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Tang (fish)
Acanthuridae are a family (biology), family of ray-finned fish which includes surgeonfishes, tangs, and Naso (fish), unicornfishes. The family includes about 86 Extant taxon, extant species of ocean, marine fish living in tropical seas, usually around coral reefs. Many of the species are brightly colored and popular in aquarium, aquaria. Etymology and taxonomic history The name of the family is derived from the Greek words ''akantha'' and ''oura'', which loosely translate to "thorn" and "tail", respectively. This refers to the distinguishing characteristic of the family, the "scalpel" found on the caudal peduncle. In the early 1900s, the family was called Hepatidae. Subfamilies and genera Acanthuridae contains the following Neontology, extant subfamilies and genera: * Subfamily Nasinae Henry Weed Fowler, Fowler & Barton Appler Bean, Bean, 1929 ** Genus ''Naso (fish), Naso'' Bernard Germain de Lacépède, Lacépède, 1801 * Subfamily Acanthurinae Charles Lucien Bonaparte, Bonap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sohal Surgeonfish
The sohal surgeonfish (''Acanthurus sohal'') or sohal tang, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, which includes the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. This fish is found in the northwestern Indian Ocean. Taxonomy The sohal surgeonfish was first formally described in 1775 as ''Chaetodon sohal'' by the Swedish-speaking Finnish naturalist, explorer and orientalist Peter Forsskål with its type locality given as the Red Sea. Forsskål proposed '' Acanthuirus'' as a subgenus of ''Chaetodon'' although he recognised that it was probably different from ''Chaetodon'' even at the family level. In 1856 Desmarest designated ''Teuthis hepatus'', which had been described from a type now known to have been collected at Ambon Island in the Moluccas (other erroneous type localities were named) in 1758 by Linnaeus, as the type species of the genus. ''T. hepatus'' is a synonym of '' Paracanthurus hepatus'' and this would make ''Paracanthurus'' synon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Weed Fowler
Henry Weed Fowler (March 23, 1878 – June 21, 1965) was an American zoologist born in Holmesburg, Philadelphia, Holmesburg, Pennsylvania. He studied at Stanford University under David Starr Jordan. He joined the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia and worked as an assistant from 1903 to 1922, associate curator of vertebrates from 1922 to 1934, curator of fish and reptiles from 1934 to 1940 and curator of fish from 1940 to 1965. He published material on numerous topics including crustaceans, birds, reptiles and amphibians, but his most important work was on fish. In 1927 he co-founded the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists and acted as treasurer until the end of 1927. In 1934, he went to Cuba, alongside Charles Cadwalader (president of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia), at the invitation of Ernest Hemingway to study billfishes, he stayed with Hemingway for six weeks and the three men devel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Winterbottom (ichthyologist)
Richard Emanuel Winterbottom (22 July 1899 – 9 February 1968) was a British Labour Party politician. Born in Oldham, Lancashire, Winterbottom served in the Royal Navy during World War I. He became an area organiser for a predecessor of the Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers in 1931, then the national organiser in 1944. In 1950, he was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Sheffield Brightside, serving for his first year as Parliamentary Private Secretary to Ness Edwards Ness Edwards (5 April 1897 – 3 May 1968) was a trade unionist and Welsh Labour Party politician: he served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Caerphilly from July 1939 until his death. He was born in Abertillery, Monmouthshire, Wales, th .... Winterbottom remained in Parliament until his death in 1968. References *M. Stenton and S. Lees, ''Who's Who of British Members of Parliament, Volume IV 1945–1979'' * External links * 1899 births 1968 deaths Labour Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zebrasomini
Zebrasomini is a tribe of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Acanthuridae and it is one of three tribes in the subfamily Acanthurinae. Taxonomy Zebrasomini was first proposed as a taxon in 1933 by American ichthyologist Richard Winterbottom, Winterbottom delineated it as consisting of the two genera ''Zebrasomus'' and ''Paracanthurus'', alongside the monotypic tribe Prionurini and with the remaining two Acanthurine genera, ''Acanthurus'' and ''Ctenochaetus'', being classified in the tribe Acanthurini. These tribes make up the subfamily Acanthurinae which with the subfamily Nasinae make up the family Acanthuridae. Genera There are two genera within the tribe Zebrasomini: * ''Paracanthurus'' Bleeker, 1863 * '' Zebrasoma'' Swainson, 1839 Characteristics The Zebrasomini was defined by Winterbottom using similarities in the osteology of the skull between the two genera and in comparison to the other two Acanthurine tribes, they also have no scales on their larvae. W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prionurus
''Prionurus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Acanthuridae, the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs, although some of the species in this genus are called sawtails or doctorfish. The species in this genus are found in the Pacific Ocean with one species, ''P. biafraensis'', found in the Atlantic Ocean. Taxonomy ''Prionurus'' was first proposed as a monospecific genus in 1804 by the French naturalist Bernard Germain de Lacépède when he described ''Prionurus microlepidotus''. Lacépède did not give a type locality but the type was collected by François Péron off New South Wales. The genus ''Prionurus'' is the only genus in the tribe Prionurini which is one of three tribes in the subfamily Acanthurinae which is one of two subfamiles in the family Acanthuridae. Etymology ''Prionurus'' means "sawtail" a reference to the 3 to 7 immobile keeled bony plates on each side of the caudal peduncle. Species There are currently seven recognized species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodore Gill
Theodore Nicholas Gill (March 21, 1837 – September 25, 1914) was an American ichthyologist, mammalogist, malacologist, and librarian. Career Born and educated in New York City under private tutors, Gill early showed interest in natural history. He was associated with J. Carson Brevoort in the arrangement of the latter's entomological and ichthyological collections before going to Washington, DC, in 1863 to work at the Smithsonian Institution. He catalogued mammals, fishes, and mollusks most particularly, although he maintained proficiency in other orders of animals. He was librarian at the Smithsonian and also senior assistant to the Library of Congress. He was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1867. Gill was professor of zoology at George Washington University. He was also a member of the Megatherium Club at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC. Fellow members frequently mocked him for his vanity. He was president of the American Asso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ctenochaetus
''Ctenochaetus'', or bristletooth tangs, is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, which includes the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. These fishes are found in the Indo-Pacific region. They have many, small flexible teeth and some species have the common name bristletooth. Taxonomy ''Ctenochaetus'' was first proposed as a genus in 1884 by the American biologist Theodore Gill with ''Acanthurus strigosus'' as its type species. ''A. strigosus'' had originally been described in 1828 by Edward Turner Bennett from the Sandwich Islands. Paraphyly It has been proposed that this genus and ''Acanthurus'' should be merged as otherwise ''Acanthurus'' is paraphyletic. ''Ctenochaetus'' species all nest within ''Acanthurus'', while '' A. nubilis'' and '' A. pyroferus'' are furthermore nested within ''Ctenochaetus''. The 5th edition of ''Fishes of the World'' recognises these two genera as valid and classifies them as the two genera in the tribe Acan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Forsskål
Peter Forsskål, sometimes spelled Pehr Forsskål, Peter Forskaol, Petrus Forskål or Pehr Forsskåhl (11 January 1732 – 11 July 1763) was a Sweden, Swedish exploration, explorer, oriental studies, orientalist, natural history, naturalist, and an Apostles of Linnaeus, apostle of Carl Linnaeus. Early life Forsskål was born in Helsinki, now in Finland but then a part of Sweden, where his father, the priest , was serving as a Lutheran clergyman, but the family moved to Sweden in 1741 when the father was appointed to the parish of :sv:Tegelsmora församling, Tegelsmora in Uppland and the Archbishop of Uppsala, archdiocese of Uppsala. As was common at the time, he enrolled at Uppsala University at a young age in 1742, but returned home for some time and, after studies on his own, rematriculated in Uppsala in 1751, where he completed a Theology, theological degree the same year. Linnaeus's disciple In Uppsala Forsskål was one of the students of Carl Linnaeus, Linnaeus, but appare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acanthurus
''Acanthurus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, which includes the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs, found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean. They are found in tropical oceans, especially near coral reefs, with most species in the Indo-Pacific but a few are found in the Atlantic Ocean. As other members of the family, they have a pair of spines, one on either side of the base of the tail which are dangerously sharp. Taxonomy ''Acanthurus'' was first proposed as a subgenus of ''Chaetodon'' in 1775 by the Swedish-speaking Finnish explorer, orientalist and naturalist Peter Forsskål, although he recognised that it was probably different from ''Chaetodon'' even at the family level. In 1856 Desmarest designated ''Teuthis hepatus'', which had been described from a type now known to have been collected at Ambon Island in the Moluccas (other erroneous type localities were named) in 1758 by Linnaeus, as the type species of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Hubbard Scudder
Samuel Hubbard Scudder (April 13, 1837 – May 17, 1911) was an American entomologist and paleontologist. He was a leading figure in entomology during his lifetime and the founder of insect paleontology in America. In addition to fossil insects, he was an authority on butterflies (Lepidoptera) and grasshoppers (Orthoptera). Biography Scudder was born on April 13, 1837, in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of Charles Scudder and Sarah Lathrop (Coit) Scudder. His father was a successful merchant, and both parents had Puritan roots dating back to the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony in the 1620s. He was raised in a strict Calvinist Congregational household.Leach (2013) One of his younger brothers, Horace Scudder, became a noted author and editor of the ''Atlantic Monthly'',Cockerell (1911) while his niece Vida Dutton Scudder was a writer and social activist. Scudder attended Boston Latin School, and then enrolled in Williams College in 1853 at the age of 16. He studied with na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acanthurini
Acanthurini is a tribe of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Acanthuridae and it is one of three tribes in the subfamily Acanthurinae. Taxonomy Acanthurini was first proposed as a taxon in 1839 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte and in 1993 it was delineated by the American ichthyologist Richard Winterbottom as consisting of the two genera ''Acanthurus'' and ''Ctaenochaetus'', alongside the monotypic tribe Prionurini and with the remaining two Acanthurine genera, '' Zebrasoma'' and ''Paracanthurus'', being classified in the tribe Zebrasomini. These tribes make up the subfamily Acanthurinae which with the subfamily Nasinae make up the family Acanthuridae. Genera There are two genera within the tribe Acanthurini: * ''Acanthurus'' Forsskål 1775 * ''Ctenochaetus'' Gill A gill () is a respiration organ, respiratory organ that many aquatic ecosystem, aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
