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Rhinotomy
Rhinotomy is mutilation, usually amputation, of the Human nose, nose. It was a means of judicial punishment throughout the world, particularly for sexual transgressions, but in the case of adultery often applied only to women. Ancient usage The Code of Hammurabi contains references to amputation of bodily protrusions (such as lips, nose, breasts, etc.), as do the laws of History of ancient Egypt, ancient Egypt, and in Hindu medicine the writings of Charaka and the Sushruta Samhita. Ancient Egyptian pharaoh, Horemheb, authored a legal text, the Edict of Horemheb, which frequently stated rhinotomy as a criminal punishment. Rhinotomy as a punishment for adultery was customary in early India, and practised by the Ancient Greece, Greeks and Ancient Rome, Romans, but only rarely; the practice was more prevalent in Byzantine Empire, Byzantium and among the Arabs, where the unfaithful woman was subjected to it while the man could get away with a flogging—and "often the husband whose ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edict Of Horemheb
The Edict of Horemheb also known as the Great Edict of Horemheb is an ancient Egyptian legal document commissioned by pharaoh Horemheb. It is the most prominent document from his reign aside from his coronation inscription. The artifact characterizes itself as a direct dictate from Horemheb himself to his scribes. The document is intended to address corrupt power abuses and strengthen Horemheb's regime. The text outlines penalties for authority misuse, corruption, harsh armed forces penalties, judicial reform, and personal security measures. It also establishes capital punishment for corrupt law officials. Notably, Horemheb's Edict introduces the criminal punishment of rhinotomy, cutting off one's nose, to Ancient Egypt, as it was not known there before this. This is the origin of why the ancient location, Tharu, mentioned in Horemheb's Edict as a region of exile, was referred to as Rhinocorura by later Ancient Greek authors. Horemheb is regarded as building the city. Discover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amputation
Amputation is the removal of a Limb (anatomy), limb or other body part by Physical trauma, trauma, medical illness, or surgery. As a surgical measure, it is used to control pain or a disease process in the affected limb, such as cancer, malignancy or gangrene. In some cases, it is carried out on individuals as a Preventive healthcare, preventive surgery for such problems. A special case is that of congenital amputation, a congenital disorder, where fetus, fetal limbs have been cut off by constrictive bands. In some countries, judicial amputation is currently used punishment, to punish people who commit crimes. Amputation has also been used as a tactic in war and acts of terrorism; it may also occur as a war injury. In some cultures and religions, minor amputations or mutilations are considered a ritual accomplishment. When done by a person, the person executing the amputation is an amputator. The oldest evidence of this practice comes from a skeleton found buried in Liang Tebo c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sushruta Samhita
The ''Sushruta Samhita'' (, ) is an ancient Sanskrit text on medicine and one of the most important such treatises on this subject to survive from the ancient world. The ''Compendium of Sushruta, Suśruta'' is one of the foundational texts of Ayurveda (Indian traditional medicine originating from the Atharvaveda), alongside the ''Charaka Samhita, Charaka-Saṃhitā'', ''the Bhela Samhita, Bhela-Saṃhitā'', and the medical portions of the Bower Manuscript. It is one of the two foundational Hindu texts on the medical profession that have survived from ancient India. The ''Suśrutasaṃhitā'' is of great historical importance because it includes historically unique chapters describing surgical training, instruments and procedures. The oldest surviving manuscript of the ''Suśrutasaṃhitā'' is MS Kathmandu KL 699, a palm-leaf manuscript preserved at the Kaiser library, Kaiser Library, Nepal that is datable to 878 CE. History Date The most detailed and extensive considerati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acri
Acri ( Calabrian: ) is a city with 19,949 inhabitants, located in the northern part of the Calabria region in southern Italy. Acri was granted city status on 17 September 2001. The etymology of the word ''Acri'' derives from the Greek word 'ακρα' (Akra), which means ''peak''. Geography Territory Acri’s urban center is located at 720 m (2,360 ft) near the Sila mountains. Its territory extends over 200.63 km2 (77.46 sq mi). The city dominates the Mucone Valley and the Crati Valley. Its primary rivers are the Mucone, Calamo, and Duglia. Between 2006 and 2015, Acri experienced a higher number of forest fires caused by unknown individuals compared to other municipalities. Climate The climate is Mediterranean, characterized by harsh winters and dry, hot summers. However, this climate is not uniform throughout the town, and the suburbs may differ from the city center. Politics * Mayor: 2000 – 2005: Nicola Tenuta * Mayor: 2005 – 2010: Elio Coschignano * Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marseille
Marseille (; ; see #Name, below) is a city in southern France, the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, department of Bouches-du-Rhône and of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region. Situated in the Provence region, it is located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, near the mouth of the Rhône river. Marseille is the List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, second-most populous city proper in France, after Paris, with 873,076 inhabitants in 2021. Marseille with its suburbs and exurbs create the Aix-Marseille-Provence Metropolis, with a population of 1,911,311 at the 2021 census. Founded by Greek settlers from Phocaea, Marseille is the oldest city in France, as well as one of Europe's List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited settlements. It was known to the ancient Greeks as ''Massalia'' and to ancient Romans, Romans as ''Massilia''. Marseille has been a trading port since ancient ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Fabry
Wilhelm Fabry (also William Fabry, Guilelmus Fabricius Hildanus, or Fabricius von Hilden) (25 June 1560 − 15 February 1634), often called the "Father of German surgery", was the first educated and scientific German surgeon. He is one of the most prominent scholars in the iatromechanics school and author of 20 medical books. His , published posthumously in 1641, is the best collection of case records of the century and gives clear insight into the variety and methods of his surgical practice. He developed novel surgical techniques and new surgical instruments. He also wrote a notable treatise on burns. Fabry was born in Hilden. In 1579, he became () in Düsseldorf of the extraordinary court surgeon Cosmas Slot. He developed a device for operating eye tumours. On 25 July 1587, he married Marie Colinet (or ''Fabry''), daughter of Eustache Colinet, a Genevese printer. She was a Swiss midwife–surgeon who improved the techniques of cesarean section delivery. She helped her husb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naples
Naples ( ; ; ) is the Regions of Italy, regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 908,082 within the city's administrative limits as of 2025, while its Metropolitan City of Naples, province-level municipality is the third most populous Metropolitan cities of Italy, metropolitan city in Italy with a population of 2,958,410 residents, and the List of urban areas in the European Union, eighth most populous in the European Union. Naples metropolitan area, Its metropolitan area stretches beyond the boundaries of the city wall for approximately . Naples also plays a key role in international diplomacy, since it is home to NATO's Allied Joint Force Command Naples and the Parliamentary Assembly of the Mediterranean. Founded by Greeks in the 1st millennium BC, first millennium BC, Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited urban areas in the world. In the eighth century BC, a colony known as Parthenope () was e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glossectomy
A glossectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the tongue. It is performed in order to curtail malignant growth such as oral cancer. Often only a portion of the tongue needs to be removed, in which case the procedure is called a partial removal, or hemiglossectomy. A midline glossectomy is a surgical reduction of the size of the base of the tongue ( posterior tongue), sometimes used to treat sleep apnea. See also * List of surgeries by type Many Surgery, surgical procedure names can be broken into parts to indicate the meaning. For example, in gastrectomy, "ectomy" is a suffix (linguistics), suffix meaning the removal of a part of the body. "Gastro-" means stomach. Thus, ''gastrectom ... References * * Surgical removal procedures Tongue surgery {{surgery-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of Nablus
The Council of Nablus was a council of ecclesiastic and secular lords in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, held on January 16, 1120. History The council was convened at Nablus by Warmund, Patriarch of Jerusalem, and King Baldwin II of Jerusalem. It established twenty-five canon law, canons dealing with both religious and secular affairs. It was not quite a church council, but not quite a meeting of the royal court; according to Hans Eberhard Mayer, Hans Mayer, due to the religious nature of many of the canons, it can be considered both a ''parlement'' and an ecclesiastical synod. The resulting agreement between the patriarch and the king was a concordat, similar to the Concordat of Worms two years later. The council established the first written laws for the kingdom. It was probably also where Hugues de Payens obtained permission from King Baldwin II of Jerusalem and Warmund, Patriarch of Jerusalem to found the Knights Templar. The council was not mentioned in the chronicle of F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Procuring (prostitution)
Procuring, pimping, or pandering is the facilitation or provision of a prostitute or other sex worker in the arrangement of a sex act with a customer. A procurer, colloquially called a pimp (if male) or a madam (if female, though the term "pimp" has often been used for female procurers as well) or a brothel keeper, is an Law of agency, agent for prostitutes who collects part of their income, earnings. The procurer may receive this money in return for advertising services, physical protection, or for providing and possibly monopolizing a location where the prostitute may solicit client (prostitution), clients. Like prostitution, the legality of certain actions of a madam or a pimp vary from one region to the next. Examples of procuring include: * Sex trafficking, Trafficking a person into a country for the purpose of soliciting sex * Operating a business where prostitution occurs * Transporting a prostitute to the location of their arrangement * Deriving financial gain from the pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick II (, , , ; 26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250) was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 and King of Jerusalem from 1225. He was the son of Emperor Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor, Henry VI of the Hohenstaufen dynasty (the second son of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa) and Queen Constance I of Sicily of the Hauteville dynasty. Frederick was one of the most powerful figures of the Middle Ages and ruled a vast area, beginning with Sicily and stretching through Italy all the way north to Germany. Viewing himself as a direct successor to the Roman emperors of antiquity, he was Holy Roman Emperor, Emperor of the Romans from his papal coronation in 1220 until his death; he was also a claimant to the title of King of the Romans from 1212 and unopposed holder of that monarchy from 1215. As such, he was King of Germany, King of Italy, of Italy, and King of Burgundy, of Burgundy. At the age of three, he was crowned King ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Book Of The Knight Of The Tower
''The Book of the Knight of the Tower'' (full French title: ''Livre pour l'enseignement de ses filles du Chevalier de La Tour Landry'') is a book commenced by Geoffroy IV de la Tour Landry in 1371, and which he continued writing at least until 1372. It was translated into English (as ''The Book of the Knight of the Tower'') by William Caxton and completed, according to his colophon, on 1 June 1483, during the reign of Edward V of England, Edward V. It was further translated into German language, German as ''Der Ritter vom Turn'' in 1493. The ''Livre pour l'enseignement de ses filles'' served as a tutorial for De la Tour Landry's daughters on proper behavior when visiting the royal court, which, the knight warns, is filled with smooth-talking courtiers who could potentially disgrace them and embarrass the family. The author was a widower, and concerned for his daughters' welfare. He takes a strong moral stance against the behavior of his peers and warns his daughters about the dang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
