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Penalty (Mormonism)
In Mormonism, a penalty is a specified punishment for breaking an oath of secrecy after receiving the Endowment_(Mormonism), Nauvoo endowment ceremony. Adherents promised they would submit to execution in specific ways should they reveal certain contents of the ceremony. In the ceremony participants each symbolically enacted three of the methods of their execution: throat slitting, heart removal, and disembowelment. These penalties were first instituted by Joseph Smith in 1842, and further developed by Brigham Young after death of Joseph Smith, Smith's death. The penalties were similar to oaths made as part of a particular rite of Freemasonry practiced in western New York at the time the endowment was developed. During the 20th century, the largest Mormon denomination, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), gradually softened the graphic nature of their penalties, and in 1990, removed them altogether from its version of the ceremony. Other Mormon denominat ...
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Mormon Woman's Temple Clothing Circa 1870s
Mormons are a Religious denomination, religious and ethnocultural group, cultural group related to Mormonism, the principal branch of the Latter Day Saint movement started by Joseph Smith in upstate New York during the 1820s. After Smith's death in 1844, the movement split into several groups following different leaders; the majority followed Brigham Young, while smaller groups followed Joseph Smith III, Sidney Rigdon, and James Strang. Most of these smaller groups eventually merged into the Community of Christ, and the term ''Mormon'' typically refers to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints membership statistics, members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), as today, this branch is far larger than all the others combined. People who identify as Mormons may also be independently religious, secular, and non-practicing or belong to List of denominations in the Latter Day Saint movement, other denominations. Since 2018, the LDS Church has ex ...
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University Of Nevada, Reno
The University of Nevada, Reno (Nevada, the University of Nevada, or UNR) is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Reno, Nevada, United States. It is the state's flagship public university and primary land grant institution. It was founded on October 12, 1874, in Elko, Nevada. The university is classified as a Doctorate, doctoral, R1 research university by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, Carnegie Classification. In 2018, the university spent $144 million on research and development according to the National Science Foundation. Among its several schools and colleges, the unversity has a University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, medical school and is home to the Donald W. Reynolds School of Journalism from which six Pulitzer Prize winners have graduated. History The Constitution of Nevada, Nevada state constitution established the State University of Nevada in Elko, Nevada, Elko on October 12, ...
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Oath Of Vengeance
In Mormonism, the oath of vengeance (or law of vengeance) was part of the endowment ritual of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) implemented in 1845. Participants swore an oath to pray for God to avenge the blood of prophets. The term "prophets" wasn't explicitly clarified in reported wording of the oath, but many sources have reported it referred to the brothers Joseph and Hyrum Smith, who were killed by a mob the year before Smith's primary successor, Brigham Young, added the oath. The oath was part of the LDS endowment Temple (Latter Day Saints) ceremony for over 80 years (1845—1927). The officiant of the ritual reportedly enjoined the participants as follows: "You and each of you do covenant and promise that you will pray and never cease to pray to Almighty God to avenge the blood of the prophets upon this nation, and that you will teach the same to your children and to your children's children unto the third and fourth generation." Partici ...
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Utah Lighthouse Ministry
Jerald Dee Tanner (June 1, 1938 – October 1, 2006) and Sandra McGee Tanner (born January 14, 1941) are American writers and researchers who publish archival and evidential materials about the history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). The Tanners founded the Utah Lighthouse Ministry (UTLM), whose stated mission is "to document problems with the claims of Mormonism and compare LDS doctrines with Christianity". As of 2025 Sandra Tanner continues to operate the ministry after Jerald's death in 2006. The physical Lighthouse Ministry bookstore closed in 2023. The Tanners, who are ex-Mormon, printed original versions of early Mormon writings and scripture in which they annotated and highlighted doctrinal changes, such as the rejection of Brigham Young's " Adam–God doctrine". They jointly published more than 40 books about many aspects of the LDS Church, primarily its history. Biographies Jerald Tanner was born in Provo, Utah, and was a fifth-generati ...
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Los Angeles Times
The ''Los Angeles Times'' is an American Newspaper#Daily, daily newspaper that began publishing in Los Angeles, California, in 1881. Based in the Greater Los Angeles city of El Segundo, California, El Segundo since 2018, it is the List of newspapers in the United States, sixth-largest newspaper in the U.S. and the largest in the Western United States with a print circulation of 118,760. It has 500,000 online subscribers, the fifth-largest among U.S. newspapers. Owned by Patrick Soon-Shiong and published by California Times, the paper has won over 40 Pulitzer Prizes since its founding. In the 19th century, the paper developed a reputation for civic boosterism and opposition to Trade union, labor unions, the latter of which led to the Los Angeles Times bombing, bombing of its headquarters in 1910. The paper's profile grew substantially in the 1960s under publisher Otis Chandler, who adopted a more national focus. As with other regional newspapers in California and the United Sta ...
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University Of Missouri Press
The University of Missouri Press is a university press operated by the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri and London, England; it was founded in 1958 primarily through the efforts of English professor William Peden. Many publications are by, for, and about Missourians. The press also emphasizes the areas of American and world history; military history; intellectual history; biography; journalism; African American studies; women's studies; American, British, and Latin American literary criticism; political science; regional studies; and creative nonfiction. The press has published 2,000 books and publishes about 30 mostly academic books a year. Notable publications Among its notable publications were: *Collected works of Langston Hughes *Collected works of Eric Voegelin * Robert H. Ferrell's Give 'em Hell, Harry series about Harry Truman Series *Studies in Constitutional Democracies, edited by Jeffrey L. Pasley and Jay K. Dow *Journalism in Perspective: Continuity a ...
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George F
George may refer to: Names * George (given name) * George (surname) People * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Papagheorghe, also known as Jorge / GEØRGE * George, stage name of Giorgio Moroder * George, son of Andrew I of Hungary Places South Africa * George, South Africa, a city ** George Airport United States * George, Iowa, a city * George, Missouri, a ghost town * George, Washington, a city * George County, Mississippi * George Air Force Base, a former U.S. Air Force base located in California Computing * George (algebraic compiler) also known as 'Laning and Zierler system', an algebraic compiler by Laning and Zierler in 1952 * GEORGE (computer), early computer built by Argonne National Laboratory in 1957 * GEORGE (operating system), a range of operating systems (George 1–4) for the ICT 1900 range of computers in the 1960s * GEORGE (programming language), an autocode system invented by Charles Leo ...
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Apostle (Latter Day Saints)
In the Latter Day Saint movement, an apostle is a "special witness of the name of Jesus Christ who is sent to teach the principles of salvation to others." In many Latter Day Saint churches, an apostle is a priesthood office of high authority within the church hierarchy. In many churches, apostles may be members of the Quorum of the Twelve and First Presidency of the church. In most Latter Day Saint churches, modern-day apostles are considered to have the same status and authority as the Biblical apostles. In the Latter Day Saint tradition, apostles and prophets are believed to be the foundation of the church, Jesus Christ himself being the chief cornerstone. The "Articles of Faith", written by Joseph Smith, mentions apostles: "We believe in the same organization that existed in the Primitive Church, namely, apostles, prophets, pastors, teachers, evangelists, and so forth." History Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery were both designated apostles by 1830. The founding articl ...
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Heber J
Heber may be: Religious figures * Heber (biblical figure), minor character in the Book of Genesis * Heber the Kenite, mentioned in the Book of Judges 4:17 of the Hebrew Bible as Jael's husband * Hud (prophet) Hūd (), sometimes called Eber, is believed in Islam to have been a Prophets and messengers in Islam, messenger sent to pre-Islamic Arabia, ancient Arabia before Muhammad. Hud is repeatedly mentioned in the Quran, whose eleventh Surah, chapter i ..., also called Heber, an Islamic prophet People * Heber (surname), a list of people * Heber (given name), the origin of the given name and a list of people * Héber (footballer), Brazilian footballer Héber Araujo dos Santos (born 1991) Places * Heber, Arizona, United States, a census-designated place * Heber, California, United States, a census-designated place * Heber City, Utah, a city * Heber (hills), a hill chain in Lower Saxony, Germany {{disambiguation, geo ...
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President Of The Church (LDS Church)
The president of the church is the highest office of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). It was the office originally held by Joseph Smith, the church's founder. The church's president is its leader and is head of the First Presidency, its highest governing body. Latter-day Saints consider the president of the church to be a " prophet, seer, and revelator" and refer to him as "the Prophet", a title that was originally given to Smith. When the name of the president is used by adherents, it is usually prefaced by the title " President". Russell M. Nelson has been the president since January 14, 2018. Latter-day Saints consider the church's president to be God's spokesman to the entire world and the highest priesthood authority on earth, with the exclusive right to receive revelations from God on behalf of the entire church or the entire world. The president of the church serves as the head of both the Council on the Disposition of the Tithes and the ...
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Internet Archives
The Internet Archive is an American 501(c)(3) organization, non-profit organization founded in 1996 by Brewster Kahle that runs a digital library website, archive.org. It provides free access to collections of digitized media including websites, Application software, software applications, music, audiovisual, and print materials. The Archive also advocates a Information wants to be free, free and open Internet. Its mission is committing to provide "universal access to all knowledge". The Internet Archive allows the public to upload and download digital material to its data cluster, but the bulk of its data is collected automatically by its web crawlers, which work to preserve as much of the public web as possible. Its web archiving, web archive, the Wayback Machine, contains hundreds of billions of web captures. The Archive also oversees numerous Internet Archive#Book collections, book digitization projects, collectively one of the world's largest book digitization efforts. ...
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