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Podocarp
Podocarpaceae is a large family of mainly southern hemisphere conifers, known in English as podocarps, comprising about 156 species of evergreen trees and shrubs.James E. Eckenwalder. 2009. ''Conifers of the World''. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. . It contains 20 genera if '' Phyllocladus'' is included and '' Manoao'' and '' Sundacarpus'' are recognized. The family achieved its maximum diversity in the Cenozoic, making the Podocarpaceae family one of the most diverse in the southern hemisphere. The family is a classic member of the Antarctic flora, with its main centres of diversity in Australasia, particularly New Caledonia, Tasmania, and New Zealand, and to a slightly lesser extent Malesia and South America (primarily in the Andes Mountains). Several genera extend north of the equator into Indochina and the Philippines. ''Podocarpus'' reaches as far north as southern Japan and southern China in Asia, and Mexico in the Americas, and '' Nageia'' into southern China and souther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Podocarpus
''Podocarpus'' () is a genus of conifers, the most numerous and widely distributed of the podocarp family, the Podocarpaceae. ''Podocarpus'' species are evergreen shrubs or trees, usually from tall, known to reach at times. The cones have two to five fused cone scales, which form a fleshy, berry-like, brightly coloured receptacle at maturity. The fleshy cones attract birds, which then eat the cones and disperse the seeds in their droppings. ''Plants of the World Online'' accepts 116 species. Other authorities place 97 to 107 species in the genus depending on the circumscription of the species.Earle, Chris J.''Podocarpus''.The Gymnosperm Database. 2013. Species are cultivated as ornamental plants for parks and large gardens. The cultivar 'County Park Fire' has won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Etymology The name comes from Greek ''poús'' meaning "foot" and ''karpós'' meaning "fruit". Names Common names for various species include "ye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nageia
''Nageia'' is a genus of conifers belonging to the podocarp family Podocarpaceae.Christopher N. Page. 1990. "Podocarpaceae" pages 332-346. In: Klaus Kubitzki (general editor); Karl U. Kramer and Peter S. Green (volume editors) ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants'' volume I. Springer-Verlag: Berlin;Heidelberg, Germany. ''Nageia'' includes evergreen shrubs and trees, from one to 54 meters in height. A 2009 Treatise, treatment of the genus recognized five species.James E. Eckenwalder. 2009. ''Conifers of the World''. Timber Press: Portland, OR, USA. . Some authors consider ''Nageia formosensis'' to be a separate species from ''Nageia nagi'', thus recognizing six species. The podocarp genera have been reshuffled by various botanists. Most recently, several species formerly classed as ''Nageia'' were moved to the new genus ''Retrophyllum'', while ''Nageia falcata'' and ''Nageia mannii'' were moved to the new genus ''Afrocarpus''. Description ''Nageia'' are evergreen woody p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Podocarpus Elatus
''Podocarpus elatus'', known as the plum pine, the brown pine, the Illawarra plum or the Queensland Christmas tree, is a species of ''Podocarpus'' endemic to the east coast of Australia, in eastern New South Wales and eastern Queensland. It is a medium to large evergreen tree growing to 30–36 m tall with a trunk up to 1.5 m diameter. The leaves are lanceolate, 5–15 cm long (to 25 cm long on vigorous young trees) and 6–18 mm broad. The seed cones are dark blue-purple, berry-like, with a fleshy base 2-2.5 cm diameter bearing a single oval or globose seed 1 cm in diameter. Uses The fleshy part of the seed cone is edible, used in condiments. The timber was prized for furniture, joinery, boat planking, lining and piles in salt water. ''Podocarpus elatus'' is an attractive ornamental tree. In older Australian suburbs, the plum pine is used as an ornamental street tree, such as at Baldry Street, Chatswood. The fruit has been used as a suitable alternativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Afrocarpus
''Afrocarpus'' is a genus of conifer of the family Podocarpaceae. Five species are recognized. They are evergreen trees native to Africa. ''Afrocarpus'' was designated a genus in 1989, when several species formerly classified in ''Podocarpus'' and ''Nageia'' were reclassified.Christopher N. Page. 1989. "New and maintained genera in the conifer families Podocarpaceae and Pinaceae". ''Notes of the Royal Botanical Garden Edinburgh'' 45(2): 377-395. Taxonomy ''Afrocarpus'' was originally erected in 1948 as a section of the genus ''Podocarpus'', following a review of the latter by botanists John Theodore Buchholz and Netta Elizabeth Gray. It was raised to genus status by Christopher Nigel Page in 1989, a move well supported by more recent studies. In a 2009 treatment of the genus, only two species were recognized; ''A. dawei'', ''A. gracilior'', and ''A. usambarensis'' were sunk into ''A. falcatus''. The reason for this merger was that "variation across the group appears to be essentia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Phyllocladaceae
''Phyllocladus'', the celery pines, is a small genus of conifers, now usually placed in the family Podocarpaceae.James E. Eckenwalder. 2009. ''Conifers of the World''. Timber Press: Portland, OR, USA. .'' ''Species occur mainly in New Zealand, Tasmania, and Malesia in the Southern Hemisphere, though '' P. hypophyllus ''ranges into the Philippines, a short way north of the equator. Characteristics They are small to medium-sized trees, reaching 10–30 m tall, or sometimes small shrubs. The main structural shoots are green for 2–3 years, then turn brown as the bark thickens. The leaves are sparse, tiny, scale-like, 2–3 mm long, and only green (photosynthetic) for a short time, soon turning brown. Most photosynthesis is performed by highly modified, leaf-like short shoots called phylloclades; these develop in the axils of the scale leaves, and are simple or compound (depending on species). Simple phylloclades are rhombic, 2–5 cm long, and compound phylloclades are u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Phyllocladus
''Phyllocladus'', the celery pines, is a small genus of conifers, now usually placed in the family Podocarpaceae.James E. Eckenwalder. 2009. ''Conifers of the World''. Timber Press: Portland, OR, USA. .'' ''Species occur mainly in New Zealand, Tasmania, and Malesia in the Southern Hemisphere, though '' P. hypophyllus ''ranges into the Philippines, a short way north of the equator. Characteristics They are small to medium-sized trees, reaching 10–30 m tall, or sometimes small shrubs. The main structural shoots are green for 2–3 years, then turn brown as the bark thickens. The leaves are sparse, tiny, scale-like, 2–3 mm long, and only green (photosynthetic) for a short time, soon turning brown. Most photosynthesis is performed by highly modified, leaf-like short shoots called phylloclades; these develop in the axils of the scale leaves, and are simple or compound (depending on species). Simple phylloclades are rhombic, 2–5 cm long, and compound phylloclades ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Gymnosperm
The gymnosperms ( ; ) are a group of woody, perennial Seed plant, seed-producing plants, typically lacking the protective outer covering which surrounds the seeds in flowering plants, that include Pinophyta, conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophyta, gnetophytes, forming the clade Gymnospermae. The term ''gymnosperm'' comes from the composite word in ( and ), and literally means 'naked seeds'. The name is based on the unenclosed condition of their seeds (called ovules in their unfertilized state). The non-encased condition of their seeds contrasts with the seeds and ovules of flowering plants (angiosperms), which are enclosed within an Ovary (botany), ovary. Gymnosperm seeds develop either on the surface of scales or Leaf, leaves, which are often modified to form Conifer cone, cones, or on their own as in Taxus, yew, ''Torreya'', and ''Ginkgo''. The life cycle of a gymnosperm involves alternation of generations, with a dominant diploid sporophyte phase, and a reduced haploid gam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Conifer
Conifers () are a group of conifer cone, cone-bearing Spermatophyte, seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the phylum, division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class (biology), class, Pinopsida. All Neontology, extant conifers are perennial plant, perennial woody plants with secondary growth. The majority are trees, though a few are shrubs. Examples include Cedrus, cedars, Pseudotsuga, Douglas-firs, Cupressaceae, cypresses, firs, junipers, Agathis, kauri, larches, pines, Tsuga, hemlocks, Sequoioideae, redwoods, spruces, and Taxaceae, yews.Campbell, Reece, "Phylum Coniferophyta". ''Biology''. 7th ed. 2005. Print. p. 595. As of 2002, Pinophyta contained seven families, 60 to 65 genera, and more than 600 living species. Although the total number of species is relatively small, conifers are ecology, ecologically important. They are the dominant plants over large areas of land, most notably ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Parasitaxus Usta
''Parasitaxus usta'', also known in French as ''cèdre rabougri'', is a rare species of conifer of the family Podocarpaceae, and the sole species of the genus ''Parasitaxus''. Description It is a woody shrub up to 1.8 m endemic to the remote, densely forested areas of New Caledonia, first discovered and described by Vieillard in 1861. The first definitive report that it was a parasite was in 1959. Taxonomy Molecular phylogenetic analysis also suggest affinities between ''Parasitaxus'' and the genera ''Manoao'' (New Zealand) and ''Lagarostrobos'' (Tasmania). ''Parasitaxus'' has been shown to contain high levels of chlorophyll. However, a genome analysis shows that many genes for photosynthesis are missing from the parasite's plastid genome, strongly suggesting that ''Parasitaxus'' completely depends on its host for survival. Around 60% of the genes normally present in a podocarp plastid genome were entirely absent or present only as fragments. They were predominantly genes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Dacrycarpus
''Dacrycarpus'' is a genus of conifers belonging to the Family (biology), family Podocarpaceae.Christopher N. Page. 1990. "Podocarpaceae" pages 332-346. In: Klaus Kubitzki (general editor); Karl U. Kramer and Peter S. Green (volume editors) ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants'' volume I. Springer-Verlag: Berlin;Heidelberg, Germany. The genus includes nine species of plant sexuality, dioecious evergreen trees and shrubs to in height.James E. Eckenwalder. 2009. ''Conifers of the World''. Timber Press: Portland, OR, USA. . Species The species of ''Dacrycarpus'' Range (biology), range from New Zealand and Fiji, across New Caledonia, New Guinea, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines to northern Myanmar and southern China. The greatest Biodiversity, diversity (five species) exists in New Guinea. References External links DacrycarpusAtAtThe Gymnosperm Database {{Authority control Dacrycarpus, Podocarpaceae genera Dioecious plants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Dacrydium
''Dacrydium'' is a genus of conifers belonging to the podocarp family Podocarpaceae. Sixteen species of evergreen Plant sexuality, dioecious trees and shrubs are presently recognized. The genus was first described by Solander in 1786, and formerly included many more species, which were divided into sections A, B, and C by Florin in 1931. The revisions of de Laubenfels and Quinn (see references), reclassified the former section A as the new genus ''Falcatifolium'', divided Section C into new genera ''Lepidothamnus, Lagarostrobos'' and ''Halocarpus'', and retained Section B as genus ''Dacrydium''. Species , Plants of the World Online accepted twenty one species: Distribution The natural range of ''Dacrydium'' extends from New Zealand, New Caledonia, Fiji and the Solomon Islands through Malesia (New Guinea, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines), to Thailand and southern China. References *de Laubenfels, David J. 1969. A revision of the Melanesia and Pacific rainforest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sundacarpus
''Sundacarpus'' is a genus of conifers containing a single species ''Sundacarpus amarus'', belonging to the family Podocarpaceae. ''Sundacarpus'' was designated a genus by C.N.Page in 1989; formerly it had been classified variously as a species of ''Podocarpus'' or of '' Prumnopitys''. In Australia it is treated as ''Prumnopitys amara'' (Blume) de Laub. Description ''Sundacarpus amarus'' is a large evergreen tree, in height, with a trunk from in diameter. The leaves are long and narrow. Distribution and habitat ''Sundacarpus amarus'' is native to parts of Australia and Malesia. In Australia, the genus is found only in Queensland, primarily on the Atherton Tableland and adjacent parts of northeastern coastal Queensland. It is quite common in New Guinea, New Britain, and New Ireland, where it is often found in montane forests together with southern beech (''Nothofagus''). ''Sundacarpus amarus'' is also found on the Indonesian islands of Buru, Halmahera, Morotai, Sulawesi, Lom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
