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Purge (occupied Japan)
Following Japan's defeat in World War II, the Allied Occupation of Japan ordered the purge of tens of thousands of designated persons from public service positions. Individuals targeted in the purge included accused war criminals, military officers, leaders of ultranationalist societies, leaders in the Imperial Rule Assistance Association, business leaders involved in Japanese overseas economic expansion, governors of former Japanese colonies, and national leaders involved in the decisions leading Japan into war. Ultimately, SCAP screened a total of 717,415 individuals, and banned 201,815 of them from holding public office. However, as part of the "Reverse Course" in Occupation policy, most of the purgees would be de-purged and allowed to return to public life by 1951. This purge of conservative elements during the Occupation is sometimes retroactively referred to as the "White Purge" to distinguish it from a similar " Red Purge" of communists and leftists. General descriptions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occupation Of Japan
Japan was occupied and administered by the Allies of World War II from the surrender of the Empire of Japan on September 2, 1945, at the war's end until the Treaty of San Francisco took effect on April 28, 1952. The occupation, led by the American military with support from the British Commonwealth and under the supervision of the Far Eastern Commission, involved a total of nearly one million Allied soldiers. The occupation was overseen by the US General Douglas MacArthur, who was appointed Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers by the US president Harry S. Truman; MacArthur was succeeded as supreme commander by General Matthew Ridgway in 1951. Unlike in the occupations of Germany and Austria, the Soviet Union had little to no influence in Japan, declining to participate because it did not want to place Soviet troops under MacArthur's direct command. This foreign presence marks the only time in the history of Japan that it has been occupied by a foreign power. Howe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bank Of Japan
The is the central bank of Japan.Louis Frédéric, Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric. (2005). "Nihon Ginkō" in The bank is often called for short. It is headquartered in Nihonbashi, Chūō, Tokyo, Chūō, Tokyo. The said bank is a corporate entity independent of the Government of Japan, Japanese government, and while it is not an Administrative organisation, administrative organisation of the state, its monetary policy falls within the scope of administration. From a Macroeconomics, macroeconomic perspective, long-term stability of prices is deemed crucial. However, the political sector tends to favour short-term measures. Thus, the bank's autonomy and independence are granted from the standpoint of ensuring long-term public welfare and political neutrality. History Background Like most modern Japanese institutions, the Bank of Japan was founded after the Meiji Restoration. Prior to the Restoration, Japan's feudal fiefs all issued their own money, ''Scrip of Edo period Japan, ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burakumin
The are a social grouping of Japanese people descended from members of the feudal class associated with , mainly those with occupations related to death such as executioners, gravediggers, slaughterhouse workers, butchers, and tanners. Burakumin are physically indistinguishable from other Japanese but have historically been regarded as a socially distinct group. When identified, they are often subject to discrimination and prejudice. , there were an estimated 3 million ''burakumin'' living in the country, mostly in western Japan. During Japan's feudal era, these occupations acquired a hereditary status of oppression, and later became a formal class within the class system of the Edo period (1603–1868). The stratum immediately below merchants comprised the '' hinin'' (literally "non-persons"), and below them the ''eta'' ("great filth"), who were together known as the ''senmin'' ("base people"). They were subject to various legal restrictions, such as being forced to live i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiichirō Matsumoto
was a Japanese politician, businessman, and leader of the Burakumin liberation movement. Born in Fukuoka Prefecture, Matsumoto led the ''Burakumin'' liberation movement during its activity, earning himself the title "Father of the Buraku Liberation" from the Buraku Liberation League. Career Matsumoto was born in Chikushi District, now part of the city of Fukuoka. His parents were ''Burakumin''. After graduating from Sumiyoshi Elementary School and Kanjō Junior High School in Tokyo, he dropped out of Dalian High School in 1900. During 1907, Matsumoto made his living as a street fortune-teller and quack doctor. In 1910, he was extradited back to his home province by the consul general. By 1911, Matsumoto had established the Matsumoto Company, which specialized in civil engineering and heavy construction. The company was later destroyed by members of the Kyūshū Yakuza Clan. In 1921, the Chikuzenkyō revolutionary group was organized. That same year, during the celebration of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni
was a member of the Japanese imperial family and general of the army who served as prime minister of Japan from 17 August to 9 October 1945. He is the only member of the Japanese imperial family to head a cabinet, and Japan's shortest-serving prime minister, serving for only 54 days. Born in Kyoto, Prince Higashikuni was a son of Prince Kuni Asahiko and married Toshiko, Princess Yasu, a daughter of Emperor Meiji, thus making him an uncle-in-law of Emperor Hirohito. He graduated from the Army Academy and War College, and studied military tactics in France from 1920 to 1926. Upon his return to Japan, he was promoted to general in 1930 and held several military posts, including as commander of the General Defense Command from 1941 to 1944. Prince Higashikuni's appointment as prime minister following the war reflected a hope that his prestige as an imperial prince would help to unite the defeated country. He presided over the signing of the surrender on 2 September 1945 and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ichirō Hatoyama
was a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan, prime minister of Japan from 1954 to 1956. During his tenure he oversaw the formation of the Liberal Democratic Party (Japan), Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and restored official relations with the Soviet Union. Hatoyama was born in Tokyo as the eldest son of politician Kazuo Hatoyama. After graduating from Tokyo Imperial University, he practiced law before entering political life, and was first elected to the Diet in 1915 as a member of the Seiyukai, Rikken Seiyūkai. He served as chief cabinet secretary under Giichi Tanaka from 1927 to 1929, and minister of education under Tsuyoshi Inukai and Makoto Saitō from 1931 to 1934. He was one of the leading members of the Seiyukai prior to its dissolution in 1940, and during the Pacific War opposed the cabinet of Hideki Tōjō. In 1945, Hatoyama founded the Liberal Party (Japan, 1945), Liberal Party, which became the largest party in the first post-war election, but he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shigeyo Takeuchi
Shigeyo Takeuchi (竹内茂代) (August 31, 1881 December 15, 1975) was a Japanese physician. She was one of the first women elected to the Japanese Diet, though she only served one term. Early life and education Takeuchi was born Shigeyo Ide on August 31, 1881 in what is now Kawakami, Nagano. She was the oldest daughter of a local politician. As a child, she briefly attended elementary school, but stopped to take care of her siblings. After contracting alopecia, she went to a hospital in Tokyo, where she was inspired to become a physician by two female physicians who worked there. She studied under Yoshioka Yayoi, and graduated from the Tokyo Women's Medical University in 1908. She was a member of the university's first graduating class. She married Kohei Takeuchi in 1916. Career Takeuchi opened a private practice in Shinjuku in 1919. She also became active in the Japanese women's suffrage movement, and was a member of the Japanese Women's Suffrage League with Ichikawa Fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keizō Shibusawa
Viscount was a Japanese businessman, central banker, philanthropist and folklorist. He was the 16th governor of the Bank of Japan (BOJ). Early life Shibusawa was born in Tokyo. He was the grandson of Shibusawa Eiichi.Tamaki, Norio. (1995). Career Shibusawa was governor of the Bank of Japan from March 18, 1944 – October 9, 1945. He left the bank to serve as Finance Minister in the brief post-war government of Kijūrō Shidehara in 1945–1946. ''The Argus'' (Australia). 9 October 1945, p. 1; retrieved 2011-08-21 The dissolution of the Japanese '''' w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masatsune Ogura
was a Japanese politician and businessman. Business career In 1930 he became the president of Sumitomo Group. During his period as president the company developed into a zaibatsu. The Ogura family served as retainers for the Nishio Clan which held possession of the Kanazawa Domain. Ogura joined the company in 1899 at the age of 24. He is credited for developing the Konomai Gold Mine, the biggest gold mine in East Asia at the time, and for streamlining management for the company, reorganizing it into a corporation.Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Masatsune Ogura, sixth Director General who streamlined Sumitomo management Political career In 1941 he was appointed |
Asahi Shimbun
is a Japanese daily newspaper founded in 1879. It is one of the oldest newspapers in Japan and Asia, and is considered a newspaper of record for Japan. The ''Asahi Shimbun'' is one of the five largest newspapers in Japan along with the ''Yomiuri Shimbun'', the ''Mainichi Shimbun'', the ''The Nikkei, Nihon Keizai Shimbun'' and ''Chunichi Shimbun''. The newspaper's circulation, which was 4.57 million for its morning edition and 1.33 million for its evening edition as of July 2021, was second behind that of the ''Yomiuri Shimbun''. By print circulation, it is the second List of newspapers in the world by circulation, largest newspaper in the world behind the ''Yomiuri'', though its digital size trails that of many global newspapers including ''The New York Times''. Its publisher, is a media conglomerate with its registered headquarters in Osaka. It is a privately held company, privately held family business with ownership and control remaining with the founding Murayama and Uen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taketora Ogata
was a Japanese journalist, Vice President of the Asahi Shimbun newspaper and later a politician. During the war, he joined the Imperial Rule Assistance Association. After the end of the war, he was purged from public service. Later, he became the Chief Secretary of the 4th Yoshida Cabinet, Vice President and then President of the Liberal Party of Japan of Japan, but he died before becoming a prime minister. Life He was born in Yamagata City, Yamagata Prefecture, in 1888 as the third son of Ogata Dōhei, the secretary of Yamagata Prefecture. At age 4, he went to Fukuoka city because his father became the secretary of Fukuoka Prefecture. He studied at Fukuoka Prefectural Shuyukan High School, where Seigō Nakano was his one-year senior. Of the same age was Daigorō Yasukawa. They later became influential friends. He graduated from Waseda University in 1911 and joined the Tokyo branch of the Osaka ''Asahi Shimbun''. In 1925, Ogata became the editor of the Tokyo ''Asahi Shi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fusae Ichikawa
was a Japanese people, Japanese feminist, politician and a leader of the Women's suffrage in Japan, women's suffrage movement. Ichikawa was a key supporter of women's suffrage in Japan, and her activism was partially responsible for the extension of the franchise to women in 1945. Early life Born in Bisai, Aichi Prefecture in 1893, Ichikawa was raised with an emphasis on education but also as a witness to her mother's physical abuse from her father. She attended the Aichi Women's Teacher Academy with the intention of becoming a primary school teacher. Upon her relocation to Tokyo in the 1910s, however, she became exposed to the women's movement. Returning to Aichi in 1917, she became the first woman reporter with the ''Chunichi Shimbun, Nagoya Newspaper''. In 1920 she co-founded the New Women's Association (新婦人協会, ''Shin-fujin kyokai'') together with pioneering Japanese feminist Hiratsuka Raicho. Women's suffrage The New Women's Association was the first Japanese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
