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Stem Borer
A stemborer (stem borer) is any insect larva, or arthropod, that bores into plant stems. However the term most frequently refers among the Coleoptera to the larva of certain longhorn beetles such as ''Dorysthenes buqueti'' and those of the genus ''Oberea'', and among the Lepidoptera to certain moths of the Crambidae, Castniidae, Gelechiidae, Nolidae, and Pyralidae families. Stem borers include: ;Coleoptera *Banana stemborer weevil (''Cosmopolites sordidus'') *Coffee white stem borer (''Xylotrechus quadripes'') *Sugarcane longhorn stemborer (''Dorysthenes buqueti'') ;Lepidoptera *African pink stemborer (''Sesamia calamistis'') *African white stemborer (''Maliarpha separatella'') *Asiatic rice stemborer (striped rice stemborer, ''Chilo suppressalis'') *Banana stem borer (''Telchin licus'') *Egyptian stemborer (''Earias insulana'') *Gold-fringed rice stemborer (''Chilo auricilius'') *Pearl millet stem borer (''Coniesta ignefusalis'') *Spotted stem borer (''Chilo partellus'') *Tomato s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant Stem
A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant, the other being the root. It supports leaf, leaves, flowers and fruits, transports water and dissolved substances between the roots and the shoots in the xylem and phloem, engages in photosynthesis, stores nutrients, and produces new living tissue. The stem can also be called the culm, halm, haulm, stalk, or thyrsus. The stem is normally divided into nodes and internodes: * The nodes are the points of attachment for leaves and can hold one or more leaves. There are sometimes axillary buds between the stem and leaf which can grow into branches (with leaf, leaves, conifer cones, or inflorescence, flowers). Adventitious roots (e.g. brace roots) may also be produced from the nodes. Vines may produce tendrils from nodes. * The internodes distance one node from another. The term "Shoot (botany), shoots" is often confused with "stems"; "shoots" generally refers to new fresh plant growth, including both stems and other str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coffee White Stem Borer
''Xylotrechus quadripes'' is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by the French entomologist Auguste Chevrolat in 1863. In peninsular India, it is well known for its habit of boring through the stems of coffee plants ''Coffea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. ''Coffea'' species are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia. The seeds of some species, called coffee beans, are used to flavor variou ... in plantations and is considered a pest and known by the common name coffee white stem borer. Since the larvae damage the plant while being hidden inside the woody stems, they are extremely difficult to control. The control of shade over the coffee bushes however reduces the incidence. Males have the hind femur extending beyond the tip of the elytra while females have them falling short. Females have a single raised line or carina on the head while males have a median carina with two latera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yellow Rice Stem Borer
''Scirpophaga incertulas'', the yellow stem borer or rice yellow stem borer, is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1863. It is found in Afghanistan, Nepal, north-eastern India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Sumba, Sulawesi, the Philippines, Taiwan, China and Japan. Description The wingspan of the male is 18–22 mm and the female is 34 mm. Adult males are smaller than the females. Males are brownish ochreous. Forewings irrorated (sprinkled) with dark scales and with the veins slightly streaked with fuscous. A black spot found at lower angle of cell. There is an oblique fuscous line runs from apex to vein 2. A marginal black specks series can be seen. Hindwings ochreous white. Female fuscous brown with pale fuscous hindwings. Ecology The larvae feed on ''Oryza sativa''. It is considered as a major rice pest throughout India, Sri Lanka as well as in various ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomato Stemborer
The South American potato tuber moth, Andean potato tuber moth or tomato stemborer (''Symmetrischema tangolias'') is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is native to South America, but has become a pest worldwide. Records include North America, Australia and New Zealand. Species Description Tomato stemborer eggs are shaped oval and have a size of 0.7 x 0.4 mm for a freshly laid egg. The colouration changes to orange-yellow when the eggs start to develop and turn to dark gray before hatching. However, there is not much known about the caterpillar stage on tomato stemborer. Adult moths typically lay their eggs on invaded plants during nighttime. The larva is typically slender and cylindrical with pinkish, dark head capsule and segments are distinct; caterpillar has small, bristle-like structures on its body. The pupal stage occurs within a cocoon, with dark brown colouration encased in a protective shell. The adult moth has distinctive black triangle patches along the lateral mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chilo Partellus
''Chilo partellus'', the spotted stalk borer or spotted stem borer, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Charles Swinhoe in 1885. It is found in India, Pakistan, Iran, Ethiopia, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and on Mayotte. ''C. partellus'' is a pest that was introduced to Africa most likely from India in the early 20th century. After arriving in Africa, it has spread to nearly all countries in eastern and southern Africa, and it is assumed that it is spreading to western Africa. ''C. partellus'' is indigenous to Asia and became established in eastern Africa in the early 1930s. ''C. partellus'' is one of the most economically damaging pests in Asia and Africa, attacking all parts of the plant except the roots. Habitat ''C. partellus'' has rapidly spread over a wide geographical range and has proven to be a very efficient colonizer and devastating pest wherever it may occur. In general, ''C. partellus'' occurs in low to mid-el ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coniesta Ignefusalis
''Coniesta ignefusalis'', the pearl millet stem-borer, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1919. Distribution ''Coniesta ignefusalis'' is found throughout the West African Sahel, including in Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Benin, and Nigeria, where the species is known by local farmers as a major pest of grain crops. Crop pest As a major grain crop pest in the Sahel, the larvae attack pearl millet, sorghum, and maize. It is the main pearl millet pest in Senegal.Ruparao T. Gahukar, Gadi V. P. Reddy. Management of Economically Important Insect Pests of Millet. ''Journal of Integrated Pest Management'' (2019) 10(1): 28; 1–10 https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmz026 It also affects pearl millet crops in northern Mali Mali, officially the Republic of Mali, is a landlocked country in West Africa. It is the List of African countries by area, eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of over . The country is bordered to the north by Alger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gold-fringed Rice Stemborer
''Chilo auricilius'', the gold-fringed rice stemborer or terai borer, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Gerald C. Dudgeon in 1905. It is found in India, Taiwan, Bhutan and Sri Lanka, as well as on Sulawesi, Borneo, Sangir Island and the Moluccas. The larvae bore into and feed on the stems of various Poaceae, grass family plants including sugarcane, rice and maize. Description The forewings of the adult are rather variable, being yellowish or brownish with silvery dots, either scattered or arranged in two transverse bands. The fringe round the margin of the wings is golden yellow. The forewing length is and the width . The hindwings are pale brown. Host plants The larvae feed on several members of the grass family Poaceae; these include rice (''Oryza sativa''), sugarcane (''Saccharum officinarum''), sorghum (''Sorghum bicolor'') and maize (''Zea mays''). On young sugarcane, the larvae kill the leaves and cause the shoots to die. In older cane there may be no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egyptian Stemborer
''Earias insulana'', the Egyptian stemborer, Egyptian bollworm, spiny bollworm or cotton spotted bollworm, is a moth of the family Nolidae. The species was first described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1833. It is found in most of Africa, southern Europe, the Near East and Middle East, Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Australia and Hawaii. It is a rare in immigrant in Great Britain. The wingspan is 20–22 mm. Full-grown larvae are 13–18 mm long and their wingspan is generally about 24–28 mm. It can be confused with the cream-bordered green pea ('' Earias clorana'') or the spiny bollworm (''Earias biplaga ''Earias biplaga'', the spiny bollworm, is a moth in the family Nolidae. The species was Species description, first described by Francis Walker (entomologist), Francis Walker in 1866. It is found throughout subtropical Africa including Atlantic a ...''). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banana Stem Borer
''Telchin licus'', the banana stem borer, is a moth of the Castniidae family. It is native to South America, where it is found from Colombia, Venezuela and the Guianas, throughout the Amazon basin in Brazil and Peru. It has also been recorded as an introduced species in Hawaii. The length of the forewings is 64–80 mm. The larvae feed on ''Saccharum officinarum'', ''Musa'', ''Heliconia ''Heliconia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the monotypic family Heliconiaceae. Most of the 194 known species are native to the tropical Americas, but a few are indigenous to certain islands of the western Pacific and Maluku (province), ...'' and '' Ichnosiphon'' species. It is considered a pest species. Young larvae make a small cavity and then tunnel into the heart of the cane of the host plant. They tunnel upwards and downwards, and create a shelter in the rootstock where they rest. Pupation takes place in the rootstock or at the base of the cane. Subspecies *''Telchin licus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asiatic Rice Stemborer
''Chilo suppressalis'', the Asiatic rice borer or striped rice stemborer, is a moth of the family Crambidae. It is a widespread species, known from Iran, India, Sri Lanka, China, eastern Asia, Japan, Taiwan, Malaysia to the Pacific. It is a serious pest of rice. They are largely responsible for the great reduction in the rice growing in East Asia, India and Indonesia. It was probably introduced in Spain and Hawaii by humans, where it is widely spread towards Northern Territory of Australia. Description The wingspan is 18 mm in male and 18–20 mm in female. In the male, the head and thorax are brown and white. Abdomen pale. Forewings with somewhat acute apex which is ochreous, wholly suffused with brown except a patch in cell and a streak below medial nervure. Inner margin whitish. A sinuous rufous medial line runs with silvery spots on its inner side, also on discocellulars, and below vein 2. A rufous submarginal line, highly angled at vein 6 and with silvery line on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African White Stemborer
''Maliarpha separatella'', the African white stemborer, is a species of moth of the family Pyralidae. A worldwide paddy pest, it is found throughout African countries of Cameroon, Mali, Réunion, Madagascar, South Africa, and many Asian paddy cultivating countries such as Myanmar, India, and Sri Lanka. Though they are reported from China and Papua New Guinea, they are also known to attack sugarcane. Description The wingspan is about 20–30 mm. Palpi of male with second joint hollowed out to receive the brush-like maxillary palpi. Antennae with a sinus at base of shaft containing a ridge of scales. Palpi porrect. Male has rufous head and thorax. Abdomen ochreous. Forewings suffused with rufous, darkest below the broad pale costal fascia, which does not reach apex. Hindwings yellowish white. Female moth is much reddish, with a costal fascia often deeply suffused with red. Ecology The larvae feed on various grasses, including ''Zea mays'', '' Andropogon tectorum'', ''Oryza'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sesamia
''Sesamia'' is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae erected by Achille Guenée in 1852. Most but not all of its species are Afrotropical in distribution, with a preference for humid, open habitats. Larvae are stemborers, and several species of ''Sesamia'' are known agricultural pests on cereals, such as ''Sesamia calamistis'', the African pink stemborer, and ''Sesamia inferens ''Sesamia inferens'', the Asiatic pink stem borer, gramineous stem borer, pink borer, pink rice borer, pink rice stem borer, pink stem borer, purple borer, purple stem borer or purplish stem borer, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The specie ...'', the Asiatic pink stemborer. Species References Apameini Noctuoidea genera Taxa named by Achille Guenée {{Hadeninae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
