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Schizomid
Schizomida, also known as sprickets or short-tailed whip-scorpions, is an order of arachnids, generally less than in length. The order is not yet widely studied. E. O. Wilson has identified schizomids as among the "groups of organisms that desperately need experts to work on them." Taxonomy Schizomids are grouped into three families: * Calcitronidae † (fossil; dubious) * Hubbardiidae * Protoschizomidae (2 genera, 15 species) **''Agastoschizomus'' ** ''Protoschizomus'' About 300 species of schizomids have been described worldwide, most belonging to the Hubbardiidae family. A systematic review including a full catalogue may be found in Reddell & Cokendolpher (1995). The Schizomida is sister to the order Uropygi, the two clades together forming the Thelyphonida (in the broad sense of the name). Based on molecular clock dates, both orders likely originated in the late Carboniferous somewhere in the tropics of Pangea, and the Schizomida underwent substantial diversification starti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agastoschizomus
''Agastoschizomus'' is a genus of protoschizomid short-tailed whipscorpions, first described by Jon Mark Rowland in 1971. Species , the World Schizomida Catalog accepts the following eight species: * '' Agastoschizomus huitzmolotitlensis'' Rowland, 1975 – Mexico * '' Agastoschizomus juxtlahuacensis'' Moreno & Francke, 2009 – Mexico * '' Agastoschizomus lucifer'' Rowland, 1971 – Mexico * '' Agastoschizomus patei'' Cokendolpher & Reddell, 1992 – Mexico * '' Agastoschizomus stygius'' Cokendolpher & Reddell, 1992 – Mexico * '' Agastoschizomus tamaulipensis'' Monjaraz-Ruedas, Francke & Cokendolpher, 2016 – Mexico * '' Agastoschizomus tenebris'' Monjaraz-Ruedas, Francke & Cokendolpher, 2016 – Mexico * '' Agastoschizomus texanus'' Monjaraz-Ruedas, Francke & Cokendolpher, 2016 – US (Texas) References Schizomida genera {{Arachnid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protoschizomus
''Protoschizomus'' is a genus of protoschizomid short-tailed whipscorpions, first described by Jon Mark Rowland in 1975. Species , the World Schizomida Catalog accepts the following eight species: * '' Protoschizomus franckei'' Monjaraz-Ruedas, 2013 – Mexico * '' Protoschizomus gertschi'' Cokendolpher & Reddell, 1992 – Mexico * '' Protoschizomus occidentalis'' Rowland, 1975 – Mexico * '' Protoschizomus pachypalpus'' (Rowland, 1973) – Mexico * '' Protoschizomus purificacion'' Cokendolpher & Reddell, 1992 – Mexico * '' Protoschizomus rowlandi'' Cokendolpher & Reddell, 1992 – Mexico * '' Protoschizomus sprousei'' Cokendolpher & Reddell, 1992 – Mexico * '' Protoschizomus treacyae'' Cokendolpher & Reddell, 1992 – Mexico References Schizomida genera {{Arachnid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uropygi
Uropygi is an arachnid order comprising invertebrates commonly known as whip scorpions or vinegaroons (also spelled vinegarroons and vinegarones). They are often called uropygids. The name "whip scorpion" refers to their resemblance to scorpion, true scorpions and possession of a whiplike tail, and "vinegaroon" refers to their ability when attacked to discharge an offensive, vinegar-smelling liquid, which contains acetic acid. The order may also be called Thelyphonida. Both names, Uropygi and Thelyphonida, may be used either in a narrow sense for the order of whip scorpions, or in a broad sense which includes the order Schizomida. Taxonomy Carl Linnaeus first described a whip scorpion in 1758, although he did not distinguish it from what are now regarded as different kinds of arachnid, calling it ''Phalangium caudatum''. ''Phalangium'' is now used as a name for a genus of harvestmen (Opiliones). In 1802, Pierre André Latreille was the first to use a genus name solely for whip s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hubbardiidae
Hubbardiidae is a family (biology), family of arachnids, superficially resembling spiders. It is the larger of the two extant families of the Order (biology), order, Schizomida, and is divided into two subfamily, subfamilies. The family is based on the description published by Orator F. Cook in 1899. The American Arachnological Society assigns the common name hubbardiid shorttailed whipscorpion to members of this family. Genera , the ''World Schizomida Catalog'' accepted the following seventy-six genera: *''Adisomus'' Cokendolpher & Reddell, 2000 *''Afrozomus'' Reddell & Cokendolpher, 1995 *''Ambulantactus'' Monjaraz-Ruedas, Prendini & Francke, 2019 *''Anepsiozomus'' Harvey, 2001 *''Antillostenochrus'' Armas & Teruel, 2002 *''Apozomus'' Harvey, 1992 *''Artacarus'' Cook, 1899 *''Attenuizomus'' Harvey, 2000 *''Baalrog'' Monjaraz-Ruedas, Prendini & Francke, 2019 *''Bamazomus'' Harvey, 1992 *''Belicenochrus'' Armas & Víquez, 2010 *''Brignolizomus'' Harvey, 2000 *''Bucinozomus'' Arma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arachnid
Arachnids are arthropods in the Class (biology), class Arachnida () of the subphylum Chelicerata. Arachnida includes, among others, spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, pseudoscorpions, opiliones, harvestmen, Solifugae, camel spiders, Amblypygi, whip spiders and Uropygi, vinegaroons. Adult arachnids have eight Arthropod leg, legs attached to the cephalothorax. In some species the frontmost pair of legs has converted to a sensory function, while in others, different appendages can grow large enough to take on the appearance of extra pairs of legs. Almost all Extant taxon, extant arachnids are terrestrial animal, terrestrial, living mainly on land. However, some inhabit freshwater environments and, with the exception of the pelagic zone, marine environments as well. They comprise over 110,000 named species, of which 51,000 are species of spiders. The term is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek word (''aráchnē'', 'spider'), from the myth of the hubristic human weaver Arachne, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uropygi
Uropygi is an arachnid order comprising invertebrates commonly known as whip scorpions or vinegaroons (also spelled vinegarroons and vinegarones). They are often called uropygids. The name "whip scorpion" refers to their resemblance to scorpion, true scorpions and possession of a whiplike tail, and "vinegaroon" refers to their ability when attacked to discharge an offensive, vinegar-smelling liquid, which contains acetic acid. The order may also be called Thelyphonida. Both names, Uropygi and Thelyphonida, may be used either in a narrow sense for the order of whip scorpions, or in a broad sense which includes the order Schizomida. Taxonomy Carl Linnaeus first described a whip scorpion in 1758, although he did not distinguish it from what are now regarded as different kinds of arachnid, calling it ''Phalangium caudatum''. ''Phalangium'' is now used as a name for a genus of harvestmen (Opiliones). In 1802, Pierre André Latreille was the first to use a genus name solely for whip s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pygidium
The pygidium (: pygidia) is the posterior body part or shield of crustaceans and some other arthropods, such as insects and the extinct trilobites. In groups other than insects, it contains the anus and, in females, the ovipositor. It is composed of fused body segments, sometimes with a tail, and separated from thoracic segments by an articulation.Shultz, J.W. (1990). Evolutionary Morphology And Phylogeny of Arachnida. Cladistics 6: 1–38. Chelicerates In arachnids, the pygidium is formed by reduction of the last three opisthosomal segments to rings where there is no distinction between tergites and sternites. A pygidium is present in Palpigradi, Amblypygi, Uropygi, Schizomida, Ricinulei and in the extinct order Trigonotarbida. It is also present in early fossil representatives of horseshoe crabs. Trilobites In trilobites, the pygidium can range from extremely small (much smaller than the head, or cephalon) to larger than the cephalon. They can be smooth, as in order ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metapeltidium
Peltidium is a prodorsal shield found in animals of the subphylum Chelicerata, in the phylum Arthropoda. In some groups (Schizomida, Palpigradi, Solpugida and Opiliones The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an Order (biology), order of arachnids, Common name, colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs (see below). , over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered w ...), the peltidium, also known as the schizopeltid, can be subdivided into the propeltidium, a carapace-like shield that covers the proterosoma, which comprises the fused acron (protocerebral region) and first four segments, and two free segments, the mesopeltidium and metapeltidium (Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology). External links Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology References {{reflist Chelicerate anatomy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hubbardia Pentapeltis Male Flagellum
''Hubbardia'' is a genus in the grass family that is endemic to India. It is the only genus in the tribe Hubbardieae of the subfamily Micrairoideae. Species Species include: * '' Hubbardia diandra'' Chandore, Gosavi & S.R.Yadav — native to the Western Ghats, in Maharashtra and Karnataka states. * '' Hubbardia heptaneuron'' Bor — native to Karnataka Karnataka ( ) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed as Mysore State on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, States Re ... state. References Micrairoideae Endemic flora of India (region) Grasses of India Flora of Karnataka Flora of Maharashtra Flora of the Western Ghats Poaceae genera Taxa named by Norman Bor {{Poaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opisthosoma
The opisthosoma is the posterior part of the body in some arthropods, behind the prosoma ( cephalothorax). It is a distinctive feature of the subphylum Chelicerata (arachnids, horseshoe crabs and others). Although it is similar in most respects to an abdomen (and is often referred to as such), the opisthosoma is differentiated by its inclusion of the respiratory organs ( book lungs or book gills) and the heart. Segments The number of segments and appendages on the opisthosoma vary. Scorpions have 13, but the first is only seen during its embryological development. Other arachnids have fewer; harvestmen, for instance, have only ten. In general, appendages are absent or reduced, although in horseshoe crabs they persist as large plate-like limbs, called opercula or branchiophores, bearing the book gills, and that function in locomotion and gas exchange. In most chelicerates the opisthosomal limbs are greatly reduced and persist only as specialized structures, such as the silk- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedicel (spider)
The anatomy of spiders includes many characteristics shared with other arachnids. These characteristics include bodies divided into two tagmata (sections or segments), eight jointed legs, no wings or antennae, the presence of chelicerae and pedipalps, simple eyes, and an exoskeleton, which is periodically shed. Spiders also have several adaptations that distinguish them from other arachnids. All spiders are capable of producing silk of various types, which many species use to build webs to ensnare prey. Most spiders possess venom, which is injected into prey (or defensively, when the spider feels threatened) through the fangs of the chelicerae. Male spiders have specialized pedipalps that are used to transfer sperm to the female during mating. Many species of spiders exhibit a great deal of sexual dimorphism. External anatomy Spiders, unlike insects, have only two main body parts ( tagmata) instead of three: a fused head and thorax (called a cephalothorax or prosoma) and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Petrunkevitch
Alexander Ivanovitch Petrunkevitch (; December 22, 1875 – March 9, 1964) was a Russian arachnologist. From 1910 to 1939, he described over 130 spider species. One of his most famous essays was "The Spider and the Wasp." In it he uses effective word choices and some comic touch. Biography His aristocratic father, Ivan Illitch Petrunkevitch, was a liberal member of the First Duma and founded the Constitutional Democratic Party. After finishing his studies in Moscow and in Freiburg under August Weismann, Alexander settled in Yale in 1910, becoming a full professor in 1917. Apart from describing present-day species, he was a major figure in the study of fossil arachnids, including those in amber and from the Coal Measures. He also experimented with live specimens and worked on insects. Petrunkevitch's formulation of the principle of plural effects (every cause is potentially capable of producing several effects) and the principle of the limits of possible oscillations (th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
