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Satsuma Mandarin
''Citrus unshiu'' is a semi-seedless and easy-peeling citrus species, also known as the satsuma mandarin or Japanese mandarin. During the Edo period of Japan, kishu mikans were more popular because there was a popular superstition that eating ''Citrus unshiu'' without seeds made people prone to infertility. ''Citrus unshiu'' became popular in Japan after modernization started in the Meiji period. It was introduced to the West from the Satsuma region of Japan in 1878. ''Citrus unshiu'' was named after Unshu (Wenzhou), a famous production area of ''Citrus'' species in China, in the late Edo period of Japan. Before the name ''unshu mikan'' was established in Japan, it was called ''nakajima mikain'' or ''nagashima mikan'' after the place name of Nishi-Nakajima in Amakusa District of the Higo Province (later Nagashima, Kagoshima), where the species is said to have been born. There are two theories about the origin of the ''Citrus unshiu''. One is that ''Citrus unshiu'' originated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Tennyson Swingle
Walter Tennyson Swingle (January 8, 1871 – January 19, 1952) was an American agricultural Botany, botanist who contributed greatly to the classification and citrus taxonomy, taxonomy of citrus. Biography Swingle was born in South Canaan, Canaan, Pennsylvania, and moved with his family to Kansas two years later. He graduated from the Kansas State University, Kansas State Agricultural College in 1890, and studied at the University of Bonn in 1895–96 and 1898. With William Ashbrook Kellerman he edited the exsiccata ''Kansas fungi'' (1889), a specimen series which is widely distributed in major herbarium, herbaria. Swingle married Lucie Romstaedt in 1901; she died in 1910. He married Maude Kellerman, daughter of William Ashbrook Kellerman, in 1915 and they had four children. He died in Washington, D.C., on January 19, 1952. In 1927, botanist Elmer Drew Merrill published ''Swinglea'', which is a genus of flowering plants from the Philippines, belonging to the family Rutaceae a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhejiang
) , translit_lang1_type2 = , translit_lang1_info2 = ( Hangzhounese) ( Ningbonese) (Wenzhounese) , image_skyline = 玉甑峰全貌 - panoramio.jpg , image_caption = View of the Yandang Mountains , image_map = Zhejiang in China (+all claims hatched).svg , mapsize = 275px , map_caption = Location of Zhejiang in China , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = China , named_for = Old name of Qiantang River , seat_type = Capital and largest city , seat = Hangzhou , established_title = Annexation by the Qin dynasty , established_date = 222 BC , established_title2 = Jiangnandong Circuit , established_date2 = 626 , established_title3 = Liangzhe Circuit , established_date3 = 997 , established_title4 = Zhejiang Province formed , established_date4 = 1368 , established_title5 = Republican Period , established_date5 = 1 January 1912 , established_title6 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citrus Rootstock
Citrus rootstock are plants used as rootstock for citrus plants. A rootstock plant must be compatible for scion grafting, and resistant to common threats, such as drought, frost, and common citrus diseases. Principal rootstocks Five types of rootstock predominate in temperate climates where cold or freezing weather is not probable, especially Florida and southern Europe: * Sour orange: the only rootstock that truly is an orange (the '' Citrus'' × ''aurantium'' or bitter orange). It is vigorous and highly drought-resistant. * '' Poncirus trifoliata'': a close relative of the genus ''Citrus'', sometimes classified as ''Citrus trifoliata''. It is especially resistant to cold, the tristeza virus, and the oomycete '' Phytophthora parasitica'' (root rot), and grows well in loam soil. Among its disadvantages are its slow growth—it is the slowest growing rootstock—and its poor resistance to heat and drought. It is primarily used in China, Japan, and areas of California with heavy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kumquat
Kumquats ( ), or cumquats in Australian English, are a group of small, angiosperm, fruit-bearing trees in the family Rutaceae. Their taxonomy is disputed. They were previously classified as forming the now-historical genus ''Fortunella'' or placed within ''Citrus'', . Different classifications have alternatively assigned them to anywhere from a single species, ''Citrus japonica'', to numerous species representing each cultivar. Recent genomic analysis defines three pure species, ''Citrus hindsii'', ''Citrus margarita, C. margarita'' and ''Citrus crassifolia, C. crassifolia'', with ''C.'' × ''japonica'' being a Hybrid (biology), hybrid of the last two. The edible fruit closely resembles the Orange (fruit), orange (''Citrus x sinensis'') in color, texture, and anatomy, but is much smaller, being approximately the size of a large olive. The kumquat is a fairly cold-hardy citrus. Etymology The English word ''kumquat'' is a borrowing of the Cantonese (; zh, c=金橘), from "gol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citrus Unshiu 20101118 B
''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the family Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, mandarins, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. ''Citrus'' is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. Indigenous people in these areas have used and domesticated various species since ancient times. Its cultivation first spread into Micronesia and Polynesia through the Austronesian expansion (–1500 BCE). Later, it was spread to the Middle East and the Mediterranean () via the incense trade route, and from Europe to the Americas. Renowned for their highly fragrant aromas and complex flavor, citrus are among the most popular fruits in cultivation. With a propensity to hybridize between species, making their taxonomy complicated, there are numerous varieties encompassing a wide range of appearance and fruit flavors. Evolution Evolutionary history The large citrus fruit of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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E3 (short for Electronic Entertainment Expo) was an annual trade event for the video game industry organized and presented by the Entertainment Software Association (ESA). It was held principally in Los Angeles from 1995 to 2019, with its final iteration held virtually in 2021. The event hosted developers, publishers, hardware manufacturers, and other industry professionals who used the occasion to introduce and advertise upcoming games, hardware, and merchandise to the press. During its existence, E3 was the world's largest and most prestigious annual gaming expo. E3 included an exhibition floor for developers, publishers, and manufacturers to showcase their titles and products for sale in the upcoming year. Before and during the event, publishers and hardware manufacturers usually held press conferences to announce new games and products. Before 2017, E3 was an industry-only event; the ESA required individuals wishing to attend to verify a professional relationship with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Backcross
Backcrossing is a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, to achieve offspring with a genetic identity closer to that of the parent. It is used in horticulture, animal breeding, and production of gene knockout organisms. Backcrossed hybrids are sometimes described with acronym "BC"; for example, an F1 hybrid crossed with one of its parents (or a genetically similar individual) can be termed a BC1 hybrid, and a further cross of the BC1 hybrid to the same parent (or a genetically similar individual) produces a BC2 hybrid. Plants Advantages * If the recurrent parent is an elite genotype, at the end of the backcrossing programme, an elite genotype is recovered. * As no "new" recombination results, the elite combination is not lost. Disadvantages * It works poorly for quantitative traits. * It is more restricted for recessive traits. * In practice, sections of genome from the nonrecurrent parents are often still present and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomelo
The pomelo ( ; or pummelo, ''Citrus maxima''), also known as a shaddock, is the largest citrus fruit. It is an ancestor of several cultivated citrus species, including the bitter orange and the grapefruit. It is a natural, non-hybrid citrus fruit, native to Southeast Asia. Similar in taste to a sweet grapefruit, the pomelo is commonly eaten and used for festive occasions throughout Southeast and East Asia. As with the grapefruit, phytochemicals in the pomelo have the potential for drug interactions. Description The pomelo tree may be tall, with a trunk, often rather crooked, that is thick, and low-hanging, irregular branches. The petioles (leaf stalks) are distinctly winged. The leaves are alternate, ovate or elliptic in shape and long; they are leathery and dull green above, hairy beneath. The flowers – single or in clusters – are fragrant and yellow-white in color. The fruit is large, in diameter, round or somewhat pear-shaped. Its weight varies by cultivar fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citrus Taxonomy
Citrus taxonomy is the botanical classification of the species, varieties, cultivars, and graft hybrids within the genus ''Citrus'' and related genera, found in cultivation and in the wild. Citrus taxonomy is complex and controversial. Cultivated citrus are derived from various citrus species found in the wild. Some are only selections of the original wild types, many others are hybrids between two or more original species, and some are backcrossed hybrids between a hybrid and one of the hybrid's parent species. Citrus plants hybridize easily between species with completely different morphologies, and similar-looking citrus fruits may have quite different ancestries. Some differ only in disease resistance. Conversely, different-looking varieties may be nearly genetically identical, and differ only by a bud mutation. Genomic analysis of wild and domesticated citrus cultivars has suggested that the progenitor of modern citrus species expanded out of the Himalayan foothills in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamil Language
Tamil (, , , also written as ''Tamizhil'' according to linguistic pronunciation) is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia. It is one of the longest-surviving classical languages in the world,. "Tamil is one of the two longest-surviving classical languages in India" (p. 7). attested since 300 BC, 300 BCE.: "...the most acceptable periodisation which has so far been suggested for the development of Tamil writing seems to me to be that of A Chidambaranatha Chettiar (1907–1967): 1. Sangam Literature – 200BC to AD 200; 2. Post Sangam literature – AD 200 – AD 600; 3. Early Medieval literature – AD 600 to AD 1200; 4. Later Medieval literature – AD 1200 to AD 1800; 5. Pre-Modern literature – AD 1800 to 1900" at p. 610 Tamil was the lingua franca for early maritime traders in South India, with Tamil inscriptions found outside of the Indian subcontinent, such as Indonesia, Thailand, and Egypt. The language has a well-documented history wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South African English
South African English (SAfE, SAfEn, SAE, en-ZA) is the List of dialects of English, set of English language dialects native to South Africans. History British Empire, British settlers first arrived in the South African region in 1795, when they established a military holding operation at the Cape Colony. The goal of this first endeavour was to gain control of a key Cape sea route, not to establish a permanent settler colony. Full control of the colony was wrested from the Batavian Republic following the Battle of Blaauwberg in 1806. The first major influx of English speakers arrived in 1820 Settlers, 1820. About 5,000 British settlers, mostly rural or working class, settled in the Eastern Cape. Though the British were a minority colonist group (the Dutch had been in the region since 1652 when traders from the Dutch East India Company developed an Dutch Cape Colony, outpost), the Cape Colony governor, Lord Charles Somerset, declared English an official language in 1822. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
