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Run Rate
In cricket, the run rate (RR), or runs per over (RPO), is the average number of runs a batting side scores per over. It includes all runs made by the batting side in the innings to that point of the game, both the runs scored by the batsmen and extras conceded by the bowling team. Values What counts as a good run rate depends on the nature of the pitch, the type of match and the level of the game. A Test match held over five days typically has a lower run rate than a limited-overs game, because batsmen adopt a more cautious approach. In recent years, the average Test run rate has been between 3 and 3.5 runs per over, sometimes even lower whereas in limited overs cricket the batsmen must adopt a more gung-ho approach in order to achieve the necessary score to win. In One Day International (50 over) cricket, the average run rate has been increasing from around 4 when the format was first played in the 1970s to over 5 in recent years. Only England has ever scored at more than 9 ...
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Required Run Rate
In cricket, the required run rate (RRR), or asking rate, is the run rate (the average number of runs per over) the batting side must achieve in order to win the present match. Expressed differently, it is the total number of runs required of the batting team to win the match, divided by the total number of overs remaining in the match. The required run rate is typically a statistic that is tracked in real-time during a limited-overs match, including Twenty20 and One Day International matches. It is usually shown in the second innings, when the side batting in that innings is chasing the other's run total from the first innings. Higher required run rates are more difficult to achieve, since batsmen are forced to score more runs within a limited number of deliveries from the bowling side. The required run rate can also be used in Test cricket, usually in the fourth innings of a match, when the batting side is chasing the opposing team's total with a limited number of possible over ...
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Twenty20 International
Twenty20 International (T20I) is a form of Twenty20 cricket, in which each team plays a single innings with a maximum of twenty overs. The matches are played between international teams recognized by the International Cricket Council (ICC). In the T20I format, each bowler is restricted to a maximum of four overs. A mandatory powerplay is taken during the first six overs of an innings. The first T20I match took place on 17 February 2005 between Australia and New Zealand, with the first ICC T20 World Cup held in 2007. The matches were initially competed between the full members of the ICC and selected associate member teams. In April 2018, the ICC announced that it would grant T20I status to matches played amongst any of all its 105 members from 1 January 2019. As of March 2025, 100 nations feature in ICC T20I team rankings. The number of matches of the format increased in the 2010s and more T20I matches (100) were played than ODI matches (99) for the first time in 2016. ...
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Batting (cricket)
In cricket, batting is the act or skill of hitting the cricket ball, ball with a cricket bat, bat to score runs (cricket), runs and prevent the dismissal (cricket), loss of one's wicket. Any player who is currently batting is, since September 2021, officially referred to as a batter regardless of whether batting is their particular area of expertise. Historically, ''batsman'' and ''batswoman'' were used, and these terms remain in widespread use. Batters have to adapt to various conditions when playing on different cricket pitches, especially in different countries; therefore, as well as having outstanding physical batting skills, top-level batters will have quick reflexes, excellent decision-making skills, and be good strategists. During an innings two members of the batting side are on the pitch at any time: the one facing the current delivery from the bowler is called the striker, while the other is the non-striker. When a batter is dismissal (cricket), out, they are replac ...
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Cricket Terminology
This is a general glossary of the terminology used in the sport of cricket. Where words in a sentence are also defined elsewhere in this article, they appear in italics. Certain aspects of cricket terminology are explained in more detail in cricket statistics and the naming of fielding positions is explained at fielding (cricket). Cricket is known for its rich terminology.''Glossary of cricket terms''.
England Cricket Board. Retrieved 13 May 2008.
"Cricket Academy – Glossary".


Economy Rate (cricket)
In cricket, a bowler's economy rate is the average In colloquial, ordinary language, an average is a single number or value that best represents a set of data. The type of average taken as most typically representative of a list of numbers is the arithmetic mean the sum of the numbers divided by ... number of runs they have conceded per over bowled. In most circumstances, the lower the economy rate is, the better the bowler is performing. It is one of a number of statistics used to compare bowlers, commonly used alongside bowling average and strike rate to judge the overall performance of a bowler. Calculation The calculation is: \text = \frac Overs are conventionally represented as decimals from 0.1 to 0.6, so must be converted into true fractions before used in the calculation (e.g. "0.3 overs" represents three balls, which is half a six-ball over). For example, a bowler conceding 31 runs from 10.2 overs (i.e. 10 overs and 2 balls), has an economy rate of 31/10.33333 ...
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Net Run Rate
Net run rate (NRR) is a statistical method used in analysing teamwork and/or performance in cricket. It is the most commonly used method of ranking teams with equal points in limited overs league competitions, similar to goal difference in football. The NRR in a single game is the average runs per over that team scores, minus the average runs per over that is scored against them. The NRR in a tournament is the average runs per over that a team scores across the whole tournament, minus the average runs per over that is scored against them across the whole tournament. This is the same as the weighted average of the run rates scored in each match (weighted by the lengths of the innings batted compared to the other innings batted), minus the weighted average of the run rates conceded in each match (weighted by the lengths of the innings bowled compared to the other innings bowled). This is ''not'' usually the same as the total or average of the NRRs from the individual matches in ...
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Average Run Rate Method
The Average Run Rate (ARR) method was a mathematical formulation designed to calculate the target score for the team batting second in a limited overs cricket match interrupted by weather or other circumstances. Often matches interrupted by weather would use reserve days, bowl outs, or be replayed on another date, but if logistics did not allow these, the ARR method would be used. The ARR method was used from the start of one-day cricket in the 1950s and 1960s until it was replaced by the Most Productive Overs method in 1991. Calculation If an interruption meant that the team batting second lost some of their overs, their target score was adjusted as follows. : \text=\text \times \text + 1. This meant that Team 2 just had to match the average run rate achieved by Team 1 in the overs it had available. For example, if Team 1 made 250 in their 50 overs, which was an ARR of 5 runs per over, and Team 2's innings was reduced to 25 overs, Team 2's new target was (5 x 25) + 1 = 126. ...
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Powerplay (cricket)
Powerplay is the name for the fielding restrictions in limited overs cricket. It was first introduced in 1980-81 Australian season. Fielding Restrictions has been a rule in ODI cricket since 1992. It was renamed as Powerplay by ICC in 2005. Unlike Test cricket, the fielders are spread out to save runs in limited overs cricket. The powerplay rules along with a number of other factors, have contributed to the big scores in modern One Day Internationals since 1992. Rules One Day International (ODI) and Twenty20 differ in terms of the number of overs where mandatory powerplay rules apply. The rules below apply only when a match is uninterrupted. ODI * During the first 10 overs of an innings, a maximum of two fielders are allowed outside the 30-yard circle (27 metres). This is called the 1st powerplay. * Between overs 11 and 40, a maximum of four fielders are allowed outside the 30-yard circle. * In the final 10 overs (41–50), a maximum of five fielders will be allowed to field ...
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Overthrow (cricket)
In cricket, an overthrow (sometimes called a buzzer) is an additional run scored by a batter as a result of the ball not being collected by a fielder in the centre, having been thrown in from the outfield. Overthrows usually occur when a fielder aims unsuccessfully at the stumps in an attempt to run out a batter, although sometimes they are due to handling errors by the fielder receiving the ball. Runs scored in this manner are counted in addition to any runs already scored before the fielding error took place, and are credited to the batter. If the ball reaches the boundary as a result of an overthrow then the four runs for the boundary are added to the number of completed runs before the overthrow, which can lead to the unusual event of a batter scoring more than six (or exactly five) runs off a single ball. It is considered an overthrow run if a ball hits a wicket while the batter is inside the popping crease and then the batter runs. There have been at least four instances ...
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One Day International
One Day International (ODI) is a format of cricket, played between two teams with international status, in which each team faces a fixed number of fifty overs, with the game lasting up to 7 hours. The World Cup, generally held every four years, is played in this format. They are major matches and considered the highest standard of List A, limited-overs competition. The international one-day game is a late-twentieth-century development. The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971 between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. When the first three days of the third Test were washed out officials decided to abandon the match and, instead, play a one-off one day game consisting of 40 eight-ball overs per side. Australia won the game by 5 wickets. ODIs were played in white-coloured kits with a red-coloured ball. In the late 1970s, Kerry Packer established the rival World Series Cricket competition, and it introduced many of the features of One Day International c ...
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