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Pictorialism
Pictorialism is an international style and aesthetic movement that dominated photography during the later 19th and early 20th centuries. There is no standard definition of the term, but in general it refers to a style in which the photographer has somehow manipulated what would otherwise be a straightforward photograph as a means of creating an image rather than simply recording it. Typically, a pictorial photograph appears to lack a sharp focus (some more so than others), is printed in one or more colors other than black-and-white (ranging from warm brown to deep blue) and may have visible brush strokes or other manipulation of the surface. For the pictorialist, a photograph, like a painting, drawing or engraving, was a way of projecting an emotional intent into the viewer's realm of imagination. Pictorialism as a movement thrived from about 1885 to 1915, although it was still being promoted by some as late as the 1940s. It began in response to claims that a photograph was nothin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Linked Ring
The Linked Ring (also known as "The Brotherhood of the Linked Ring") was a British photographic society created to propose and defend photography as being just as much an art as it was a science. Members dedicated to the craft looked for new techniques that would cause the less knowledgeable to steer away, persuading photographers and enthusiasts to experiment with chemical processes, printing techniques and new styles. Motivation to create the Linked Ring Photography was interpreted in two ways: art photography and science photography. The science of photography requires practice that determines the outcome of the image, whereas the art aspect of photography concerns itself with the aesthetic experience and success of the photograph to the viewer. These differences created a tension in the craft that the Linked Ring sought to change. The group was founded in May 1892 by Henry Peach Robinson, former Photographic Society of Great Britain member George Davison (photographer), Geor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photo-Secession
The Photo-Secession was an early 20th century movement that promoted photography as a fine art in general and photographic pictorialism in particular. A group of photographers, led by Alfred Stieglitz and F. Holland Day in the early 20th century, held the then controversial viewpoint that what was significant about a photograph was not what was in front of the camera but the manipulation of the image by the artist/photographer to achieve his or her subjective vision. The movement helped to raise standards and awareness of art photography. The group is the American counterpart to the Linked Ring, an invitation-only British group which seceded from the Royal Photographic Society. Context and history The group was formed in 1902 after Stieglitz was asked by the National Arts Club to put together an exhibition of the best in contemporary American photography. While organizing the show, Stieglitz had a disagreement with some of the more conservative members of the Club about which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Seeley (photographer)
George Henry Seeley (1880–1955) was an American photographer, primarily associated with the pictorialist movement. Early life and education Seeley was born in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, and attended the Massachusetts Normal Art School from 1897 to 1901, as a student in painting.George Seeley: Winter Landscape . He studied under , who encouraged his interest in natural light, and became interested in photography after meeting |
Edward Steichen
Edward Jean Steichen (; March 27, 1879 – March 25, 1973) was a Luxembourgish American photographer, painter and curator and a pioneer of fashion photography. His gown images for the magazine ''Art et Décoration'' in 1911 were the first modern fashion photographs to be published. From 1923 to 1938, Steichen served as chief photographer for the Condé Nast Publications, Condé Nast magazines ''Vogue (magazine), Vogue'' and ''Vanity Fair (American magazine 1913–1936), Vanity Fair'', while also working for many advertising agencies, including J. Walter Thompson. During these years, Steichen was regarded as the most popular and highest-paid photographer in the world. After the United States' entry into World War II, Steichen was invited by the United States Navy to serve as Director of the Naval Aviation Photographic Unit. In 1944, he directed the war documentary film, documentary ''The Fighting Lady'', which won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature at the 17th Academy A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camera Work
''Camera Work'' was a quarterly photographic journal published by Alfred Stieglitz from 1903 to 1917. It presented high-quality photogravures by some of the most important photographers in the world. The goal of the journal was to establish photography as a fine art. It was called "consummately intellectual", as well as, "by far the most beautiful of all photographic magazines" and, "a portrait of an age n whichthe artistic sensibility of the nineteenth century was transformed into the artistic awareness of the present day." Background At the start of the 20th century, Alfred Stieglitz was an important figure in American photography. He had been working for many years to raise the status of photography as a fine art. He did this by writing numerous articles, creating exhibitions, and exhibiting his own work, especially by trying to influence the artistic direction of the Camera Club of New York. He was not successful in the latter, and as a result, by the spring of 1902 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gertrude Käsebier
Gertrude Käsebier (born Stanton; May 18, 1852 – October 12, 1934) was an American photographer. She was known for her images of motherhood, her portraits of Native Americans in the United States, Native Americans, and her promotion of photography as a career for women. Biography Early life (1852–1873) Käsebier was born Gertrude Stanton on May 18, 1852, in Fort Des Moines (now Des Moines, Iowa). Her mother was Muncy Boone Stanton and her father was John W. Stanton. He transported a saw mill to Golden, Colorado, at the start of the Pike's Peak Gold Rush of 1859, and he prospered from the building boom that followed. In 1860, eight-year-old Stanton traveled with her mother and younger brother to join her father in Colorado. That same year, her father was elected the first mayor of Golden, which was then the capital of the Colorado Territory. During her four years in Colorado, she developed an interest in and affection for Native Americans. She would visit with them, and then ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photo-club De Paris
The Photo-club de Paris was a French photographic society for amateur photographers, established in 1888, committed to advancing the art of photography. History The Photo-club de Paris was established in 1888 by Robert Demachy and Maurice Bucquet, both former members of the Société française de photographie (SFP). The club was an exclusive association for French amateur photographers, significantly contributing to the evolution of artistic photography.The Photo-beacon (p. 120). (1903). United States: Beacon publishing Company. Members of the Photo-club promoted the aesthetic principles of Pictorialism. It became one of the leading societies that directed the worldwide artistic movement in the photographic field, including the Vienna Camera Club, the Linked Ring in London, the Belgian Association of Photography ("l'Association belge de Photographie"), and the Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Amateur-Photographie in Hamburg. The active participation of amateur photographers led t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alvin Langdon Coburn
Alvin Langdon Coburn (June 11, 1882 – November 23, 1966) was an American photographer who became a key figure in the development of pictorialism. He became the first major photographer to emphasize the visual potential of elevated viewpoints and later made some of the first completely abstract photographs. Life Childhood (1882–1899) Coburn was born on June 11, 1882, at 134 East Springfield Street in Boston, Massachusetts, to a middle-class family. His father, who had established the successful firm of Coburn & Whitman Shirts, died when Alvin was seven. After that he was raised solely by his mother, Fannie, who remained the primary influence in his early life, even though she remarried when he was a teenager. In his autobiography, Coburn wrote: "My mother was a remarkable woman of very strong character who tried to dominate my life…It was a battle royal all the days of our life together." In 1890, the family visited his maternal uncles in Los Angeles, and they gave him a 4 x ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photography
Photography is the visual arts, art, application, and practice of creating images by recording light, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film. It is employed in many fields of science, manufacturing (e.g., photolithography), and business, as well as its more direct uses for art, film and video production, recreational purposes, hobby, and mass communication. A person who operates a camera to capture or take Photograph, photographs is called a photographer, while the captured image, also known as a photograph, is the result produced by the camera. Typically, a lens is used to focus (optics), focus the light reflected or emitted from objects into a real image on the light-sensitive surface inside a camera during a timed Exposure (photography), exposure. With an electronic image sensor, this produces an Charge-coupled device, electrical charge at each pixel, which is Image processing, electro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ansel Adams
Ansel Easton Adams (February 20, 1902 – April 22, 1984) was an American landscape photographer and environmentalist known for his Monochrome photography, black-and-white images of the American West. He helped found Group f/64, an association of photographers advocating "pure" photography which favored Deep focus, sharp focus and the use of the full Dynamic range#Photography, tonal range of a photograph. He and Fred R. Archer, Fred Archer developed a system of image-making called the Zone System, a method of achieving a desired final print through a technical understanding of how the tonal range of an image is the result of choices made in Exposure (photography), exposure, Negative (photography), negative development, and Photographic printing, printing. Adams was a life-long advocate for Nature conservation, environmental conservation, and his photographic practice was deeply entwined with this advocacy. At age 14, he was given his first camera during his first visit to Yosemi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Eastman
George Eastman (July 12, 1854March 14, 1932) was an American entrepreneur who founded the Kodak, Eastman Kodak Company and helped to bring the photographic use of roll film into the mainstream. After a decade of experiments in photography, he patented and sold a roll film camera, making amateur photography accessible to the general public for the first time. Working as the treasurer and later president of Kodak, he oversaw the expansion of the company and the film industry. Eastman was a major philanthropist, establishing the Eastman School of Music, Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra, and schools of dentistry and medicine at the University of Rochester and Eastman Dental Hospital at University College London, and making large contributions to the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), the construction of several buildings at the second campus of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) on the Charles River, and Tuskegee University and Hampton University, two historically b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kodak
The Eastman Kodak Company, referred to simply as Kodak (), is an American public company that produces various products related to its historic basis in film photography. The company is headquartered in Rochester, New York, and is incorporated in New Jersey. It is best known for photographic film products, which it brought to a mass market for the first time. Kodak began as a partnership between George Eastman and Henry A. Strong to develop a film roll camera. After the release of the Kodak camera, Eastman Kodak was incorporated on May 23, 1892. Under Eastman's direction, the company became one of the world's largest film and camera manufacturers, and also developed a model of welfare capitalism and a close relationship with the city of Rochester. During most of the 20th century, Kodak held a dominant position in photographic film, and produced a number of technological innovations through heavy investment in research and development at Kodak Research Laboratories. Kodak produce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
