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Shintaishi
''Shintaishi'' () is a type of Japanese poetry. It specifically refers to poems written in classical Japanese in non-traditional forms (as opposed to the 5-7-5-7-7 ''waka (poetry), waka'' and the 5-7-5 ''haiku'') in the Meiji period. Notable practitioners of the form included Yuasa Banketsu and Ochiai Naobumi. It declined in popularity in the first two decades of the twentieth century, in favour of free-form poetry in a more vernacular form of Japanese. Etymology ''Shintaishi'' (literally "new form poetry") has its origins in the Meiji period. It refers to poetry with a fixed form and written in classical Japanese. Early Japanese bilingual dictionaries of French and English generally translated the words ''poème'' and ''poem'' as ''shi'' (詩), but in the early Meiji period this word almost exclusively referred to ''kanshi (poetry), kanshi'' (poetry in Classical Chinese). and Ryōkichi Yatabe, as well as Inoue Tetsujirō in his preface to a verse by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Classical Japanese
The classical Japanese language ( ''bungo'', "literary language"), also called "old writing" ( ''kobun''), sometimes simply called "Medieval Japanese" is the literary form A literary genre is a category of literature. Genres may be determined by literary technique, tone, content, or length (especially for fiction). They generally move from more abstract, encompassing classes, which are then further sub-divided ... of the Japanese language that was the standard until the early Shōwa period (1926–1989). It is based on Early Middle Japanese, the language as spoken during the Heian period (794–1185), but exhibits some later influences. Its use started to decline during the late Meiji period (1868–1912) when novelists started writing their works in the spoken form. Eventually, the spoken style came into widespread use, including in major newspapers, but many official documents were still written in the old style. After the End of World War II in Asia, end of World War I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gushi (poetry)
''Gushi'' (), is one of the main poetry forms defined in Classical Chinese poetry, literally meaning "old (or ancient) poetry" or "old (or ancient) style poetry": ''gushi'' is a technical term for certain historically exemplary poems, together with later poetry composed in this formal style. Poetic form The normal formal style is for uniform line lengths of 5 or 7 syllables (or characters), with lines in syntactically paired couplets. Parallelism emphasizing thesis or antithesis is frequently found but is not an obligatory feature. Rhymes generally occur at the ends of couplets, the actual rhyme sound sometimes changing through the course of the poem. Caesura usually occurs as a major feature before the last 3 syllables in any line, with the 7 syllable lines also often having a minor caesura in between the first two pairs of syllables. The final 3 syllables in a line are often varied syntactically by whether the first and second of these are more closely linked by the syntax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encyclopedia Nipponica
The is an encyclopedia of Japan and the Japanese people, first published by Shogakukan from 1984 to 1989 in 25 volumes. After 10 years of preparation, over 130,000 entries and 500,000 indexes were organized in alphabetical order in more than 23,000 pages. The most recent version, 1994, has 26 volumes, including the separate volumes of indexes and an auxiliary. The encyclopedia is currently out of print. Shogakukan and Heibonsha When it was founded in 1922, Shogakukan specialized in study books and magazines for elementary school students. According to its websites, 日本百科大事典 (Nihon hyakka daijiten) published in 1962 was the first encyclopedia from Shogakukan. Since then, Shogakukan has continuously published encyclopedias: 世界原色百科事典 (Sekai genshoku hyakka jiten) in 1965, 大日本百科事典ジャポニカ (Dainihon hyakka jiten japonica) in 1967, こども百科事典 (Kodomo hyakka jiten) in 1970, and 万有百科大事典 (Banyu hyakka daijiten) in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naturalism (literature)
Naturalism is a literary movement beginning in the late nineteenth century, similar to literary realism in its rejection of Romanticism, but distinct in its embrace of determinism, detachment, scientific objectivism, and social commentary. Literary naturalism emphasizes observation and the scientific method in the fictional portrayal of reality. Naturalism includes detachment, in which the author maintains an impersonal tone and disinterested point of view; determinism, which is defined as the opposite of free will, in which a character's fate has been decided, even predetermined, by impersonal forces of nature beyond human control; and a sense that the universe itself is indifferent to human life. The novel would be an experiment where the author could discover and analyze the forces, or scientific laws, that influenced behavior, and these included emotion, heredity, and environment. The movement largely traces to the theories of French author Émile Zola. Background Literary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Aster (Japanese Poem)
is the title of an 1889 epic Japanese poem by Ochiai Naobumi, who was inspired by Chinese-language poems composed by Inoue Tetsujirō. Story The epic tells the story of White Aster, a maiden who was so named because she was found in a clump of white asters. She goes on a journey in search of her father, who has gone hunting and whose whereabouts are unclear. She is captured by robbers, but is rescued by her older brother, who had left home and became a priest. Subsequently, she attempts suicide by drowning as a result of a conflict that had her torn between her sense of obligation to the old man who had treated her so kindly and the last will of her mother, who wanted her to marry her brother (the two not being related by blood). Thereafter, she is reunited with her brother, and when the two return home together, they find that their father is already back, safe and sound. History Inoue Tetsujiro, the original writer, wrote that he graduated from Tokyo Imperial University in 188 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yamada Bimyō
, born , was a Japanese novelist.Suzuki, Tomi. ''Narrating the Self: Fictions of Japanese Modernity''. Stanford University Press, July 1, 1997. , 9780804731621. p44 Jim Reichert, author of ''Yamada Bimyō: Historical Fiction and Modern Love,'' wrote that Bimyō was "one of the most influential literary reformers of the 1880s" who had "an instrumental role" in producing ''rekishi shōsetsu'', the modern form of a Japanese historical novel.Reichert, p99 According to Reichert, during the 1880s the public perceived Bimyō "to be at the forefront of the literary reform movement, offering a fresh and exciting strategy for reforming Japanese literature." Louis Frédéric, author of the ''Japan Encyclopedia'', wrote that Bimyō was, along with Kōda Rohan, "the most representative authors" of the first modern school of literature to appear in Meiji Japan. History Bimyō was a part of the "Ken'yūsha" ("Friends of the Inkstone") Meiji literary group formed in February 1885, along with Oz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Takeuchi Setsu
Takeuchi ( ja, 竹内; "within bamboo" or ja, 武内; "warrior household") is a Japanese surname. It is common in west-central Japan, and is pronounced Takenouchi (''Take-no-uchi'') by some bearers. The family claims descent from the legendary hero-statesman Takenouchi-no-Sukune, himself supposedly a descendant of the mythical Emperor Kōgen and a counselor to several other emperors, including Emperor Ōjin (late 4th century). Other families such as the Soga clan also claim Takenouchi-no-Sukune as an ancestor. It can also be written as 竹野内. The Takenouchi-ryū is a '' koryū'' tradition founded by Takenouchi Chūnagon Daijō Hisamori in 1532 and is still maintained today by his descendants. People with the surname *, Japanese ice hockey player *Akari Takeuchi, a Japanese singer and member of girl group S/mileage *, Japanese middle-distance runner * Atsushi Takenouchi (竹之内 淳志, born 1960), Japanese Butoh dancer * Aya Takeuchi (born 1986), Japanese rugby sevens playe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jintishi
Regulated verse – also known as Jintishi () – is a development within Classical Chinese poetry of the '' shi'' main formal type. Regulated verse is one of the most important of all Classical Chinese poetry types. Although often regarded as a Tang Dynasty innovation, the origin of regulated verse within the Classical Chinese poetic tradition is associated with Shen Yue (441–513), based on his "four tones and eight defects" (四聲八病) theory regarding tonality.Watson, 110–112 There are three types of regulated verse: the eight-lined '' lüshi'', the four-lined ''jueju'', and the linked couplets of indeterminate length '' pailu''. All regulated verse forms are rhymed on the even lines, with one rhyme being used throughout the poem. Also, and definitionally, the tonal profile of the poem is controlled (that is, "regulated"). Furthermore, semantic and tonal parallelism is generally required of certain interior couplets. During the Tang Dynasty, the "Shen-Song" team of Shen Qu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (February 27, 1807 – March 24, 1882) was an American poet and educator. His original works include " Paul Revere's Ride", '' The Song of Hiawatha'', and '' Evangeline''. He was the first American to completely translate Dante Alighieri's ''Divine Comedy'' and was one of the fireside poets from New England. Longfellow was born in Portland, Maine, which was then still part of Massachusetts. He graduated from Bowdoin College and became a professor there and, later, at Harvard College after studying in Europe. His first major poetry collections were ''Voices of the Night'' (1839) and ''Ballads and Other Poems'' (1841). He retired from teaching in 1854 to focus on his writing, and he lived the remainder of his life in the Revolutionary War headquarters of George Washington in Cambridge, Massachusetts. His first wife, Mary Potter, died in 1835 after a miscarriage. His second wife, Frances Appleton, died in 1861 after sustaining burns when her dress cau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waka (poetry)
is a type of poetry in classical Japanese literature. Although ''waka'' in modern Japanese is written as , in the past it was also written as (see Wa, an old name for Japan), and a variant name is . Etymology The word ''waka'' has two different but related meanings: the original meaning was "poetry in Japanese" and encompassed several genres such as ''chōka'' and ''sedōka'' (discussed below); the later, more common definition refers to poetry in a 5-7-5-7-7 metre. Up to and during the compilation of the '' Man'yōshū'' in the eighth century, the word ''waka'' was a general term for poetry composed in Japanese, and included several genres such as , , and . However, by the time of the '' Kokinshūs compilation at the beginning of the tenth century, all of these forms except for the ''tanka'' and ''chōka'' had effectively gone extinct, and ''chōka'' had significantly diminished in prominence. As a result, the word ''waka'' became effectively synonymous with ''tanka'', and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
