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Strong Beer
Strong beer is a term for beer that is in some way more potent than regular beer. The concept is only generally used in some countries, and local tax laws often define what constitutes strong beer. Strong beer by country Finland In Finland, strong beer was usually defined as beer in the tax class IV, or colloquially as "A-beer" (after the tax class IV A), with an alcohol content of a minimum of 4.8% by volume. There were two separate subclasses of the tax class IV, of which IV A had an alcohol content of between 4.8% and 5.8% by volume, and class IV B had an alcohol content of at least 5.9% by volume. These classes no longer have a real meaning in taxation, as the tax classes were abolished in 1995. Therefore the tax classes are shown on Finnish beers only for traditional reasons. For a long time, strong beer was only sold in Alko stores and restaurants, but since 2018 beer with an alcohol content of up to 4.7% can be bought at grocery stores. Sweden In Sweden, strong beer is defin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beer
Beer is an alcoholic beverage produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches from cereal grain—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize (corn), rice, and oats are also used. The grain is mashed to convert starch in the grain to sugars, which dissolve in water to form wort. Fermentation of the wort by yeast produces ethanol and carbonation in the beer. Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and one of the most popular of all drinks. Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilising agent. Other flavouring agents, such as gruit, herbs, or fruits, may be included or used instead of hops. In commercial brewing, natural carbonation is often replaced with forced carbonation. Beer is distributed in bottles and cans, and is commonly available on draught in pubs and bars. The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liquor
Liquor ( , sometimes hard liquor), spirits, distilled spirits, or spiritous liquor are alcoholic drinks produced by the distillation of grains, fruits, vegetables, or sugar that have already gone through ethanol fermentation, alcoholic fermentation. While the word ''liquor'' ordinarily refers to distilled alcoholic spirits rather than drinks produced by fermentation alone, it can sometimes be used more broadly to refer to any alcoholic beverage (or even non-alcoholic ones produced by distillation or some other practices, such as the brewed liquor of a tea). The distillation process concentrates the alcohol, the resulting condensate has an increased alcohol by volume. As liquors contain significantly more alcohol (drug), alcohol (ethanol) than other alcoholic drinks, they are considered "harder". In North America, the term ''hard liquor'' is sometimes used to distinguish distilled alcoholic drinks from non-distilled ones, whereas the term ''spirits'' is more commonly used in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vinmonopolet
Vinmonopolet (), symbolized by â“‹ and colloquially shortened to Polet, is a government-owned alcoholic beverage retailer and the only company allowed to sell beverages containing an alcohol content higher than 4.75% in Norway. As the arm of the Norwegian government policy to limit the citizens' consumption of alcohol, primarily by means of high cost and limited access, the primary goal of Vinmonopolet is to responsibly perform the distribution of alcoholic goods while limiting the motive of private economic profit from the alcohol industry. Equally significant is the social responsibility of Vinmonopolet, to prevent the sale of alcohol to minors and visibly inebriated customers. Outlets, located across the country from cities to smaller communities, typically close business earlier than other shops, typically weekdays at 6 pm and Saturdays at 4 pm. In 2020 Vinmonopolet sold of beverages. Foundation The institution was founded in 1922 as a government-owned company as the re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bock
Bock () is a strong German beer, usually a dark lager. History The style now known as ''Bock'' was first brewed in the 14th century in the Hanseatic town of Einbeck in Lower Saxony. The style was later adopted in Bavaria by Munich brewers in the 17th century. Due to their Bavarian accent, citizens of Munich pronounced "Einbeck" as "ein Bock" ("a billy goat"), and thus the beer became known as "Bock". A goat often appears on bottle labels. Bock is historically associated with special occasions, often religious festivals such as Christmas, Easter, or Lent ('). Bock has a long history of being brewed and consumed by Bavarian monks as a source of nutrition during times of fasting. Styles Substyles of Bock include: *Maibock (''May Bock''), a paler, more hopped version generally made for consumption at spring festivals. Due to its lighter colour, it is also referred to as Heller Bock; from German ''hell'' (bright, light in colour). *Doppelbock (''Double Bock''), a stronger and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pilsner
Pilsner (also pilsener or simply pils) is a type of pale lager. It takes its name from the Bohemian city of Plzeň (), where the world's first pale lager (now known as Pilsner Urquell) was produced in 1842 by Pilsner Urquell Brewery. History Origin The city of Plzeň was granted brewing rights in 1307. Until the mid-1840s, most Bohemian beers were top-brewing#Fermenting, fermented. The Pilsner Urquell Brewery, originally called in (, ), is where Pilsen beer was first brewed. Brewers had begun aging beer made with cool fermenting yeasts in caves (lager, i.e., [stored]), which improved the beer's clarity and shelf-life. Part of this research benefited from the knowledge already expounded on in a book (printed in German in 1794, in Czech in 1799) written by Czech brewer () (1753–1805) from Brno. The Plzeň brewery recruited the Bavarian brewer Josef Groll (1813–1887) who, using the local ingredients, produced the first batch of pale lager on 5 October 1842. The combinat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alcohol Content
Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of Alcohol (drug), alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, divided by the volume of the solution, both at . Pure ethanol is lighter than water, with a density of . The alc/vol standard is used worldwide. The International Organization of Legal Metrology has ethanol (data page)#Properties of aqueous ethanol solutions, tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures. In some countries, e.g. France, alcohol by volume is often referred to as degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac), although there is a slight difference since the Gay-Lussac convention uses the International Standard Atmosphere value for temperature, . Volume change Mixing two solutions of alcohol of different strengths usually causes a change in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of Norway. Bouvet Island, located in the Subantarctic, is a Dependencies of Norway, dependency, and not a part of the Kingdom; Norway also Territorial claims in Antarctica, claims the Antarctic territories of Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land. Norway has a population of 5.6 million. Its capital and largest city is Oslo. The country has a total area of . The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden, and is bordered by Finland and Russia to the northeast. Norway has an extensive coastline facing the Skagerrak strait, the North Atlantic Ocean, and the Barents Sea. The unified kingdom of Norway was established in 872 as a merger of Petty kingdoms of Norway, petty kingdoms and has existed continuously for years. From 1537 to 1814, Norway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Low-alcohol Beer
Low-alcohol beer is beer with little or no alcohol by volume that aims to reproduce the taste of beer while eliminating or reducing the inebriating effect, carbohydrates, and calories of regular alcoholic brews. Low-alcohol beers can come in different beer styles such as lagers, Stout, stouts, and ales. Low-alcohol beer is also known as light beer, non-alcoholic beer, small beer, small ale, or near-beer. History Low-alcohol brews such as small beer date back at least to Middle Ages, medieval Europe, where they served as a less risky alternative to water (which often was polluted by faeces and parasites) and were less expensive than higher-quality, higher-alcohol brews like stouts, porters, and ales. More recently, the temperance movements and the need to avoid alcohol (drug), alcohol while driving, operating machinery, taking certain medications, etc. led to the development of non-intoxicating beers. In the United States, according to John Naleszkiewicz, non-alcoholic brews were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Åke Elmér
Åke is a masculine Swedish given name, possibly derived from the medieval Germanic name ''Anicho'', derived from ''ano'' meaning "ancestor". In Sweden, May 8 is the Name day for Åke. There are variant spellings, including the Danish/ Norwegian ''Åge'' or ''Aage''. Åke is uncommon as a surname. People with the name Åke include: *Åke Åkerström (1902–1991), Swedish archaeologist and classical scholar * Åke Andersson (1906–1982), Swedish footballer * Åke Andersson (1917–1983), Swedish footballer * Åke Andersson (1918–1982), Swedish ice hockey player, footballer, bandy player, and coach * Åke Andersson (1925–2005), Swedish long-distance runner * Åke Andersson (born 1936), Swedish speedway rider *Åke Backström (1919–2005), Finnish diplomat *Åke Bergman (1896–1941), Swedish swimmer *Åke Bergqvist (1900–1975), Swedish Olympic sailor *Åke Berntsson (1934–2016), Swedish rower *Åke Bonnier (born 1957), Swedish Bishop *Åke Borg (1901–1973), Swedish s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pharmacy
Pharmacy is the science and practice of discovering, producing, preparing, dispensing, reviewing and monitoring medications, aiming to ensure the safe, effective, and affordable use of medication, medicines. It is a miscellaneous science as it links health sciences with pharmaceutical sciences and natural sciences. The professional practice is becoming more clinically oriented as most of the drugs are now manufactured by pharmaceutical industries. Based on the setting, pharmacy practice is either classified as community or institutional pharmacy. Providing direct patient care in the community of institutional pharmacies is considered clinical pharmacy. The scope of pharmacy practice includes more traditional roles such as compounding and dispensing of medications. It also includes more modern services related to health care including clinical services, reviewing medications for safety and efficacy, and providing drug information with patient counselling. Pharmacists, therefore, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
