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Pennisetum
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family, native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands. Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur. Such names allude to the sharp, spine-covered burrs characterizing the inflorescences of the members of the genus. Those previously classified as ''Pennisetum'' are known commonly as fountaingrasses (fountain grasses).''Pennisetum''.
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
''Pennisetum''.
The Jepson eFlora 2013.


Taxonomy

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Pennisetum Setaceum-Guinther
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family, native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands. Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur. Such names allude to the sharp, spine-covered burrs characterizing the inflorescences of the members of the genus. Those previously classified as ''Pennisetum'' are known commonly as fountaingrasses (fountain grasses).''Pennisetum''.
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
''Pennisetum''.
The Jepson eFlora 2013.


Taxonomy
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Pennisetum Clandestinum
''Cenchrus'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family, native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands. Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur. Such names allude to the sharp, spine-covered burrs characterizing the inflorescences of the members of the genus. Those previously classified as ''Pennisetum'' are known commonly as fountaingrasses (fountain grasses).''Pennisetum''.
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
''Pennisetum''.
The Jepson eFlora 2013.


Taxonomy

...
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Pearl Millet
Pearl millet (''Cenchrus americanus'', commonly known as the synonym ''Pennisetum glaucum'') is the most widely grown type of millet. It has been grown in Africa and the Indian subcontinent since prehistoric times. The center of diversity, and suggested area of domestication, for the crop is in the Sahel zone of West Africa. Recent archaeobotanical research has confirmed the presence of domesticated pearl millet on the Sahel zone of northern Mali between 2500 and 2000 BC. 2023 was the , declared by the United Nations General Assembly in 2021. Description Pearl millet has ovoid grains of length, the largest kernels of all varieties of millet (not including sorghum). These can be nearly white, pale yellow, brown, grey, slate blue or purple. The 1000-seed weight can be anything from 2.5 to 14 g with a mean of 8 g. The height of the plant ranges from . Cultivation Pearl millet is well adapted to growing areas characterized by drought, low soil fertility, low moisture, and high t ...
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Pennisetum Villosum
''Cenchrus longisetus'', previously ''Pennisetum villosum'', is a species of flowering plant in the family (botany), family Poaceae, known by the common name feathertop grass or just feathertop. It is native to northeastern Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula, and it is grown elsewhere as an ornamental plant. It can sometimes be found growing wild where it has escaped plant, escaped cultivation. This is a perennial grass growing in rhizome, rhizomatous clumps, producing erect stems up to about 75 centimeters tall. The inflorescence is a panicle of clustered spikelets surrounded by a cloudlike mass of plumose white bristles up to 5 centimeters long. The Latin binomial nomenclature, specific epithet ''villosum'' means "with soft hairs". In temperate climates it is hardy in mild or coastal areas, where temperatures do not fall much below freezing. Alternatively it is often grown as an annual plant, annual. This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garde ...
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Pennisetum Purpureum
''Cenchrus purpureus'', Synonym (taxonomy), synonym ''Pennisetum purpureum'', also known as Napier grass, elephant grass or Uganda grass, is a species of perennial tropical grass native to African grasslands.[Farrell, G., Simons, S. A., & Hillocks, R. J. (2002). Pests, diseases, and weeds of Napier grass, ''Pennisetum purpureum'': a review. International Journal of Pest Management, 48(1), 39-48.] It has low water and nutrient requirements, and therefore can make use of otherwise uncultivated lands.[Strezov, V., Evans, T. J., & Hayman, C. (2008). Thermal conversion of elephant grass ''Pennisetum purpureum'' Schum) to biogas, bio-oil and charcoal. Bioresources Technology, 99, 8394-8399.] Historically, this wild species has been used primarily for grazing, recently, however, it has been used as part of a push–pull agricultural pest management strategy. Napier grasses improve soil fertility, and protect arid land from soil erosion. It is also utilized for firebreaks, windbreaks, i ...
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Chestnut-breasted Mannikin
The chestnut-breasted mannikin (''Lonchura castaneothorax''), also known as the chestnut-breasted munia or bully bird (in Australia), is a small brown-backed munia with a black face and greyish crown and nape. It has a broad ferruginous breast bar above a white belly. The species is found in Australia, New Caledonia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. This species has also been introduced to French Polynesia. Subspecies and location The chestnut-breasted mannikin has a total of six subspecies and seven forms. The subspecies are as follows: * ''L. c. castaneothorax'' – ( Gould, 1837): nominate, occurs in eastern Australia. * ''L. c. assimilis'' – Mathews, 1910: occurs in northern Australia. Not recognized as a valid subspecies by some authorities. Identification: Richer breast and cream ground color to belly and flanks. * ''L. c. ramsayi'' – Delacour, 1943: occurs in southeastern Papua New Guinea. Identification: Distinctive black head with faint scalloping. Female is more not ...
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Peggy Ozias-Akins
Peggy Ozias-Akins is a Distinguished Professor at the University of Georgia known for her work on plant breeding, especially in peanuts. She was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2009. Education and career Ozias-Akins received a B.S. in from Florida State University in 1975. She earned her Ph.D. in botany from the University of Florida in 1981. In 1986 Ozias-Akins moved to the University of Georgia as a faculty member, and in 2017 she was named a distinguished research professor at the University of Georgia. Research Ozias-Akin is known for her work using molecular tools to change how crop plants such as peanuts or millet are grown. Her early research examined how wheat plants and peanuts reproduce using somatic embryogenesis, a process where a plant is formed from a single cell, a somatic embryo. Her early work on peanuts sought to use genetic techniques to reduce a peanut plants susceptibility to diseases. She has used a species ...
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North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea, and to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. The region includes Middle America (Americas), Middle America (comprising the Caribbean, Central America, and Mexico) and Northern America. North America covers an area of about , representing approximately 16.5% of Earth's land area and 4.8% of its total surface area. It is the third-largest continent by size after Asia and Africa, and the list of continents and continental subregions by population, fourth-largest continent by population after Asia, Africa, and Europe. , North America's population was estimated as over 592 million people in list of sovereign states and dependent territories in North America, 23 independent states, or about 7.5% of the world's popula ...
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Herbivore
A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically evolved to feed on plants, especially upon vascular tissues such as foliage, fruits or seeds, as the main component of its diet. These more broadly also encompass animals that eat non-vascular autotrophs such as mosses, algae and lichens, but do not include those feeding on decomposed plant matters (i.e. detritivores) or macrofungi (i.e. fungivores). As a result of their plant-based diet, herbivorous animals typically have mouth structures ( jaws or mouthparts) well adapted to mechanically break down plant materials, and their digestive systems have special enzymes (e.g. amylase and cellulase) to digest polysaccharides. Grazing herbivores such as horses and cattles have wide flat- crowned teeth that are better adapted for grinding grass, tree bark and other tougher lignin-containing materials, and many of them evolved rumination or cecotropic behaviors to better extract nutrients from plants. A larg ...
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Noxious Weed
A noxious weed, harmful weed or injurious weed is a weed that has been designated by an agricultural or other governing authority as a plant that is harmful to agricultural or horticultural crops, natural habitats or ecosystems, or humans or livestock. Most noxious weeds have been introduced species, introduced into an ecosystem by ignorance, mismanagement, or accident. Some noxious weeds are native, though many localities define them as necessarily being non-native. Typically they are plants that grow aggressively, multiply quickly without natural controls (native herbivores, soil chemistry, etc.), and display adverse effects through contact or ingestion. Noxious weeds are a large problem in many parts of the world, greatly affecting areas of agriculture, forestry, forest management, nature reserves, regional park, parks and other open space. Many noxious weeds have come to new regions and countries through contaminated shipments of feed and crop seeds or were intentionally introd ...
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Award Of Garden Merit
The Award of Garden Merit (AGM) is a long-established award for plants by the British Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). It is based on assessment of the plants' performance under UK growing conditions. It includes the full range of cultivated plants, from annuals, biennials and perennials to shrubs and trees. It covers plants grown for specific purposes - such as vegetable crops, fruit, hedging, topiary, groundcover, summer bedding, houseplants, etc. It tests characteristics such as robustness, hardiness, longevity, flowering/fruiting abundance and quality, usefulness, and ease of cultivation. It pays particular attention to a plant's ability to survive and thrive in challenging conditions such as wind and frost. The AGM trophy symbol is widely used in gardening literature as a sign of exceptional quality, and is recognised as such by writers, horticulturalists, nurseries, and everybody in the UK who practises gardening. History The Award of Garden Merit is a mark of quality aw ...
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