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Srbulje
A srbulјa ( sr-cyrl, србуља), srbulje in plural, is a liturgical book written or printed in the Serbian recension of Old Serbian (Serbo-Balkanic), which was the written language of Serbs from the 12th century to the 1830s. The term was used for the first time by Vuk Karadžić in 1816 to differentiate liturgical books written in the Serbian recension from those written in the Russian recension, which gradually replaced srbulje at the beginning of the 19th century. Until the end of the 15th century srbulje were only written books. Since 1494 (Cetinje Octoechos) until 1570 several printing houses printed srbulje. Etymology The oldest mention of the term is in a letter to Jernej Kopitar by Vuk Karadžić on 1 August 1816. One of the reasons for designating a particular name for old printed or written Serbian language books was to differentiate them from the Russian language liturgical books. History Srbulje were published in printed form in the 15th and 16th centuries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerolim Zagurović
Jerolim Zagurović (( sr, Јеролим Загуровић), it, Girolamo Zagurovich) ( 1550—1580) was a Serbian- Venetian printer of Serbian Cyrillic books ('' srbulje''). Zagurović and Vićenco Vuković were the last printers of srbulje books. Family Zagurović was Serbian Catholic and member of the noble Zagurović family from Kotor, Republic of Venice (today Montenegro). His paternal uncle was distinguished poet Ilija Zagurović. The Zagurović family was related to the Serbian Crnojević family through the marriage of Jerolim Zagurović and Antonija Crnojević, the daughter of Lord Đurađ Crnojević of Zeta (r. 1489–96). They had a son, Anđelo, who lived in Venice. Printing The Crnojević printing house was disestablished when Đurađ Crnojević fled Zeta in 1496. The types used in his printing house remained in the monastery until Jerolim Zagurović found them somewhere before 1569. He wrote that he took some types to Venice. Because Jerolim insisted he br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mrkšina Crkva Printing House
The Mrkšina crkva printing house ( sr, Штампарија Манастира Мркшина Црква; Мркшиначка штампарија) was a printing house established in 1562 in the Monastery of Mrkšina Crkva in village Kosjerić in Ottoman Serbia (today a town in Serbia). This printing house was operational until 1566 and printed two srbulje books, The Four Gospels (Четворојеванђеље) in 1562 and ''The Flower Triod'' (Триод Цветни) in 1566. In 1567 the Ottomans destroyed the church and its printing house. Location Today the exact location of this printing house is unknown. There are different theories about exact location of the monastery and its printing house, but all of them agree that it was somewhere near Kosjerić. One of the most possible locations is above the county house and mouth of the river Kladoroba and Skrapež. Printing The books created in the printing house were edited and printed by Hieromonk Mardarije. According ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goražde Printing House
The Goražde printing house ( sr, Горажданска штампарија or ) was one of the earliest printing houses among the Serbs,Biggins & Crayne 2000, pp. 85–86 and the first in the territory of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina (then part of the Ottoman Empire).Benac & Lovrenović 1980, p. 145Kajmaković 1982, pp. 155–58 Established in 1519 in Venice, it was soon relocated to the Serbian Orthodox Church of Saint George in the village of Sopotnica near Goražde,Barać 2008, pp. 41–44 in the Ottoman Sanjak of Herzegovina. It was founded and run by Božidar Ljubavić, also known as Božidar Goraždanin, who was a prominent merchant from Goražde. His son Teodor Ljubavić, a hieromonk of the Mileševa Monastery, managed the work of the printing house. It worked until 1523, producing three books, which are counted among the better accomplishments of early Serb printers.Barać 2008, pp. 46–47 Background After the printing press was invented around 1450 by Johanne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rujno Monastery Printing House
The Rujno Monastery printing house ( sr, Штампарија манастира Рујно) was a printing house established in 1537 in the Monastery of Saint George (Rujno Monastery) in village Vrutci of Rujno Župa near Užice, Ottoman Empire (modern day Serbia). The monastery had substantial income from its nearby spa so it established the printing house. Still, this income was insufficient for metal types. That is why hieromonk Teodosije, hegumen of the monastery, and his fellow monks, made types of 250 engraved wooden plates. They printed one book in this printing house, ''The Rujan Four Gospels'' ( sr, Рујанско Четворојеванђеље). The Ottomans burned monastery together with its printing house to prevent further printing of books. Since 1984 the remnants of this monastery are below Lake Vrutci. Rujno Four Gospels The Rujno Monastery printing house was one of the oldest printing houses in the Balkans and the oldest printing house on the territory of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vuk Vrčević
Vuk Vrčević ( sr-cyr, Вук Врчевић; Risan, 26 February 1811 – Dubrovnik, 13 August 1882) was a Montenegrin serb collector of lyric poetry and companion of Vuk Karadžić, the famed linguist and reformer of the Serbian language. He also translated into Serbian the poetical work of Pietro Antonio Domenico Trapessi, better known by his pseudonym Metastasio (1698–1782). Biography Vuk Vrčević was born at Risan in Bay of Kotor, then under the rule of the Habsburg monarchy, on 26 February 1811. His family was of Serbian origin and was settled in Boka Kotorska from time immemorial. His parents were in poor circumstances, and he owed his education to his own perseverance. He early developed a gift for languages, becoming familiar not only with Old Slavonic, Russian and Greek, but also Turkish, Latin, Italian, French and German (thus mastering all the languages spoken by the foreign invaders of his Serbian homeland during the early stages of the 19th century). When he wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crnojević Printing House
The Crnojević printing house ( sr, Штампарија Црнојевића, Štamparija Crnojevića) or Cetinje printing house ( sr, Цетињска штампарија, Cetinjska štamparija), was the first printing house in Southeastern Europe; the facility operated between 1493 and 1496 in Cetinje, Zeta (modern Montenegro). It was founded by Đurađ Crnojević, the ruler of Zeta between 1490 and 1496. The printing press was operated by Serbian Orthodox monks at the supervision of Hieromonk Makarije. The Crnojević printing press was also the first state press in the world. Five Orthodox liturgical books were printed in this printshop: '' Oktoih Prvoglasnik'', ''Oktoih Petoglasnik'', ''Psaltir'', ''Trebnik'' (''Molitvenik'') and ''Cvetni Triod''. * Octoechos of the First Tone (''Oktoih prvoglasnik'') is the first book printed in the Cyrillic script among the South Slavs. It was finished on 4 January 1494. There are 108 copies of this book existing. It contains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Đurađ Crnojević
Đurađ Crnojević ( sr-cyr, Ђурађ Црноjeвић, cu, Гюргь Цьрноевыкь; d. 1514) was the last Serbian medieval Lord of Zeta between 1490 and 1496, from the Crnojevic dynasty. The son of Ivan Crnojević and Goisava Arianiti, he was the founder of the first South Slavic printing house. Crnojević styled himself ''"Duke of Zeta"''. He was well known by his great education, knowledge of astronomy, geometry and other sciences. During his short-term reign he became famous for making efforts to spread the cultural heritage rather than for his political successes. The Ottomans made him leave Zeta in 1496. His brother Stefan inherited his position of the Lord of Zeta. In 1497 Venetians imprisoned Đurađ for some time, accusing him to be an Ottoman collaborator. He again spent some time in Venetian prison in period between 30 July and 25 October 1498. This time the Ottomans insisted that Venetians should put him into prison, which they eventually did. On 22 Octo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hieromonk Makarije
Hieromonk Makarije ( sr, Јеромонах Макарије; 1494–d. after 1528) is the founder of Serbian and Romanian printing, having printed the first book in Serbian and the first book in the territory of Walachia (part of modern-day Romania). Biography The origins of printing in Montenegro are linked to the press established in Obod, near Cetinje, in 1493 by Đurađ Crnojević, the eldest son of Ivan Crnojević, the ruler of Zeta (the earliest designation of the Serb land of Crnagora (also known as Montenegro in translation). At the time, Zeta was the last free territory of the former powerful Serbian state that began to collapse after the Battle of Kosovo in 1389. In an attempt to defend Zeta from Turkish aspirations to the land Đurađ Crnojević sought an ally in Venice. He dispatched a monk Makarije to Venice to purchase a printing press and learn the trade of printing. After Hieromonk Makarije found a printing works, he travelled to Venice, where he learned about ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oktoih01
The ''Cetinje Octoechos'' ( sr, Цетињски октоих or ''Cetinjski oktoih'') is an Orthodox liturgical book printed in 1494 in Cetinje, the capital of the Principality of Zeta (present-day Montenegro). It is the first incunabulum written in the Serbian language, Serbian recension of Church Slavonic, as well as the first book printed in Cyrillic script, Cyrillic in Southeast Europe. The Octoechos (liturgy), octoechos was produced under the direction of Hieromonk Makarije at the Crnojević printing house, which was founded in 1493 by Đurađ Crnojević, the ruler of Zeta. Printed in two instalments, its first volume contains the hymns to be sung to the first four tones of the Octoechos, Octoechos system of musical modes, and the hymns for the remaining four tones are included in the second volume. The two volumes are called Octoechos of the First Tone (''Oktoih prvoglasnik'') and Octoechos of the Fifth Tone (''Oktoih petoglasnik''), respectively. Octoechos of the First To ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vićenco Vuković
Vićentije "Vićenco" Vuković ( sr-Cyrl, Вићентије Вуковић, la, Vincenzo della Vecchia; 1560–71) was a printer and editor of books in Serbian in the Republic of Venice, and son of the predecessor, Božidar Vuković, and partner of Jerolim Zagurović, Jakov of Kamena Reka and Stefan Marinović. He had succeeded the noble title from his father ('' conte palladin''), but was patriotically self-styled as ''Serbian Despot'' (''Servie Despot''), since the last official Serbian Despot, Pavle Bakić, had died in 1537. His father's books were so popular that until 1561 Vićenco had only published reprints of his fathers books and successfully sold them. The reprints include Октоих петогласник reprinted in 1560, based on the 1537 edition. In 1561 Stefan Marinović printed his first book in printing house of Vićenco Vuković. Vuković's printing press was used by Jakov of Kamena Reka in 1566 when he printed the Book of Hours. In 1571 Jakov again ren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cetinje Octoechos
The ''Cetinje Octoechos'' ( sr, Цетињски октоих or ''Cetinjski oktoih'') is an Orthodox liturgical book printed in 1494 in Cetinje, the capital of the Principality of Zeta (present-day Montenegro). It is the first incunabulum written in the Serbian recension of Church Slavonic, as well as the first book printed in Cyrillic in Southeast Europe. The octoechos was produced under the direction of Hieromonk Makarije at the Crnojević printing house, which was founded in 1493 by Đurađ Crnojević, the ruler of Zeta. Printed in two instalments, its first volume contains the hymns to be sung to the first four tones of the Octoechos system of musical modes, and the hymns for the remaining four tones are included in the second volume. The two volumes are called Octoechos of the First Tone (''Oktoih prvoglasnik'') and Octoechos of the Fifth Tone (''Oktoih petoglasnik''), respectively. Octoechos of the First Tone Octoechos of the First Tone (''Oktoih prvoglasnik'') was f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montenegro
) , image_map = Europe-Montenegro.svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Podgorica , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , official_languages = Montenegrin , languages2_type = Languages in official use , languages2 = , ethnic_groups = , ethnic_groups_year = 2011 , religion = , religion_year = 2011 , demonym = Montenegrin , government_type = Unitary parliamentary republic , leader_title1 = President , leader_name1 = Milo Đukanović , leader_title2 = Prime Minister , leader_name2 = Dritan Abazović (acting) , leader_title3 = Speaker , leader_name3 = Danijela Đurović , legislature = Skupština , sovereignty_type = Establishment history , established_event1 = Principality of Duklja , established_date ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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