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Straight-twin Engine With Different Crank Shaft Angles
A straight-twin engine, also known as an inline-twin, vertical-twin, inline-2, or parallel-twin, is a two-cylinder piston engine whose cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. Straight-twin engines are primarily used in motorcycles; other uses include automobiles, marine vessels, snowmobiles, jet skis, all-terrain vehicles, tractors and ultralight aircraft. Various different crankshaft configurations have been used for straight-twin engines, with the most common being 360 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees. Terminology The straight-twin layout is also referred to as "parallel-twin", "vertical-twin" and "inline-twin". Some of these terms originally had specific meanings relating to the crankshaft angle or engine orientation; however, they are often also used interchangeably. In the United Kingdom, the term "parallel-twin" is traditionally used for engines with a crankshaft angle of 360 degrees, since the two pistons are in the same direction (i.e. paralle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rovena 250 1964 - Hispano Villiers Engine
Rovena is a given name and surname. Notable people with the name include: * Rovena Stefa (born 1979), Albanian singer * Rovena Marku, Olympic freestyle swimmer from Albania * Marcella Rovena, Italian film and voice actress See also * ''Cheneya rovena'', a moth in the family Bombycidae RoVena a NGO dedicated to education opportunities for Rohingya refugees {{given name, type=both ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yamaha TX750
The TX750 is a two-cylinder standard motorcycle built by Yamaha. The bike was released in 1972. Significant reliability problems affected the engines in early bikes. Yamaha made several changes to solve the problems but the bike was withdrawn from most markets after 1974 and production stopped in the home market after 1975. Chassis and suspension The TX750 had a double-cradle frame of tubular steel. Front suspension was a hydraulically damped telescopic fork with of travel and coil springs with a rate of . There were no gaiters on the standpipes. A vane-type steering damper was fitted. At the rear was a steel swing-arm that rode in plain bearings. Springing and damping were provided by dual shock absorbers and progressively wound coil springs whose rate varied from and provided of travel. The rear-shocks were five-way adjustable units. The TX750 was the first Yamaha road bike to have aluminum wheel rims. The rims were copies of Akront valanced rims made by DID. In Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fundamental Frequency
The fundamental frequency, often referred to simply as the ''fundamental'' (abbreviated as 0 or 1 ), is defined as the lowest frequency of a Periodic signal, periodic waveform. In music, the fundamental is the musical pitch (music), pitch of a note that is perceived as the lowest Harmonic series (music)#Partial, partial present. In terms of a superposition of Sine wave, sinusoids, the fundamental frequency is the lowest frequency sinusoidal in the sum of harmonically related frequencies, or the frequency of the difference between adjacent frequencies. In some contexts, the fundamental is usually abbreviated as 0, indicating the lowest frequency Zero-based numbering, counting from zero. In other contexts, it is more common to abbreviate it as 1, the first harmonic. (The second harmonic is then 2 = 2⋅1, etc.) According to Benward and Saker's ''Music: In Theory and Practice'': Explanation All sinusoidal and many non-sinusoidal waveforms repeat exactly over time – they are per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Two-stroke Engine
A two-stroke (or two-stroke cycle) engine is a type of internal combustion engine that completes a Thermodynamic power cycle, power cycle with two strokes of the piston, one up and one down, in one revolution of the crankshaft in contrast to a four-stroke engine which requires four strokes of the piston in two crankshaft revolutions to complete a power cycle. During the stroke from bottom dead center to top dead center, the end of the exhaust/intake (or Scavenging (automotive), scavenging) is completed along with the compression of the mixture. The second stroke encompasses the combustion of the mixture, the expansion of the burnt mixture and, near bottom dead center, the beginning of the scavenging flows. Two-stroke engines often have a higher power-to-weight ratio than a four-stroke engine, since their power stroke occurs twice as often. Two-stroke engines can also have fewer moving parts, and thus be cheaper to manufacture and weigh less. In countries and regions with stringe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suzuki GS Series
The Suzuki GS series was Suzuki, Suzuki Motor Corporation's first full range of Four-stroke engine, 4-stroke powered road motorcycles, having previously almost exclusively manufactured Two-stroke engine, 2-stroke machines. Suzuki had produced the 4-stroke Colleda COX 125cc and 93cc 4-stroke single-cylinder machines in 1955 however the rest of Suzuki's production from 1952 to 1976 had been increasingly sophisticated two-stroke road machines, whose ultimate expression was the 750cc 3-cylinder water-cooled Suzuki GT750, GT750. First models The first of the GS Series was the four-cylinder GS750 released alongside the GS400 parallel twin in November 1976. The GS750 engine was essentially patterned off the Kawasaki Z1-900, and became the design basis for all air-cooled Suzuki four-stroke fours until the release of the air-oil cooled GSX-R. The engine was fitted into a dual cradle frame with telescopic forks, twin rear shocks and a front single disc brake. The new GS750 was lauded fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yamaha TX500
The Yamaha TX500 is a two-cylinder standard motorcycle built by Yamaha and sold in 1973 and 1974. In styling, the boxy cylinders and heads resembled the RD350, rather than the XS650, which resembled the British 650 twins. In 1975 the bike was renamed XS500 and then continued to be updated until 1978 when sales ended in the USA. In Europe, the model was available through 1980. History The TX500 debuted in Tokyo in October 1972. It arrived in most markets in 1973, along with the larger TX750. Like Yamaha's earlier XS650, both the TX500 and TX750 were four-stroke air-cooled twins. While the TX500 and TX750 were released at or near the same time, there were significant differences between their engines. The short production life of the TX500 was due in part to problems with engine leaks and failures. The TX750 experienced similar problems, which were in part attributed to aeration of the engine oil caused by the operation of the anti-vibration system. Yamaha attributed the problem t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honda CB450
The Honda CB450 is a standard motorcycle made by Honda from 1965 to 1974 with a 180° DOHC straight-twin engine. Producing 45 bhp (some 100 bhp/ litre), it was Honda's first "big" motorcycle, though it did not succeed in its goal of competing directly against the larger Triumphs, Nortons, and Harley-Davidsons in the North American market at the time. As a result, Honda tried again, leading to the development of the four cylinder Honda CB750 that marked a turning point for Honda and beginning of the "superbike" era of motorcycles. Design The CB450 had a distinctive chrome-sided fuel tank, and shared Honda's 'family' styling found elsewhere on the S90 and CD175. Early models were known as the 'Black Bomber', ''Motor Cycle'', 17 February 1966. Colour centrespread official Honda CB450 UK advertisement. "''Meet the big black bomber...''" "£360.0.0" Accessed 2013-08-22 or 'Dragon', but in Canada the K1 model was marketed as the 'Hellcat'. The four-speed K0 model was updated in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutions Per Minute
Revolutions per minute (abbreviated rpm, RPM, rev/min, r/min, or r⋅min−1) is a unit of rotational speed (or rotational frequency) for rotating machines. One revolution per minute is equivalent to hertz. Standards ISO 80000-3:2019 defines a physical quantity called ''rotation'' (or ''number of revolutions''), dimensionless, whose instantaneous rate of change is called ''rotational frequency'' (or ''rate of rotation''), with units of reciprocal seconds (s−1). A related but distinct quantity for describing rotation is ''angular frequency'' (or ''angular speed'', the magnitude of angular velocity), for which the SI unit is the radian per second (rad/s). Although they have the same dimensions (reciprocal time) and base unit (s−1), the hertz (Hz) and radians per second (rad/s) are special names used to express two different but proportional ISQ quantities: frequency and angular frequency, respectively. The conversions between a frequency and an angular frequency ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secondary Balance
Engine balance refers to how the inertial forces produced by moving parts in an internal combustion engine or steam engine are neutralised with counterweights and balance shafts, to prevent unpleasant and potentially damaging vibration. The strongest inertial forces occur at crankshaft speed (first-order forces) and balance is mandatory, while forces at twice crankshaft speed (second-order forces) can become significant in some cases. Causes of imbalance Although some components within the engine (such as the connecting rods) have complex motions, all motions can be separated into reciprocating and rotating components, which assists in the analysis of imbalances. Using the example of an inline engine (where the pistons are vertical), the main reciprocating motions are: * Pistons moving upwards/downwards * Connecting rods moving upwards/downwards * Connecting rods moving left/right as they rotate around the crankshaft, however the lateral vibrations caused by these movemen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Couple (mechanics)
In physics, a couple or torque is a pair of forces that are equal in magnitude but opposite in their direction of action. A couple produce a pure Rotation, rotational motion without any Translation, translational form. Simple couple The simplest kind of couple consists of two equal and opposite forces whose line of action, lines of action do not coincide. This is called a "simple couple".''Dynamics, Theory and Applications'' by T.R. Kane and D.A. Levinson, 1985, pp. 90–99Free download/ref> The forces have a turning effect or moment called a torque about an axis which is normal (geometry), normal (perpendicular) to the plane of the forces. The SI unit for the torque of the couple is newton metre. If the two forces are and , then the Euclidean vector, magnitude of the torque is given by the following formula: \tau = F d where *\tau is the moment of couple * is the magnitude of the force * is the perpendicular distance (moment) between the two parallel forces The magnitude of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiat
Fiat Automobiles S.p.A., commonly known as simply Fiat ( , ; ), is an Italian automobile manufacturer. It became a part of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2014 and, in 2021, became a subsidiary of Stellantis through its Italian division, Stellantis Europe. Fiat Automobiles was formed in January 2007 when Fiat S.p.A. reorganized its automobile business, and traces its history back to 1899, when the first Fiat automobile, the Fiat 4 HP, was produced. Fiat Automobiles is the largest automobile manufacturer in Italy. During its more than century-long history, it remained the largest automobile manufacturer in Europe and the third in the world after General Motors and Ford Motor Company, Ford for over 20 years, until the car industry crisis in the late 1980s. In 2013, Fiat S.p.A. was the second-largest European automaker by volumes produced and the Automotive industry, seventh in the world, while FCA was the world's eighth-largest automaker. In 1970, Fiat Automobiles employed more th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
