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Preamble To The United States Constitution
The Preamble to the United States Constitution, beginning with the words We the People, is a brief introductory statement of the Constitution's fundamental purposes and guiding principles. Courts have referred to it as reliable evidence of the Founding Fathers' intentions regarding the Constitution's meaning and what they hoped the Constitution would achieve. The preamble was mainly written by Gouverneur Morris, a Pennsylvania delegate to the 1787 Constitutional Convention held at Independence Hall in Philadelphia. Text Drafting The Preamble was placed in the Constitution during the last days of the Constitutional Convention by the Committee on Style, which wrote its final draft, with Gouverneur Morris leading the effort. It was not proposed or discussed on the floor of the convention beforehand. The initial wording of the preamble did not refer to the people of ''the United States''; rather, it referred to people of the various states, which was the norm. In earli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution We The People
A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organization or other type of entity, and commonly determines how that entity is to be governed. When these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents, those documents may be said to embody a ''written constitution''; if they are encompassed in a single comprehensive document, it is said to embody a ''codified constitution''. The Constitution of the United Kingdom is a notable example of an ''uncodified constitution''; it is instead written in numerous fundamental acts of a legislature, court cases, and treaties. Constitutions concern different levels of organizations, from sovereign countries to companies and unincorporated associations. A treaty that establishes an international organization is also its constitution, in that it would define how that organization is constituted. Within states, a constitution defin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frivolous Litigation
Frivolous litigation is the use of legal processes with apparent disregard for the merit of one's own arguments. It includes presenting an argument with reason to know that it would certainly fail, or acting without a basic level of diligence in researching the relevant law and facts. That an argument was lost does not imply the argument was frivolous; a party may present an argument with a low chance of success, so long as it proceeds from applicable law. Frivolous litigation may be based on absurd legal theories, may involve a superabundance or repetition of motions or additional suits, may be uncivil or harassing to the court, or may claim extreme remedies. A claim or defense may be frivolous because it had no underlying justification in fact, or because it was not presented with an argument for a reasonable extension or reinterpretation of the law. A claim may be deemed frivolous because existing laws unequivocally prohibit such a claim, such as a Good Samaritan law. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Carolina V
South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both west and east. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic ''*sunþaz'' ("south"), possibly related to the same Proto-Indo-European root that the word ''sun'' derived from. Some languages describe south in the same way, from the fact that it is the direction of the sun at noon (in the Northern Hemisphere), like Latin meridies 'noon, south' (from medius 'middle' + dies 'day', ), while others describe south as the right-hand side of the rising sun, like Biblical Hebrew תֵּימָן teiman 'south' from יָמִין yamin 'right', Aramaic תַּימנַא taymna from יָמִין yamin 'right' and Syriac ܬܰܝܡܢܳܐ taymna from ܝܰܡܝܺܢܳܐ yamina (hence the name of Yemen, the land to the south/right of the Levant). South is sometimes abbreviated as S. Navigation By convention, the ''bottom or down ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limbach V
Limbach may refer to: Places Austria *Limbach (Burgenland), a village, see Hungarian exonyms (Burgenland) Germany * Limbach, Baden-Württemberg, a town in the district of Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis * Limbach, Bad Kreuznach, a municipality in Rhineland-Palatinate *, a quarter of Kirkel, Saarland * Limbach, Westerwaldkreis, a community in Rhineland-Palatinate * Limbach, Vogtland, a municipality in Saxony *Limbach-Oberfrohna, a town in the district of Zwickau, Saxony Slovakia *Limbach, Slovakia, a municipality in Pezinok District, Bratislava Region Other * Limbach Flugmotoren, German manufacturer of aircraft engines People * Anna Limbach (born 1989), German sabre fencer * Nicolas Limbach Nicolas Limbach (born 29 December 1985) is a German fencer, world champion in 2009 and team world champion in 2014. He won the Fencing World Cup in 2008–2009, 2009–2010 and 2011–2012. Biography Limbach was born in a family closely invo ... (born 1985), German fencer * Thea Limbach (b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hooven & Allison Co
Hooven is a census-designated place (CDP) in southeastern Whitewater Township, Hamilton County, Ohio, United States. The population was 464 at the 2020 census. Geography Hooven is located in the valley of the Great Miami River, northwest of downtown Cincinnati. State Route 128 is the main road through the community, running northeast to Miamitown. U.S. Route 50 forms the southern edge of the CDP, and Interstate 275 forms the northwestern edge, with access to Hooven via Exit 21. The Great Miami River is the eastern edge of the community. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and , or 2.96%, is water. Demographics As of the census of 2020, there were 464 people living in the CDP, for a population density of 180.19 people per square mile (69.57/km2). There were 207 housing units. The racial makeup of the CDP was 94.4% White, 0.2% Black or African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.4% Pacific Islander, 1.1% ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virginia V
Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States between the East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The state's List of capitals in the United States, capital is Richmond, Virginia, Richmond and its most populous city is Virginia Beach, Virginia, Virginia Beach. Its most populous subdivision is Fairfax County, Virginia, Fairfax County, part of Northern Virginia, where slightly over a third of Virginia's population of more than 8.8million live. Eastern Virginia is part of the Atlantic Plain, and the Middle Peninsula forms the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay. Central Virginia lies predominantly in the Piedmont (United States), Piedmont, the foothill region of the Blue Ridge Mountains, which cross the western and southwestern parts of the state. The fertile Shenandoah Valley fosters the state's mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noscitur A Sociis
Statutory interpretation is the process by which courts interpret and apply legislation. Some amount of interpretation is often necessary when a case involves a statute. Sometimes the words of a statute have a plain and a straightforward meaning, but in many cases, there is some ambiguity in the words of the statute that must be resolved by the judge. To find the meanings of statutes, judges use various tools and methods of statutory interpretation, including traditional canons of statutory interpretation, legislative history, and purpose. In common law jurisdictions, the judiciary may apply rules of statutory interpretation both to legislation enacted by the legislature and to delegated legislation such as administrative agency regulations. History Statutory interpretation first became significant in common law systems, of which historically England is the exemplar. In Roman and civil law, a statute (or code) guides the magistrate, but there is no judicial precedent. In Engl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
McPherson V
McPherson is a Scottish surname. It is an Anglicised form of the Gaelic ''Mac a' Phearsain'' and ''Mac a Phearsoin'', meaning "son of the parson". Notable people with the surname include: In sports *Adrian McPherson, American football player * Archie McPherson (footballer), Scottish footballer * Bill McPherson (other), multiple people * Cheryl McPherson (born 1963), Canadian curler * Dallas McPherson, American baseball player * Daniel McPherson, Australian rules footballer * David McPherson (other), multiple people * Don McPherson, American academic and football player * Donald McPherson (figure skater), Canadian figure skater *Evan McPherson (born 1999), American football player * James McPherson (cricketer), (1842–1891), Australian cricketer * John McPherson (other), multiple people * Kristy McPherson, Professional golfer on the LPGA * Lachlan McPherson (born 1900), Scottish footballer * Robert McPherson (other), multiple people In pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sixteenth Amendment To The United States Constitution
The Sixteenth Amendment (Amendment XVI) to the United States Constitution allows Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states on the basis of population. It was passed by Congress in 1909 in response to the 1895 Supreme Court case of '' Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.'' The Sixteenth Amendment was ratified by the requisite number of states on February 3, 1913, and effectively overruled the Supreme Court's ruling in ''Pollock''. Prior to the early 20th century, most federal revenue came from tariffs rather than taxes, although Congress had often imposed excise taxes on various goods. The Revenue Act of 1861 had introduced the first federal income tax, but that tax was repealed in 1872. During the late nineteenth century, various groups, including the Populist Party, favored the establishment of a progressive income tax at the federal level. These groups believed that tariffs unfairly taxed the poor, and they favored using the income tax t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pollock V
Pollock or pollack (pronounced ) is the common name used for either of the two species of North Atlantic marine fish in the genus ''Pollachius''. '' Pollachius pollachius'' is referred to as "pollock" in North America, Ireland and the United Kingdom, while '' Pollachius virens'' is usually known as saithe or coley in Great Britain and Ireland (derived from the older name coalfish). Other names for ''P. pollachius'' include the Atlantic pollock, European pollock, ''lieu jaune'', and lythe or lithe; while ''P. virens'' is also known as Boston blue (distinct from bluefish) and silver bill. Species The recognized species in this genus are: * '' Pollachius pollachius'' (Linnaeus, 1758) (pollack) * '' Pollachius virens'' (Linnaeus, 1758) (coalfish) Description Both species can grow to . ''P. virens'' can weigh up to and ''P. pollachius'' can weigh up to . ''P. virens'' has a strongly defined, silvery lateral line running down the sides. Above the late ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Statutory Interpretation
Statutory interpretation is the process by which courts interpret and apply legislation. Some amount of interpretation is often necessary when a case involves a statute. Sometimes the words of a statute have a plain and a straightforward meaning, but in many cases, there is some ambiguity in the words of the statute that must be resolved by the judge. To find the meanings of statutes, judges use various tools and methods of statutory interpretation, including traditional canons of statutory interpretation, legislative history, and purpose. In common law jurisdictions, the judiciary may apply rules of statutory interpretation both to legislation enacted by the legislature and to delegated legislation such as administrative agency regulations. History Statutory interpretation first became significant in common law systems, of which historically England is the exemplar. In Roman and civil law, a statute (or code) guides the magistrate, but there is no judicial precedent. In Eng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
