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Radial Head Fracture
Radial head fractures are a common type of elbow fracture that typically occurs after a fall on an outstretched arm. They account for approximately one third of all elbow fractures and are frequently associated with other injuries of the elbow. Radial head fractures are diagnosed by a clinical assessment and medical imaging. A radial head fracture is treated according to the severity of the injury and its Mason-Johnston classification. Treatment may be surgical or nonsurgical. Stable isolated fractures typically have excellent outcomes. Unstable fractures with other associated injuries have varying outcomes. Common adverse outcomes include stiffness, pain, poor bone healing, and hardware complications. Diagnosis and classification Radial head fractures are diagnosed from a clinical assessment and diagnostic imaging. Clinical assessment may include pain or tenderness at the radial head, bruising, swelling, and a limited range of motion of the injured elbow. Diagnostic imaging may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sail Sign Of The Elbow
The fat pad sign, also known as the sail sign, is a potential finding on elbow radiography which suggests a fracture of one or more bones at the elbow. It is may indicate an occult fracture that is not directly visible. Its name derives from the fact that it has the shape of a spinnaker (sail). It is caused by displacement of the fat pad around the elbow joint. Both ''anterior'' and ''posterior'' fat pad signs exist, and both can be found on the same X-ray. In children, a posterior fat pad sign suggests a condylar fracture of the humerus. In adults it suggests a radial head The head of the radius has a cylindrical form, and on its upper surface is a shallow cup or fovea for articulation with the capitulum of the humerus. The circumference of the head is smooth; it is broad medially where it articulates with the ra ... fracture. In addition to fracture, any process resulting in an elbow joint effusion may also demonstrate an abnormal fat pad sign. Increased intracapsula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elbow Fracture
Elbow fractures are any broken bone in or near the elbow joint and include olecranon fractures, supracondylar humerus fractures and radial head fractures. The elbow joint is formed by three different bones: the ulna, radius, and humerus that permit the joint to move like a hinge and allow a person to straighten and bend their arm and these bones are connected by tendons, ligaments, and muscle to form the joint. The terrible triad of the elbow (not to be confused with the terrible triad of the knee) is a combination of: * A fracture of the head of radius * A fracture of the coronoid process of the ulna * Humeroulnar dislocation (generally posterior or posterolateral) The ''terrible triad of the elbow'' is confers joint instability and a major risk of developing osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of degenerative joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone which affects 1 in 7 adults in the United States. It is believed to be the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nonunion
Nonunion is permanent failure of healing following a broken bone unless intervention (such as surgery) is performed. A fracture with nonunion generally forms a structural resemblance to a fibrous joint, and is therefore often called a "false joint" or pseudoarthrosis (from Greek '' pseudo-'', meaning false, and , meaning joint). The diagnosis is generally made when there is no healing between two sets of medical imaging, such as X-ray or CT scan. This is generally after 6–8 months.Page 542 in: Nonunion is a serious complication of a fracture and may occur when the fracture moves too much, has a poor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fat Pad Sign
The fat pad sign, also known as the sail sign, is a potential finding on elbow radiography which suggests a fracture of one or more bones at the elbow. It is may indicate an occult fracture that is not directly visible. Its name derives from the fact that it has the shape of a spinnaker (sail). It is caused by displacement of the fat pad around the elbow joint. Both ''anterior'' and ''posterior'' fat pad signs exist, and both can be found on the same X-ray. In children, a posterior fat pad sign suggests a condylar fracture of the humerus. In adults it suggests a radial head The head of the radius has a cylindrical form, and on its upper surface is a shallow cup or fovea for articulation with the capitulum of the humerus. The circumference of the head is smooth; it is broad medially where it articulates with the ra ... fracture. In addition to fracture, any process resulting in an elbow joint effusion may also demonstrate an abnormal fat pad sign. Increased intracapsul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthrocentesis
Arthrocentesis, or joint aspiration, is the clinical procedure performed to diagnose and, in some cases, treat musculoskeletal conditions. The procedure entails using a syringe to collect synovial fluid from or inject medication into the joint capsule. Laboratory analysis of synovial fluid can further help characterize the diseased joint and distinguish between gout, arthritis, and synovial infections such as septic arthritis. Uses In general, arthrocentesis should be strongly considered if there is suspected trauma, infection, or effusion of the joint. Diagnostic Arthrocentesis can be used to diagnose septic arthritis or crystal arthropathy. In the case of a septic joint, arthrocentesis should preferably be performed prior to starting treatment with antibiotics, in order to ensure a proper sample of synovial fluid is obtained. Synovial Fluid Analysis Patients with a fever, suspected flare of existing arthritis, or unknown cause of joint effusion should undergo arthrocente ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internal Fixation
Internal fixation is an operation in orthopedics that involves the surgical implementation of implants for the purpose of repairing a bone, a concept that dates to the mid-nineteenth century and was made applicable for routine treatment in the mid-twentieth century. An internal fixator may be made of stainless steel, titanium alloy, or cobalt-chrome alloy. or plastics. Types of internal fixators include: * Plate and screws * Kirschner wires * Intramedullary nails Open reduction Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF) involves the implementation of implants to guide the healing process of a bone, as well as the open reduction, or setting, of the bone. ''Open reduction'' refers to open surgery to set bones, as is necessary for some fractures. ''Internal fixation'' refers to fixation of screws and/or plates, intramedullary rods and other devices to enable or facilitate healing. Rigid fixation prevents micro-motion across lines of fracture to enable healing and prevent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joint Replacement
Replacement arthroplasty (from Greek ''arthron'', joint, limb, articulate, + ''plassein'', to form, mould, forge, feign, make an image of), or joint replacement surgery, is a procedure of orthopedic surgery in which an arthritic or dysfunctional joint surface is replaced with an orthopedic prosthesis. Joint replacement is considered as a treatment when severe joint pain or dysfunction is not alleviated by less-invasive therapies. It is a form of arthroplasty, and is often indicated from various joint diseases, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Joint replacement surgery has become more common, with knees and hips replaced most often. About 773,000 Americans had a hip or knee replaced in 2009.Joint Replacement Surgery and You. (April, 2009) In ''Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease online''. Retrieved from http://www.niams.nih.gov/#. Uses Shoulder For shoulder replacement, there are a few major approaches to access the shoulder joint. The first is the delt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
