry and metallurgy at Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. He was also a director of research for the Canadian government's electro-chemical laboratory. On July 23, 1902, Kalmus married Natalie (''née'' Dunfee or Dunphy) Kalmus, who became the color coordinator for nearly every live-action Technicolor feature released from 1934 to 1949. Although they divorced in 1922 after twenty years of marriage, they continued ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dye-transfer Process
Dye transfer is a continuous-tone color photographic printing process. It was used to print Technicolor films, as well as to produce paper colour prints used in advertising, or large transparencies for display. History The use of dye imbibition for making full-color prints from a set of black-and-white photographs taken through different color filter (optics), filters was first proposed and patented by Charles Cros in 1880.Pénichon, Sylvie (2013). "Twentieth-Century Color Photographs: Identification and Care". The Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles. pp. 127-131. It was commercialized by Sanger Shepherd, Edward Sanger-Shepherd, who in 1900 was marketing kits for making color prints on paper and Slide projector, slides for projection. Imbibition printing was initially in monochrome. The basic underlying principle is that bichromate development of a silver gelatine photographic emulsion (not strictly a real chemical emulsion) results in the gelatine being differentially tanne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Adventures Of Robin Hood (film)
''The Adventures of Robin Hood'' is a 1938 American epic swashbuckler film from Warner Bros. Pictures. It was produced by Hal B. Wallis and Henry Blanke, directed by Michael Curtiz and William Keighley, and written by Norman Reilly Raine and Seton I. Miller. It stars Errol Flynn as the legendary Saxon knight Robin Hood, who in Richard I's absence in the Holy Land during the Crusades, fights back as the outlaw leader of a rebel guerrilla band against Prince John and the Norman lords oppressing the Saxon commoners. The cast also includes Olivia de Havilland, Basil Rathbone, Claude Rains, Patric Knowles, Eugene Pallette, and Alan Hale. Upon its premiere on May 14, 1938, ''The Adventures of Robin Hood'' was very well received by critics. The film was a commercial success; it grossed around $4 million at the box office, making it one of the highest grossers of 1938. At the 11th Academy Awards, it received four nominations, winning three— Best Art Direction (Carl Jules W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Niagara (1953 Film)
''Niagara'' is a 1953 American Film noir, noir Thriller film, thriller film directed by Henry Hathaway and produced by Charles Brackett. Brackett also wrote the screenplay alongside Walter Reisch and Richard L. Breen, Richard Breen. It stars Marilyn Monroe, Joseph Cotten, Jean Peters, Denis O'Dea, and Max Showalter (credited as Casey Adams). Set in Niagara Falls, the film tells the story of two couples: one, a pair of newlyweds on their honeymoon, and the other, a husband and wife whose turbulent marriage is wracked by jealousy and deceit. Unlike other films noir of the time, which were typically Black and white, black-and-white, ''Niagara'' was shot in Technicolor#Three-strip Technicolor, "three-strip" Technicolor (List of three-strip Technicolor films, one of the last films to be made at 20th Century Studios, 20th Century Fox in that format, as a few months later the Film studio, studio began converting to CinemaScope, which had compatibility problems with three-strip but not w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leave Her To Heaven
''Leave Her to Heaven'' is a 1945 American film directed by John M. Stahl, starring Gene Tierney, Cornel Wilde, Jeanne Crain, and Vincent Price. Adapted by screenwriter Jo Swerling from the 1944 novel of the same name by Ben Ames Williams, the film concerns a socialite whose marriage to a prominent novelist spurs a violent, obsessive, and dangerous jealousy in her. Shot in Technicolor, filming took place in several locations in California, as well as Arizona and New Mexico in the summer of 1945. ''Leave Her to Heaven'' was released in the United States theatrically on December 20, 1945. The film was a box-office hit, grossing over $8 million, and was 20th Century Fox, Twentieth Century-Fox's highest-grossing film of the entire decade. In the decades following its release, ''Leave Her to Heaven'' garnered a cult following and has been the subject of film criticism, critical analysis for its unique blurring of genres including the psychological thriller, melodrama (film genre), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daniel Frost Comstock
Daniel Frost Comstock (; August 14, 1883 – March 2, 1970) was an American physicist and engineer. Biography Comstock attained a B.S. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1904. He also studied in Berlin, Zürich, and Basel, where he attained his Ph.D. in 1906. At the University of Cambridge (1906–1907) he studied under J. J. Thomson. Beginning in 1904 he was a member of the faculty at MIT in theoretical physics (assistant professor 1910–1915; associate professor 1915–1917). Comstock is most well known as the co-founder of the company Kalmus, Comstock & Westcott, and of Technicolor Motion Picture Corporation, which developed the second major color film process, after Britain's Kinemacolor, and the most widely used color motion picture process in Hollywood from 1922 to 1952.Tom Huntington, AmericanHeritageFROM BLACK & WHITE TO TECHNICOLOR Comstock also published some theoretical papers in the fields of electrodynamics (1908), special relativity (1910a) (se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fantasia (1940 Film)
''Fantasia'' is a 1940 American Animated film, animated Musical film, musical anthology film produced by Walt Disney Productions, with story direction by Joe Grant and Dick Huemer and production supervision by Walt Disney and Ben Sharpsteen. It consists of eight animated segments set to pieces of classical music conducted by Leopold Stokowski, seven of which are performed by the Philadelphia Orchestra. Music critic and composer Deems Taylor acts as the film's Master of Ceremonies who introduces each segment in live action. Disney settled on the film's concept in 1938 as work neared completion on ''The Sorcerer's Apprentice'', originally an elaborate ''Silly Symphony'' cartoon designed as a comeback role for Mickey Mouse, who had declined in popularity. As production costs surpassed what the short could earn, Disney decided to include it in a feature-length film of multiple segments set to classical pieces with Stokowski and Taylor as collaborators. The soundtrack was recorded u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gulliver's Travels (1939 Film)
''Gulliver's Travels'' is a 1939 American animated Musical film, musical fantasy film produced by Fleischer Studios and released by Paramount Pictures. Loosely based on the first part of Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels, 1726 novel, it was the first of two feature-length animated films by Fleischer Studios and the second animated film produced by an American studio, commissioned by Paramount after the success of Walt Disney Productions' ''Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film), Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs'' (1937). The film was produced by Max Fleischer and directed by Dave Fleischer, with animation sequences directed by Seymour Kneitel, Willard Bowsky, Tom Palmer (animator), Tom Palmer, Grim Natwick, William Henning, Roland Crandall, Thomas Johnson, Robert Leffingwell, Frank Kelling, Winfield Hoskins, and Orestes Calpini. ''Gulliver's Travels'' premiered in New York City on December 20, 1939, and went into general release in the United States on December 22. It recei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Down Argentine Way
''Down Argentine Way'' is a 1940 American musical film made in Technicolor by Twentieth Century Fox. It made a star of Betty Grable in her first leading role for the studio although she had already appeared in 31 films, and it introduced American audiences to Carmen Miranda. It also starred Don Ameche, The Nicholas Brothers, Charlotte Greenwood, and J. Carrol Naish. The film was directed by Irving Cummings and produced by Darryl F. Zanuck from a screenplay by Karl Tunberg and Darrell Ware, based on a story by Rian James and Ralph Spence. The cinematography was by Leon Shamroy and Ray Rennahan, and the costume design was by Travis Banton. The American-composed music was by Harry Warren and Jimmy McHugh, with lyrics by Mack Gordon and Al Dubin. Choreography was done by Nick Castle. Shooting lasted for 10 months in which members of the film's crew traveled about 35,000 miles. A second unit was sent to Buenos Aires for location establishing shots, returning with about 20,000 feet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
