|
Panhandle Track
A panhandle track (or pot handle track) is a slang expression for a running track built with a 220-yard straightaway. The name came from the resemblance of the shape of a pan (the track oval) with a long handle. Tracks meeting this specification were popular in the era of cinder tracks, from the early 20th century until about the mid-1960s. In 1962, the IAAF determined that it would no longer recognize records at 400 meters or longer without the course requiring the athlete to complete an oval every 400 metres. The long straightaway had allowed for one-turn 400 metres or 440 yard competitions; three-turn 800 metres or 880 yard competitions; straight 200 metres or 220 yard sprint or low hurdles competitions. A typical one-turn 440 yard dash would start as a scratch start (no lanes) at the end of the straight with the athletes sprinting for the lead before entering the turn, making the race a much more physical and strategic affair, simi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cinder Track
A cinder track is a type of race track, generally purposed for track and field or horse racing, whose surface is composed of cinders. For running tracks, many cinder surfaces have been replaced by all-weather synthetic surfaces, which provide greater durability and more consistent results, and are less stressful on runners. The impact on performance as a result of differing track surfaces is a topic often raised when comparing athletes from different eras. Synthetic tracks emerged in the late 1960s; the 1964 Olympics were the last to use a cinder track. - Tokyo 1964 - accessed 2011-08-09 The Little 500 bicycle race at |
IAAF
World Athletics, formerly known as the International Amateur Athletic Federation (from 1912 to 2001) and International Association of Athletics Federations (from 2001 to 2019, both abbreviated as the IAAF) is the international governing body for the sport of athletics, covering track and field, cross country running, road running, race walking, mountain running, and ultra running. Included in its charge are the standardization of rules and regulations for the sports, certification of athletic facilities, recognition and management of world records, and the organisation and sanctioning of athletics competitions, including the World Athletics Championships. The organisation's president is Sebastian Coe of the United Kingdom, who was elected in 2015 and re-elected unopposed in 2019 for a further four years. World Athletics suspended the Russian Athletics Federation (RusAF) from World Athletics starting in 2015, for eight years, due to doping violations, making it ineligibl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
400 metres
The 400 metres, or 400-meter dash, is a sprint event in track and field competitions. It has been featured in the athletics programme at the Summer Olympics since 1896 for men and since 1964 for women. On a standard outdoor running track, it is one lap around the track. Runners start in staggered positions and race in separate lanes for the entire course. In many countries, athletes previously competed in the 440-yard dash (402.336 m)—which is a quarter of a mile and was referred to as the 'quarter-mile'—instead of the 400 m (437.445 yards), though this distance is now obsolete. Like other sprint disciplines, the 400 m involves the use of starting blocks. The runners take up position in the blocks on the 'ready' command, adopt a more efficient starting posture which isometrically preloads their muscles on the 'set' command, and stride forwards from the blocks upon hearing the starter's pistol. The blocks allow the runners to begin more powerfully and thereb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
800 metres
The 800 metres, or meters ( US spelling), is a common track running event. It is the shortest commonly run middle-distance running event. The 800 metres is run over two laps of an outdoor (400-metre) track and has been an Olympic event since the first modern games in 1896. During the winter track season the event is usually run by completing four laps of an indoor 200-metre track. The event was derived from the imperial measurement of a half mile (880 yards), a traditional English racing distance. 800m is 4.67m less than a half mile. The event combines aerobic endurance with anaerobic conditioning and sprint speed, so the 800m athlete has to combine training for both. Runners in this event are occasionally fast enough to also compete in the 400 metres but more commonly have enough endurance to 'double up' in the 1500m. Only Alberto Juantorena and Jarmila Kratochvílová have won major international titles at 400m and 800m. Race tactics The 800m is also known for its tactical r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
200 metres Straight
The 200 metres straight is a track and field outdoor event of 200 metres on a straight track. In the 1960s, the straight 200 metres was a separate world record event for men until IAAF deleted this variation from its list of official records. The race was more common during the early to mid 20th century, when panhandle tracks, with 200 metre straightaways, were common. The United States Olympic Trials held the event on a straight until 1932. Interest in the event was revived around 2009. Several street events, primarily in Manchester, Brussels and Boston have constructed special tracks to hold the races, inviting elite sprinters. Record progression Men Women All-time top 25 *h = hand timing *NWI = no wind measurement Men Notes Below is a list of other times equal or superior to 20.71: * Steven Gardiner also ran 20.49 (2019). * Zharnel Hughes also ran 20.00 (2019). Women *Correct as of June 2021. Notes Below is a list of other times equal or superior to 25.25: *Shau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Low Hurdles
Low hurdle races are a generally defunct form of track and field hurdle racing. The event, generally run at or near a distance of 200 metres, was popular through 1960 at the international level. After that, the IAAF stopped ratifying records in the 200 metres low hurdles and it became far less common. United States high schools ran a shortened version of the race, the 180 yard low hurdles, until 1974, when most states and the NFHS converted to running the 330 yard low hurdles that with metrification evolved into the 300 meter intermediate hurdles, a shortened version of the international 400 metres hurdles. Because the race occurred in a male dominated era, there was no common female equivalent of the race. At the time the race lost its world record position, women were only occasionally running hurdles and when they did it was the 80 meter hurdles, over barriers the same height as the men's low hurdles. The height of the low hurdles was 30 inches, otherwise referred to as 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All-weather Running Track
An all-weather running track is a rubberized, artificial running surface for track and field athletics. It provides a consistent surface for competitors to test their athletic ability unencumbered by adverse weather conditions. Historically, various forms of dirt, Rocks, sand, and crushed cinders were used. Many examples of these varieties of track still exist worldwide. Surfaces Starting in the late 1950s, artificial surfaces using a combination of rubber and asphalt began to appear. An artificial warm-up track was constructed for the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. During the 1960s many of these tracks were constructed; examples still exist today. In the mid-1960s Tartan tracks were developed, surfaced with a product by 3M. The name ''Tartan'' is a trademark, but it is sometimes used as a genericized trademark. This process was the first to commercialize a polyurethane surface for running tracks, though it was originally conceived for horse racing. Many T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Track And Field Track and field is a sport that includes athletic contests based on running, jumping, and throwing skills. The name is derived from where the sport takes place, a running track and a grass field for the throwing and some of the jumping events. Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running and racewalking. The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, racewalking, and hurdling, are won by the athlete who completes it in the least time. The jumping and throwing events are won by those who achieve the greatest distance or height. Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump, and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus, and hammer. There are also "combined events" or "multi events", such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, and decathlon con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] |
